Izimpaphe zezilwane - izinhlobo nezici

Umlobi: Laura McKinney
Usuku Lokudalwa: 7 Epreli 2021
Ukuvuselela Usuku: 14 Udisemba 2024
Anonim
Amaphupho | Indaba YeSintu with Alex Mthiyane
Ividiyo: Amaphupho | Indaba YeSintu with Alex Mthiyane

-Delile

Izilwane ezincelisayo, izinyoni, izilwane ezihuquzelayo, izinambuzane, ama-amphibians, ama-crustaceans, phakathi kwezinye eziningi. Kunokwehluka okukhulu kwezilwane emhlabeni jikelele. Yize uhlobo ngalunye lunezici ezithile ezizisiza ukuba ziphile endaweni yazo yokuhlala, izici ezabiwayo zinomthelela kuzo ukuhlukaniswa embusweni wezilwane.

Phakathi kwalezi zici kukhona izimpaphe. Uyazi ukuthi iziphi izinhlobo ezinazo? Futhi bakusiphi isigaba? Yinye into eqinisekile: ziqhubeka nokuhlobisa imvelo ngemibala ehlukahlukene nobubunjwa. Kule ndatshana kaPeritoAnimal sethula kuwe i- izilwane ezinezimpaphe - izinhlobo zezici. Ukufunda okuhle!


Ziyini izilwane ezinamaphiko?

Uma ucabanga ngezimpaphe, yiziphi izilwane ezifika engqondweni? Cishe uyazikhumbula izinhlobo ezinjenge- duck, inkukhu, hummingbird noma upholi. Manje, ingabe izinyoni kuphela ezinophaphe? Impendulo yalowo mbuzo inguyebo. Kulezi zinsuku kuphelaizinyoni kuphela izilwane ezinophaphe, lesi yisici esivumela ukuthi uhlobo oluthile lufakwe eqenjini lezinyoni.

Kodwa-ke, kukhonjisiwe ukuthi, esikhathini esedlule, ezinye izinhlobo ze izibankwakazi nazo athuthukile izimpaphe nezinyoni esaziyo ukuthi ziyinzalo yazo. Njengamanje, asisekho isiphetho esiqondile ngalokhu, kepha konke kukhombisa ukuthi izimpaphe nezinwele kuvela esikalini esimboze izidumbu zezilwane ezihuquzelayo zokhokho bezinyoni nezilwane ezincelisayo.

Imibono ehlukene ithi kungenzeka kube ne- inqubo yokuziphendukela kwemvelo lokho kwavumela ezinye izinhlobo zama-dinosaurs ukuba zindiza phezu kwemithi kanye namagatsha agxumayo, kanti ezinye zikhomba ekuvikeleni okushisayo noma izindlela zokuheha ngesikhathi sokukhwelana.


Ngaphandle kwalokhu, kunobufakazi obukhomba ama-dinosaurs eqembu le-theropod, njenge-velociraptor edumile, phakathi okhokho bokuqala bezinyoni zanamuhla. Lesi siphetho saqiniswa ngo-1996, lapho izinsalela ze- a Sinosauropteryx itholwe inemicu emincane emboze umzimba wayo. Izimpaphe zalesi silwane kuthiwa zavela esikalini. Ngokufanayo, ngo-2009 izinsalela ze- I-Tianyulog, uhlobo lweCretaceous, olunamasampula ama-bristles ngemuva.

Ziyini izimpaphe?

Izimpaphe ziyizinto ezibalulekile zokundiza, kepha lokhu akuyona kuphela indima abayidlalayo.. Uphaphe luyisakhiwo se-epidermal esenziwe nge-keratin, okusho ukuthi siyingxenye yesikhumba. I-Keratin yiprotheni elibhekele hhayi kuphela ukwakheka kwezimpaphe, kodwa futhi ne izinzipho, izinwele nezikali. Njengalezi ezintathu, uphaphe "lufile", okusho ukuthi alunamathele emzimbeni ngemithambo yegazi. Izingozi ezimbi kakhulu ezenzeka ngenxa yokusika izimpaphe noma izinzipho zenzeka lapho umuntu ongenalwazi enza ukusika kushaye inzwa.


Iqoqo lezimpaphe libizwa izimpaphe futhi yize zidlala indima ebalulekile ekundizeni, akuzona zonke izinyoni. Phakathi kwemisebenzi yezimpaphe kukhona:

  • Nikeza ukuqhuma nesivinini endizeni.
  • Gcina umoya ngesikhathi sendiza ukuze inyoni ikwazi ukundiza
  • Susa noma wehlise isiphithiphithi sendiza
  • ukuqondisa indiza
  • Nikeza ngamandla nokusekelwa
  • Vikela ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene nezigaba zokuphila (kunezimpaphe zasebusika, eziningi ngokwengeziwe futhi ezingabonakali kangako, kanye nezimpaphe zomshado, ezinemibala nezibonakalayo, ezisetshenziselwa inkathi yokuzalanisa).
  • Hlukanisa phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane (lokhu kwenzeka kulezo zinhlobo lapho kune-dimorphism yezocansi, okungukuthi, izici zomzimba ziyehluka phakathi kwabesilisa nabesifazane).
  • Vumela ukufihla (izimpaphe zezinye izinhlobo zilingisa imibala etholakala endaweni yazo).
  • Xosha izilwane ezidla ezinye (umbala ogqamile wezimpaphe ezithile kuyindlela yokuzivikela, okukhombisa ukuthi izinhlobo zingaba yingozi).

manje usuyazi izimpaphe zezani, sizokutshela ngezinye zezilwane ezinophaphe kanye nokufuna ukwazi ngazo.

Izilwane ezinezimpaphe

Usuvele uyazi ukuthi yiziphi izilwane ezinamaphiko, okungukuthi, izinyoni. Manje ake sazi amaqiniso ngamanye awo:

  • I-Cuckoo
  • I-hummingbird yaseCuba
  • idada lesi-mandarin
  • Flamingo
  • uzwane
  • inyoni enhle kakhulu
  • I-Toucan
  • Ipigogo laseNdiya
  • I-Swan
  • ijuba
  • Ukhozi
  • isikhova

1. Cuckoo

I-cuckoo noma icuckoo yengoma (ICuculus canorus) iyinyoni engatholakala e-Asia, eYurophu nase-Afrika. abesifazane balokhu Izinhlobo zezinambuzane ngoba banendlela yokufuna ukwazi yokukhulisa amaphuphu abo: esikhundleni sokwakha izidleke zabo, basebenzisa lezo ezikhona kwezinye izinyoni. Ngenxa yalolu khetho, bacabangela ubukhulu nombala walezi ezinye izinyoni.

Enganakwa, ususa elinye lamaqanda esidlekeni ukuze ashiye elakhe endaweni. Lapho izalwa, ikhukhamba nalo linokuziphatha okukhohlisayo: ngokwemvelo lilahla amaqanda asele esidlekeni angakachanyuselwa ukuze kube yilo lodwa okufanele londliwe.

2. Ingcungcu yezinyosi zaseCuba

Eyaziwa ngokuthi inyosi ye-hummingbird (UMellisuga helenae), uhlobo oluhlala eCuba futhi yinyoni encane kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Iphawuleka ngezimpaphe ezibomvu neziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emadodeni, kuyilapho abesifazane bekhombisa imibala eluhlaza noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Le hummingbird ifinyelela kuphela ngamasentimitha ama-5 ebudaleni.

Thola inganekwane yeMayan ye-hummingbird kulesi sihloko se-PeritoAnimal.

3. Idada lesiMandarin

Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-mandarin teal, ngokungangabazeki ingenye yezilwane ezinamaphiko kakhulu. Idada le-mandarin (I-Aix galericulata) iyinyoni edabuka eChina, eSiberia naseJapan, kodwa futhi itholakale naseYurophu.

Ilukuluku mayelana nalezi zinhlobo yi-dimorphism yezocansi: abesifazane banezimpaphe ezinsundu noma nsundu ezinezindawo ezithile zokhilimu noma ezimhlophe, ngenkathi owesilisa ekhombisa inhlanganisela yombala engakaze ibonwe futhi eyingqayizivele, ingxube kakhilimu, okuluhlaza okotshani, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amakhorali, onsomi, omnyama futhi nsundu ngokubomvu.

4. IFlamingo

Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zohlobo I-Phoenicopterus abizwa ngaphansi kwegama elithi Flamingo, abonakala ngemilenze yabo emide, intamo ende, ezacile futhi izimpaphe ezibomvana. Kodwa-ke, bewazi ukuthi lo mbala wezimpaphe ungumphumela wokudla kwabo? Ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, ama-flamingo amhlophe, kepha ukudla kwawo kusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwama-plankton nama-crustaceans, aqukethe inani elikhulu le-carotene, i-pigment ephilayo enikeza umbala wesici sezimpaphe zabo.

Ungathola okuningi ngalokhu ku-athikili ngoba i-flamingo ibomvana.

5. I-Clog-toe

Obeye aziwe njengo unogolantethe wezicathulo, uzwane-in (I-Balaeniceps rex) ngesinye sezilwane ezinamaphiko ezinelukuluku lokwedlulele, ukubukeka okwehlukile. Unomlomo omkhulu omise okwebhola elisikhumbuza ngesicathulo, iqiniso eliveze igama lalo elimnandi. Kuncane okwaziwayo ngemikhuba noma isibalo sabantu, ngoba kuyaqabukela kushiya amaxhaphozi ase-Afrika lapho ihlala khona.

6. I-lyrebird enhle kakhulu

I-lyrebird enhle kakhulu (UMenura novaehollandiae) inyoni yomdabu yase E-Australia. Luhlobo lokucula oluhlukile kwezinye zalolu hlobo ngoba luyakwazi ukulingisa imisindo emangalisayo njengokuchofoza u-a i-shutter yekhamera noma umsindo owenziwe nge-chainsaw. Futhi inelukuluku ngokubukeka kwayo okwehlukile, ikakhulukazi abesilisa, abanomsila othinta kakhulu ngenxa yezinhlobonhlobo zezimpaphe zabo.

Bheka futhi nezinye izilwane ezivela e-Oceania esihlokweni sezilwane ezingama-35 ezivela e-Australia.

7. IToucan

I-toucan yigama elinikezwa izinyoni zomndeni URamphastidae, abahlala endaweni enkulu ye Mexico kuya e-Argentina. Ngaphezu kwemibala emihle ebabonakalisa, bakhombisa isimilo sokufuna ukwazi ngesikhathi senkambiso yokukhwelana: bobabili abesilisa nabesifazane imvamisa baphatha noma baphonsa ukudla namagatsha.

8. IPigogo LaseNdiya

Kuyinyoni ebizwa nangokuthi ipigogo eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka elitholakala e-Asia nase-Europe. Isici esiyingqayizivele kunazo zonke Pavo cristatus iyamangalisa futhi izimpaphe ezinemibala owesilisa, obonakala ngemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noluhlaza okotshani. Noma kunjalo, kukhona inguqulo ehlaba umxhwele kakhulu, i- ipigogo elimhlophe. Le mpaphe iwumkhiqizo wesakhi sofuzo futhi ivela kuphela ngemuva kweziphambano ezikhethwe kahle kakhulu.

9. Ingulube

Kunemibuzo eminingi mayelana nekhono le-swan (Cygnus) lokundiza. Kepha impendulo ilula: yebo, i-swan fly. Ngemikhuba yasemanzini, ama-swans asatshalaliswa ezindaweni eziningi zaseMelika, eYurophu nase-Asia. Yize iningi lezinhlobo ezikhona zinezimpaphe ezimhlophe, kukhona nezinye ezinompaphe omnyama.

Njengamadada, ama-swans andiza futhi anemikhuba yokufuduka, njengoba ethuthela ezindaweni ezifudumele lapho kufika ubusika.

10. Ijuba

Ingenye yezinyoni ezivame kakhulu emadolobheni amaningi emhlabeni, ezobhekwa njenge- isifo sasemadolobheni. Ekuqaleni, le nyoni ivela e-Eurasia nase-Afrika futhi inamaphesenti angaba ngu-70 wamaphiko futhi ingama-29 kuye kuma-37 cm ubude. Isisindo singahluka phakathi kuka-238 no-380 g futhi, abahlala emadolobheni, bahlala, ngokwesilinganiso, 4 iminyaka.

11. Ukhozi

Izinkozi ziyizinyoni ezidla inyama eziyingxenye yomndeni. I-Accipitridae, kanye ne amanqe. Ziyizilwane ezihlonishwa kakhulu ngabantu, noma abanye abantu bengazithola zisabeka. Lokhu kungenxa yedumela lalo njenge izidlova ezinonya futhi, okungenani, ngoba izici zezinkozi zihlobene kakhulu nekhono lazo elikhulu lokuzingela.

12. Isikhova

Izikhova zingaphansi kwe-oda Ama-Strigiformes futhi ziyizinyoni ezidla inyama nezasebusuku ezidla inyama, yize ezinye izinhlobo zingasebenza kakhulu emini. Imilenze yezinhlobo eziningi imbozwe izimpaphe, imvamisa iba nsundu, mpunga kanye nsundu. Bahlala kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezindawo zokuhlala., kusuka ezindaweni ezibandayo kakhulu enyakatho Nenkabazwe kuya emahlathini emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo. Izikhova zinombono omangalisayo futhi ngenxa yokuma kwazo amaphiko, ezibavumela ukuba bahambe kahle kakhulu, izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane zingazingela inyamazane yazo emahlathini anamaqabunga.

Izilwane ezinezimpaphe ezingandizi

Yize izimpaphe ziyizinto ezisemqoka ngesikhathi sendiza, kukhona izilwane ezinezimpaphe ezingandizi, okungukuthi, yizinyoni ezingadluli. Lezi ngezinye zezinto ezinelukuluku kakhulu nezimangazayo:

  • Kakapo
  • Iphengwini
  • Intshe
  • ikiwi
  • I-Cassowary
  • Cormorant

1. IKakapo

I-kakapo noma i-cap (Ama-Strigops habroptila) wuhlobo lukapholi onganndiza owande eNew Zealand. Ingabe inyoni yasebusuku silinganisa ngamasentimitha angama-60 futhi sinesisindo esingamakhilogremu ama-4. Inezimpaphe eziluhlaza nezimnyama moss.

Okwamanje kunezibonelo ezibukhoma ezingaphansi kwama-200, ngenxa yalesi sizathu i- I-International Union Yokongiwa Kwemvelo Nemithombo Yemvelo Uhlu Olubomvu lwe-IUCN ubheka izinhlobo zezilwane ezisengozini enkulu. Usongo lwayo olukhulu ukufakwa kwezinhlobo ezingezona ezomdabu endaweni yazo. Ngenxa yokwehluleka kwazo ukundiza, kulula ukuzibamba kunezinye izilwane.

2. iphengwini

Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zohlobo I-Sphenisciform afakiwe ngaphansi kwegama lama-penguin. bahlala ku Iziqhingi zaseGalapagos nasengxenyeni enkulu yezwe elisenyakatho. Yize ayikwazi ukundiza, ama-penguin angabhukudi futhi asebenzisa amaphiko awo ukuzikhipha emanzini lapho ebalekela izilwane ezidla ezinye.

3. Intshe

intshe (Ikamela leStruthio) kanye ne- inyoni enkulu futhi esindayo kunazo zonke emhlabeni, enesisindo esifinyelela kumakhilogremu angu-180. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akubeki inkinga ezinhlotsheni, njengoba ikwazi ukufinyelela ku-70 km / ngehora ligijima phezu kwamaqabunga e-Afrika. Ngale ndlela, lesi silwane esinezimpaphe siphethe amarekhodi amabili amakhulu, njenge ngaphezu kokuba inyoni enkulu kunazo zonke, iyinyoni eshesha kunazo zonke emhlabeni.

Ufuna ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izilwane eziyi-10 ezisheshayo emhlabeni? Funda le ndatshana nguPeritoAnimal.

4. Kiwi

I-kiwi, engeyehlobo lohlobo I-Apteryx, inyoni efana ne inyama yenkukhu itholakale eNew Zealand. Kuyisilwane esidla omnivorous esinemikhuba yasebusuku. Yize ingandizi, inamaphiko amancane kakhulu. Njengeqiniso elithakazelisayo, singasho ukuthi lolu hlobo lwesilwane luyisilwane esisemthethweni saseNew Zealand.

5. ICassowary

Luhlobo lwezinyoni olufaka izinhlobo ezintathu ezihlala e- Australia, New Zealand nase-Indonesia. I-cassowary ibukeka inelukuluku: imilenze emide, umzimba ovundlile ogcwele izimpaphe nentamo ende. Kuvamise ukuba ngamamitha ama-2 ubude futhi inesisindo esingama-40 kg.

6. Cormorant

Futhi siluqedile uhlu lwe izilwane ezinezimpaphe ezingandizi ne-cormorant (I-Phalacrocorax harrisi), inyoni ejwayelekile yeziQhingi zaseGalapagos. Kubonakala ngohlelo lokufuna ukwazi kabusha, i- ukukhishwa kwe-polyandrous, okusho ukuthi owesifazane uzala nabesilisa abaningana, nangamaphiko akhe amancane.

Uyazazi ezinye izinhlobo ezinelukuluku le- izilwane ezinezimpaphe ungathanda ukwabelana? Shiya umbono wakho!

Izilwane Ezinezimpaphe ZaseBrazil

NgokweKomidi laseBrazil lama-Ornithological Records (CBRO), akhona eBrazil Izinhlobo zezinyoni eziyi-1,919, okulingana no-18.4% wazo zonke izinyoni ezikhonjwe emhlabeni wonke (10,426, ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-BirdLife International).

Leli nani libeka iBrazil phakathi kwamazwe amathathu ane ukwehluka okukhulu kwezinyoni emhlabeni. Yize iningi lezinto eziphilayo lichitha umjikelezo wazo wonke wokuphila endaweni yaseBrazil, ezinye zivela eNyakatho Nenkabazwe, eningizimu yeNingizimu Melika noma emazweni asentshonalanga yeBrazil, zidlula kuphela ingxenye yomjikelezo wokuphila ezweni lethu. Kukhona okunye okucatshangwayo abazulazulayo ngoba banesimo esingajwayelekile.

Nazi ezinye zazo izilwane ezinezimpaphe AmaBrazil, okungukuthi, ajwayelekile ezweni:

  • I-Lear's Hyacinth Macaw (Anodorhynchus lear)
  • ICaatinga Parakeet (I-Eupsittila cactorum)
  • I-Woodpecker Ephuzi (UCeleus flavus subflavus)
  • Peacock-do-pará (I-Eurypyga helias)
  • Isikhova esinamalebe amade (ama-clamator pseudoscopes)
  • Ngikubonile (I-Pitangus sulphuratus)
  • URufous Hornero (UFurnarius rufus)
  • I-orange thrush (I-turdus rufiventris)
  • seriema (I-Cariamidae)

Jabulela futhi uhlangane no-Alex, upholi ohlakaniphe kunabo bonke emhlabeni:

Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- Izimpaphe zezilwane - izinhlobo nezici, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu se-Curiosities somhlaba wezilwane.