-Delile
Ekugcineni, izithombe ezibonisa, okuthiwa, "izilwane ezine-Down's Syndrome" zisakazeka ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. Amacala okugcina adonsela ukunakekelwa ayengama-fining (ingwe uKenny nekati uMaya), kepha-ke, ungathola nezethenjwa zezinja ezine-Down syndrome kwi-Intanethi.
Lolu hlobo lokushicilelwa luholela abantu abaningi ukuzibuza ukuthi ngabe izilwane zingaletha lokhu kuguqulwa kofuzo ngendlela efanayo neyabantu, futhi nangaphezulu, ukubuza ukuthi ngabe ikhona ngempela inja ene-Down syndrome.
Kule ndatshana evela ku- Isazi Sezilwane, sizokusiza uqonde ukuthi yini i-Down Syndrome futhi sizocacisa ukuthi izinja zingaba nayo yini noma cha.
Yini i-Down Syndrome
Ngaphambi kokuthi wazi ukuthi inja ingaba ne-Down Syndrome, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi sikuphi isimo, futhi silapha ukukusiza. I-Down syndrome uhlobo lwe ukuguqulwa kofuzo ebonakala kuphela kumbhangqwana we-chromosome unombolo 21 wekhodi yofuzo lomuntu.
Imininingwane eku-DNA yomuntu ivezwa ngamabhangqa angama-23 ama-chromosomes ahlelwe ngendlela yokuthi akhe isakhiwo esiyingqayizivele esingaphindwa kunoma yiluphi olunye uhlobo. Kodwa-ke, ekugcineni le khodi yezakhi zofuzo ingashintsha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kubangele ukuthi i-chromosome yesithathu ivele kulokho okufanele kube "ngababili abangama-21". Okusho ukuthi, abantu abane-Down syndrome bane-trisomy (ama-chromosomes amathathu) aboniswa ngqo kwi-chromosome pair number 21.
Le trisomy ikhonjiswa kokubili morphologically nangokwengqondo kubantu abanayo. Abantu abane-Down Syndrome bavame ukuba nezici ezithile ezitholakala kulokhu kuguqulwa kofuzo, ngaphezu kokukwazi ukukhombisa izinkinga zokukhula, ithoni yemisipha kanye nokukhula kwengqondo. Kodwa-ke, hhayi ngaso sonke isikhathi zonke izici ezihambisana nalesi Syndrome zizovela ngasikhathi sinye kumuntu ofanayo.
Kusadingeka ukucacisa lokho I-Down syndrome ayisona isifo, kepha kunalokho kuyinto yezakhi zofuzo eyenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, okuyisimo esivela kubantu abanaso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi abantu abane-Down syndrome abakwazi ukuhlakanipha ngokomqondo noma emphakathini, bangafunda, bafunde umsebenzi wokungena emakethe yezabasebenzi, babe nempilo yezenhlalo, bazakhele ubuntu babo ngokuya ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwabo, abakuthandayo nezintandokazi, kanye nokuba nentshisekelo kweminye imisebenzi eminingi futhi izinto zokuzilibazisa. Kuxhomeke emphakathini ukudala amathuba alinganayo okukhuthaza ukufakwa komphakathi kwabantu abane-Down Syndrome, ngokubheka izidingo zabo ezithile, hhayi ukubabheka njengabantu "abahlukile" noma "abangakwazi".
Ingabe ikhona inja ene-Down syndrome?
Akunjalo! Njengoba sibonile, i-Down Syndrome iyi-trisomy eyenzeka ngqo kuma-chromosomes angama-21, avela kulwazi lwezakhi zofuzo lwabantu. Ngakho-ke, akunakwenzeka ukuthi kube khona inja ye-shitzu ene-Down Syndrome noma olunye uhlobo, njengoba kungukuguqulwa okuthile kofuzo ku-DNA yomuntu. Manje, mhlawumbe uyazibuza ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani ukuthi kube khona izinja ezibonakala zine-Down's Syndrome.
Ukuqonda kangcono lesi simo, incazelo ilele ekutheni ikhodi yofuzo yezilwane, kufaka nezinja, nayo yakhiwa ngamabili ama-chromosomes. Kodwa-ke, inani lamabhangqa nendlela ahlela ngayo ukwakha ukwakheka kwe-DNA yehlukile futhi yehlukile enhlotsheni ngayinye. Eqinisweni, yikho kanye lokhu kuguqulwa kofuzo okunquma izici ezenza kube nokwenzeka ukuqoqa nokuhlukanisa izilwane ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene. Endabeni yabantu, imininingwane equkethwe yi-DNA ibhekele ukuthi ichaze ukuthi ngumuntu, futhi akuyona eyenye inhlobo.
Njengabantu, izilwane nazo zingaba nezinguquko ezithile zofuzo (kufaka phakathi ama-trisomi), angaboniswa kokubili nge-morphology nokuziphatha kwabo. Kodwa-ke, lezi zinguquko azisoze zenzeka kumbhangqwana wama-21 wama-chromosome, njengoba lokhu kutholakala kuphela ekwakhiweni kwe-DNA yomuntu.
Ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo zezilwane kungenzeka ngokwemvelo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kepha ekugcineni kuyimiphumela yokuhlolwa kofuzo noma umkhuba wokuzala, njengoba kwenzeka kuKenny, ihlosi elimhlophe elivela kumbaleki en I-Arkansa owadlula emhlabeni ngo-2008, ngemuva nje kokweqisa kwakhe ukuphaphalaza ngokuthi "yingwe ene-Down's Syndrome."
Ngokufingqa, izinja, kanye nezinye izilwane eziningi, zingaveza ezinye izinguquko zofuzo ezivezwa ekubukekeni kwazo, noma kunjalo, ayikho inja ene-Down Syndrome, ngoba lesi simo sikhona kuphela kukhodi yofuzo lomuntu, okungukuthi, kungenzeka kuphela kubantu.
Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- Ingabe ikhona inja ene-Down syndrome?, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu se-Curiosities somhlaba wezilwane.