-Delile
Impisi, ogama layo ngokwesayensi izibaya lupus, ungumuntu odla inyama ongowomndeni wama-canids. Njengoba sesivele sazi, lokhu kuyi- isilwane sasendle okukholelwa ukuthi kwaveza izinja ezifuywayo zamanje. Kodwa-ke, isimilo nokuziphatha okuningi kwalezi zinja kungahluka kakhulu kunalokho kwezimpisi.
Kunezinhlobo ezincane zezimpisi, kufaka phakathi impisi yase-Iberia (I-Canis lupus signatus), evikelwe kwamanye amazwe, njengeSpain, yi Ukwehla kwabantu ngenxa yokuzingela ngokungakhethi, i-roadkill, njll. Kungakho kubalulekile ukuthi wazi kangcono lezi zilwane ezinkulu futhi ezibalulekile futhi ufunde kabanzi ngazo. Kule ndatshana kaPeritoAnimal, uzokwazi ukwazi okunye impisi izici okungaba mnandi kakhulu maqondana nokwakheka komzimba, ukondleka komzimba, ukuzala kanye nobuntu. Ukufunda okuhle.
ukwakheka kwezimpisi
Njengoba kushiwo, kukhona ama-subspecies amaningi noma izinhlobo zempisi, ezingaba nosayizi nezici ezahlukahlukene. Noma kunjalo, iningi kakhulu imvamisa ikala phakathi kwamamitha ayi-1 no-2 ubude kusuka empumulweni kuya emsileni, enesisindo esiphakathi kuka-30 no-60 kilograms futhi inokuphakama cishe kwamasentimitha angama-80 ukusuka emhlabathini kuye ekubuneni kwesilwane.
Maqondana namathambo, imisipha nezinye izingxenye zokwakheka komzimba, kuyiqiniso ukuthi impisi icishe ifane nenja yasekhaya, njengoba umgogodla omude, Izimbhangqa eziyi-13, imilenze emine yokuhamba kanye nesethi yamazinyo nge ama-canine aqinile, phakathi kwabanye. Ungahlola izinhlobo zezinja eziyi-15 ezibukeka njengezimpisi kulesi sihloko. Kodwa-ke, umehluko othile kufanele ugqanyiswe. Phakathi kwezici zempisi eziqhathaniswa nenja kukhona:
- Usayizi omkhulu wokhakhayi.
- Izindlebe zivame okweqanda.
- Imisipha enamandla kakhulu ekuvumela ukuthi ufinyelele isivinini esikhulu.
- Amazinyo amakhulu okuklebhula amazinyo amakhulu.
- Izimpumputhe ezinde.
- Eminye imilenze yangaphambilini yinde kancane kunengemuva, okwenza ukunyakaza kwakho kusheshe.
- Amanye amaphedi ezinyawo ayajiya, njengoba esekela isisindo sawo ezinzwaneni ngesikhathi sokunyakaza (digitigrade).
Kukho konke lokhu kunezelwa ezinye izici zempisi ezizenza zibe yisilwane esimangazayo nesesabekayo, njengokubukeka kwaso okukhethekile, lapho umbala ubusa khona kakhulu. onsundu, ophuzi noma owolintshi.
Ngokuphathelene nejazi, zingahlukaniswa izingqimba ezimbili: elingaphakathi elinokuthinta okuthambile umsebenzi walo ukuvikela isilwane emazingeni okushisa asemazingeni aphansi kanye nangaphandle okunzima umsebenzi waso ukukuvikela kwezinye izinto zangaphandle, njengemvula. Lesi sakamuva samukela imibala ehlukene kuya ngokuthi iyiphi i-subspecies yempisi futhi ihlala kuphi. Ngakho-ke, kungahle kube nezimpisi ezinombala ompunga, omhlophe, omnyama, onsundu, obomvu noma inhlanganisela yale mibala. Ezindaweni ezibandayo, inani lenwele lizoba likhulu kuthi ezindaweni ezifudumele litholakale ngobuningi obuncane, linikeze i-carnivore ukubukeka okuncane.
impisi iyondla
Ngokuyinhloko kuyisilwane odla inyama, ngakho-ke ngokwemvelo kuvamile ukuyibona idla ezinye izilwane ezincane noma ezinye ezinosayizi abakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kuya ngokuthi bahlala kuphi nezinsizakusebenza ezitholakalayo zokudla kwabo, nabo ungadla imifino. Izimpisi azikhohlisi njengezinye izilwane zasendle futhi zingadla phakathi kwekhilogremu elilodwa kuya kwelesi-3 lenyama ngosuku, kuya ngosayizi wempisi nezidingo zephakethe. Phakathi kwe- ukudla okujwayelekile singaqokomisa:
- Izinyoka nezinye izilwane ezihuquzelayo
- onogwaja
- amagundane
- izinyoni
- izimbuzi
- izimvu
- izingulube
- izinyamazane
ukukhiqiza izimpisi
Phakathi kwezici zezimpisi ezithola ukunakwa okuningi ubuholi beqembu. Ngaphakathi kwepakethe lezimpisi, imvamisa elenziwa ngabantu abayi-7 kuye kwangama-20, ukukhwelana kwenzeka kuphela phakathi kwe-alpha owesilisa nowesifazane we-beta kanye ngonyaka. Ngemuva kwesikhathi sokumitha cishe izinsuku ezingama-60, imidlwane izalelwa ngaphakathi udoti wabantu abahlanu kuya kwabangu-12, imvamisa ukwakha iphakethe.
Zonke ezinye izinsizwa azizali, ngaphandle kwalapho i-alpha male ingakwazi ukukhwelana noma lapho ishiya iphakethe ukuze yakhe eyayo, njengoba kwenzeka kwezinye izinhlobo zezilwane zasendle. Uma kwenzeka bengashiyi bese beqhubeka nepakethe, bazodlala imisebenzi yokuvikela nokubambisana ekufuneni ukudla.
impisi ubuntu
Yize izimpisi zibonakala zibanda futhi zinolaka, esinye isici sezimpisi ukuthi zinjalo impela ngobuqili futhi ajwayelekile ngokuvamile ezihlala ngamaphakethe osayizi abahlukahlukene.Njengezinye izinhlobo zasendle, ezifana nebhubesi, ngaphakathi kwepakethe kukhona umholi. Phakathi kwezimpisi, umholi waziwa njenge-alpha male, okuvame ukuthi kube nguye ozala nowesifazane we-beta ukwakha iphakethe lenzalo yakhe. Ngaphezu kwelungelo lakhe lokuhlangana, owesilisa we-alpha naye unenhle kakhulu ukuthambekela komndeni, njengoba inakekela imidlwane, ibamba iqhaza ekufuneni ukudla okusinda kwephakethe futhi ivikele wonke umuntu.
Kufanela gqamisa eyakhoubuhlakani, ezihlobene nosayizi omkhulu wobuchopho babo nokuthi bayakhombisa lapho benza izinhlelo zokuzingela ukuthi baphumelele kakhulu. Izimpisi zinamandla okuqonda okuxhumana nomunye. Ngenkathi kunemibono eminingi mayelana nokuhewula kwezimpisi, okunye okubaluleke kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwayo ukuxhumana. Ngakho-ke, bangamemezela ukufika kosongo, ukuveza izimo noma imizwa, futhi bakhombise izindawo, njll.
Konke lokhu kuhlanganiswe ne-great yakho ikhono lokuxhumana nabantu yavumela impisi ukuthi ihlale nomuntu iminyaka, okwenza ukuthi iqhutshwe futhi ibonakale njengamanje yenja yasekhaya yamanje.
Kodwa-ke, umuntu kufanele akhumbule ukuthi impisi iyisilwane sasendle ngakho-ke kufanele iphathwe kanjalo. Ngeke sikwazi ukwazi ukuthi imizwa yabo, imizwa yabo, kanye nemvelo yabo kunini nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ngakho-ke uma siseduze nalolu hlobo emvelweni, kungcono ukuthi ungaphazamisi isikhala salo. Ubuntu bezilwane kuyinto ethi ngeke kuqondakale ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezifundo ezenziwa yi-ethologists, singaba nolwazi oluningi ngokwengeziwe mayelana nokuziphatha kwalezi zidalwa eziphilayo ezinhle.
Uma ufuna ukwazi kabanzi ngezimpisi, thola izinhlobo zezimpisi nezici zazo.
Ezinye izici zempisi
Manje njengoba usazi ezinye zezici ezibaluleke kakhulu zezimpisi, siqokomisa ezinye ezimbalwa:
- Izimpisi zine- iphunga elikhulu nokuzwa, okubavumela ukuthi bakwazi ukucinga inyamazane yabo futhi kunikeze amandla okuxhumana phakathi kwabo. Futhi banamehlo amahle, okukuvumela ukuba uzingele ngempumelelo ebusuku.
- Ingabe indawo enkulu kakhulu futhi bakhawulela isikhala sabo ngokumaka ngomchamo, indle noma ngokumithisa umhlaba ngephunga labo. Ngenxa yalokhu, banezindlala zephunga, phakathi kwazo lapho kutholakala khona ngaphansi kwemisila emibili.
- Okwakho imisila emide zivumele ukuthi zigcine ibhalansi yomzimba lapho zihamba.
- Akuzona zonke izimpisi ezihlala ngamaphakethe, njengoba kunezimo lapho angahlala yedwa. Kulezi zimo, ukuzingela kuba nzima kakhulu futhi kufanele kuhlangane nesisulu esincane.
- bangene ezimpini noma ngabe abanye abantu abangebona abepakethe labo bahlala ezindaweni zabo, ezingadlula ngaphezu kwamakhulu amakhilomitha-skwele.
- THE Isikhathi sokuphila of izimpisi ngokuvamile kuba abaneminyaka ephakathi kwengu-8 nengu-15 ubudala. Enkululekweni, ingancishiswa ngenxa yezenzo zabantu (ukuzingela, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, njll.) Noma ukunyamalala kwendawo yayo.
- Bacishe bavumelane ne- noma yiluphi uhlobo lwendawo yokuhlala. Ngakho-ke, singakuthola cishe kunoma iyiphi indawo emhlabeni lapho kunokuningi kokudla.
Ngemuva kokwazi izici eziyinhloko zempisi nokwazi ukuthi zavela futhi zisenokufana okuningi nezinja ezifuywayo, le vidiyo ekhuluma ngenja yempisi yaseCzechoslovakian, uhlobo olungavamile eBrazil, ingakuthakazelisa: