Indlela Yokwelapha Umdlavuza Webele Emakati - Izimbangela Nezimpawu

-Delile

• Uyini umdlavuza webele emakati
• Izimbangela zomdlavuza webele emakati
• Izici Zengozi Yomdlavuza Webele we-Feline
• Izimpawu Zomdlavuza Webele Emakati
• Ukuxilongwa komdlavuza webele we-feline
• Izigaba zomdlavuza webele emakati
• Ungawelapha Kanjani Umdlavuza Webele Emakati
• Kanjani ukuhlinzwa kwesisu sesifuba emakati?
  
• I-Chemotherapy yomdlavuza webele emakati
• Isibikezelo Somdlavuza Webele Emakati
• Ukuvimbela umdlavuza webele emakati

Uyabona ukuthi ikati lakho line- ukuvuvukala noma ukuqhuma kwamabele? Kungaba uphawu lomdlavuza webele, uhlobo lwesithathu lomdlavuza oluvame kakhulu kulezi zinhlobo. Ukususwa kwamakati kusenesikhathi kuyindlela yokuvikela ebalulekile ngoba iningi lomdlavuza linolaka kakhulu, abizwa ngokuthi ama-adenocarcinomas. Ngakho-ke, ukuthola ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, kanye nokusebenza okuphelele kwe-mastectomy, kubalulekile ukukhulisa ikati lethu liphile.

Ngabe ufuna ukwazi kabanzi nge indlela yokuphatha i-umdlavuza webele emakati? Kule ndatshana kaPeritoAnimal, sizochaza ukuthi yini umdlavuza webele emakati, izimpawu zawo, ukuxilongwa, ukubikezelwa kanye namathuba alo okwelashwa.

Uyini umdlavuza webele emakati

Umdlavuza webele ukuguqulwa kwamaseli ajwayelekile endlaleni yemammmary kuya amaseli wesimila ezinamandla amakhulu okuphindaphindeka nokuhlasela kwezicubu eziseduze noma ezikude ngezindlela ze-hematogenous noma ze-lymphatic.

Ekati, isimila sesifuba sinjalo uhlobo lwesithathu lomdlavuza oluvame kakhulu, okulandela kuphela izicubu ze-lymphoma nezesikhumba. Okubi kakhulu kuvame kakhulu kune-benign, ngamaphesenti we-90% no ukufa okuphezulu.

I-Adenocarcinomas yizicubu ezivame kakhulu ukubulala amakati ezinsikazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, cishe ama-35% wamathumba webele ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa asevele asetshenziselwa izicubu eziseduze. Le metastasis ingathinta izitho eziningana, ezenzeka ngaphezu kwama-80% we amacala amaphaphu.

Ngemininingwane engaphezulu, ungafunda le enye indatshana yePeritoAnimal ngomdlavuza wekati - izinhlobo, izimpawu nokwelashwa.

Izimbangela zomdlavuza webele emakati

Phakathi kwezimbangela ezingadala umdlavuza webele emakati sithola izici zofuzo, ama-carcinogens, amanye amagciwane kanye nokungcola kwemvelo. Noma kunjalo, imbangela enkulu kunazo zonke yi-hormonal, njengoba izimila zamabele zixhomeke kuma-hormone, okusho ukuthi iningi lazo linama-receptors amelana nama-estrogens kanye nama-progestin, ngakho-ke, inzalo yokuqala ukuvimbela.

Ukwelashwa isikhathi eside ngama-progestogens kwandisa ubungozi bokwethulwa, njengoba indlela eyinhloko i-progesterone noma i-progestogens edala izicubu ngayo ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-hormone yokukhula ku-mammary gland, ezokhuthaza ngqo ukukhula kwezindlala futhi ngokungaqondile ngokusebenzisa isici sokukhula esixhumene ne-insulin esidlala indima enkulu ekwandeni kwamaseli nasekuguqulweni kwamaseli we-neoplastic.

Izici Zengozi Yomdlavuza Webele we-Feline

Ingozi yekati eba nomdlavuza webele iyanda:

• Njengoba iminyaka yakho ikhula.
• Uma kungenjalo ku-neutered.
• Uma zisuswe ngemuva kwesikhathi.

Noma yiluphi uhlobo lungathinteka, kepha olunye ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi amakati abesifazane baseSiamese anengozi ephindwe kabili yokuhlaselwa yilesi sifo. Emakati ohlobo lwaseYurophu futhi kuvame ukwenzeka kaningi.

Izimpawu Zomdlavuza Webele Emakati

Uma ubona ukuvuvukala esifubeni sekati, kuhle ukunaka. amakati anakho esewonke amabele ayisishiyagalombili ihlukaniswe ngama-cranial amabili namabili amabili we-caudal. Izicubu zamabele zingabonakala zodwa njengokukodwa, okuhlukaniswe kahle, okuyisisindo esingumakhalekhukhwini noma ukukhula okufana nokungena ezindaweni ezijulile ezinamandla okuba nesilonda futhi kubangele ukutheleleka kwesibili.

Kujwayelekile futhi ukuthi ibele elifanayo elithintekile lethule amaqhubu amaningi, yize kujwayelekile ukuthi kuthinteke amabele amaningi (uzobona ukuvuvukala emabeleni e-feline). Mayelana Amakati angama-60% anesisu esingaphezu kwesisodwa lapho kutholakala. Ama-lymph node aseduze nawo athinteka kaningi.

Emakati, ukuhlukunyezwa kwesisu sesifuba kukhulu kakhulu kunezinja zesifazane, ukuze amangqamuzana e-tumor ahlasele ngokushesha isifunda se-lymphatic bese egcizelela izitho ezikude. Wena izimpawu zomtholampilo okukhombisa isimila sesifuba emakati yilesi:

• Ukuqubuka esifubeni esisodwa noma ngaphezulu (ukuvuvukala kwesifuba kukati)
• Ukukhula kwala maqhuqhuva.
• Isilonda sesilonda.
• Ukungenwa ngamabele.
• Izifo zamaphaphu noma ezinye izitho uma isimila sesisakazekile.
• Ukwehla kwesisindo.
• Ubuthakathaka.

Ukuxilongwa komdlavuza webele we-feline

Inqubo ejwayelekile yokuxilonga yalesi sifo ifaka phakathi igazi, umchamo nesifuba ama-radiographs. Njengoba kuvame ukwenzeka emakati amantombazane amadala, kubalulekile futhi ukukala i-T4 ukuhlola isimo se-thyroid.

Yize iningi lezicubu zesifuba emakati linobungozi, uma unikezwa izilonda zamabele ezichazwe ngenhla, a ukuxilongwa umehluko nezinye izifo ezingalethwa amakati angenawo i-neutered: i-fibroadenomatous hyperplasia, i-pseudopregnancy nokukhulelwa.

O isimila isigaba ukuzimisela uhlelo Umdlavuza webele we-Feline usekelwe kubukhulu besimila sokuqala ngokulinganisa ubukhulu besisindo (T), ukubandakanyeka kwama-lymph node (N) aseduze kanye ne-metastasis ezithweni ezikude (M). Zonke izindlala ezincelisayo nezicubu eziseduze kufanele zishaywe, ngaphezu kwe-palpation kanye ne-cytology yama-lymph node wesifunda, isifuba se-X-ray esithathwe ngokuqagela okuningi ukuhlola ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi i-metastasis ye-pulmonary, ne-ultrasound yesisu ukuhlola i-metastasis ezithweni zesisu.

Izigaba zomdlavuza webele emakati

Izigaba zomdlavuza webele emakati yizi:

• Mina: izigaxa ezingaphansi kuka-2 cm (T1).
• II: 2-3 cm izigaxa (T2).
• III: izigaxa ezingaphezulu kuka-3 cm (T3) ezine-metastasis yesifunda noma engenayo (i-N0 noma i-N1) noma i-T1 noma i-T2 ene-metastasis yesifunda (i-N1).
• IV: i-metastasis ekude (M1) kanye nokuba khona noma ukungabikho kwe-metastasis yesifunda.

Ungawelapha Kanjani Umdlavuza Webele Emakati

Njengoba i-mammary adenocarcinomas emakati amantombazane ihlasela futhi inezinga eliphezulu lokubandakanyeka kwe-lymphatic, ukwelashwa okunolaka. Uma ufuna ukwazi ukuthi ungawelapha kanjani umdlavuza webele emakati, kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kuzoba ne- ukuhlinzwa kokukhishwa kwebele, ebizwa nangokuthi i-mastectomy, engangezelelwa nge-chemotherapy kanye ne-radiotherapy. I-Radiotherapy iyindlela yokwelashwa yendawo ukuthi emakati kungasebenza ekuvimbeleni ukuphindeka kwesimila.

Kanjani ukuhlinzwa kwesisu sesifuba emakati?

I-Mastectomy emakati inolaka kakhulu kunezinhlobo ze-canine, njengoba kufanele yenziwe kulo lonke uchungechunge lwebele oluthintekile. Kuyaphikiswa kuphela uma lesi sifo sesithuthuke kakhulu futhi sekuvele kunama-metastases ezithweni ezikude, ngakho-ke i-mastectomy ephelele ohlangothini olulodwa uma amabele athintekile esechungechungeni olulodwa noma aphelele emazweni amabili uma amabele athintekile esatshalaliswa kuwo womabili amaketanga amabele. Futhi, kufanele isuswe ngokuphelele nge amamaki abanzi okubalulekile ekwehliseni ukubuya komdlavuza endaweni nokwandisa isikhathi sokusinda.

Ama-lymph node athintekile kufanele futhi ifakwe ku-mastectomy. I-inguinal lymph node isuswa kanye ne-caudal mammary gland kanye ne-axillary lymph node isuswa kuphela uma ikhulisiwe noma uma kutholakala i-metastasis ku-cytology. Uma sesikhishiwe, kufanele kuqoqwe amasampula ukuze athunyelwe ku-histopathology ukuze kuhlolwe uhlobo lwethumba ikati elinalo.

Esikhathini sokuhlinzwa se-mastectomy emakati, i- ama-analgesics nama-antibiotics ayadingeka ukulawula izinhlungu, ukuvuvukala kanye nezifo ezingenzeka. Isonto lokuqala alithandeki neze, ikakhulukazi amabhilidi amabili agcwele. Kungathatha izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuthi imizwa yekati lakho, isifiso sayo sokudla nobungqabavu bathuthuke. Kumele ibekwe Umgexo ka-Elizabethan hhayi ukukhotha indawo nemithungo ivulekile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i- izinkinga ezingenzeka yilezi:

• Ache.
• Ukuvuvukala.
• Ukutheleleka.
• I-Necrosis.
• Ukuzilimaza.
• Ukuphazanyiswa kwemisipha.
• Imvu yangemuva edema.

I-Chemotherapy yomdlavuza webele emakati

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha umdlavuza webele emakati ukusebenzisa imigomo ye-oncology. I-chemotherapy ehlanganisiwe inconyelwa emakati wamantombazane nge izigaba zokwelashwa III no-IV noma kumakati ane izicubu ezimbi zesigaba II noma III. Kwenziwa ngemuva kokususwa kwesimila ukubambezeleka kokuphindaphindeka, ukwelula isikhathi sokuxolelwa nokubambezela ukubonakala kwe-metastasis. Imvamisa iphathwa ku- njalo emavikini ayi-3-4, enikeza ingqikithi yemijikelezo engu-4-6. Imiphumela engemihle engavela ekati elashwa ngamakhemikhali yilezi: i-anorexia ne-anemia kanye nokwehla kwamaseli amhlophe egazi ngenxa ye-myelosuppression.

Kungaba nokuthakazelisa ukufaka i- i-non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) evimbela uhlobo lwe-cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), njenge-firocoxib noma i-meloxicam, njengoba lezi zicubu zikhonjisiwe ukuveza i-COX-2. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwehlukile izivumelwano zamakhemikhali zichazwe ngezicubu zesifuba se-feline:

• Uma sibhekene nomdlavuza webele wesigaba III noma IV: i-doxorubicin (20-30 mg / m2 noma i-1 mg / kg ngemithambo njalo emavikini ama-3) + i-cyclophosphamide (100 mg / m2 izinsuku ezi-3 njalo emavikini ama-3 womzila womlomo).
• Ngokuhlinzwa + i-carboplatin (200 mg / m2 ngemithambo yegazi njalo emavikini ama-3, imithamo emi-4) izifundo zikhombise ukusinda okuphakathi kwezinsuku ezingama-428.
• Amakati ahlinzwa kanye ne-doxorubicin kwizicubu ezincane kuno-2 cm akhombise ukusinda okumaphakathi kwezinsuku ezingama-450.
• Ngokuhlinzwa kanye ne-doxorubicin, ukusinda kosuku luka-1998.
• Ngokuhlinzwa, i-doxorubicin ne-meloxicam kwasinda izinsuku ezingama-460.
• Ngokuhlinzwa kanye ne-mitoxantrone (6 mg / m2 ngemithambo yegazi njalo emavikini ama-3, imithamo emi-4) ukusinda kwezinsuku ezingama-450 kwanqunywa.

Imvamisa kuhambisana ne- izithasiselo zokudla, ama-antiemetics kanye nesikhuthazi sesifiso sokudla yokuvikela ukwehla kwesisindo kanye nezimpawu zokulungisa. Ngasikhathi sinye, uma ikati linanoma yiluphi uhlobo lokungasebenzi kahle, kufanele lilashwe.

Manje njengoba usukwazi ukwelapha umdlavuza webele emakati, ngokulandelayo sizokhuluma ngesibikezelo.

Isibikezelo Somdlavuza Webele Emakati

Isikhathi sokusinda esiphakathi kokutholakala komdlavuza webele kuze kube sekufeni kwekati Izinyanga eziyi-10-12. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye ne-mastectomy yokuqala yizinto ezibalulekile zokwelula isikhathi sokusinda.

Isibikezelo sizohlala njalo kubi ngokwengeziwe ubukhulu besimila, ngakho-ke uma isigaxa noma izigaxa zikhulu kakhulu, naka. Labo abanobubanzi obuncane babenezikhathi ezinde zokuxolelwa nesikhathi esinde sokusinda. Ukuba khona kwe-metastasis ekude njalo kukhombisa ukubikezela okubi.

Ngale ndlela, uma ubona noma yiluphi ushintsho emabeleni ekati lakho, kufanele iya kudokotela wezilwane ukuthola ngokushesha okukhulu uma ngabe sibhekene nomdlavuza noma ezinye izifo zesifuba. Njengoba sesishilo, ukukhula komdlavuza wamabele kuyabulala, ngoba ezimweni eziningi kuzohlasela amaphaphu ekati lethu, kwenze kube nzima ukuthi liphefumule kahle, kanye nezinye izitho zomzimba walo, futhi ekugcineni kuzokubangela ukufa kwakho.

Ukuvimbela umdlavuza webele emakati

Ukuvikelwa okuhle komdlavuza webele ekati kungu ukuthenwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ngaphambi kokuqala kwakho ukushisa, ngoba kuzonciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuhlaselwa yilesi sifo, okubalulekile, njengoba isikhathi sokuphila sekati elinomdlavuza webele siphansi kakhulu, ngisho nangokwelapha.

Uma kwenzelwa inzalo ngemuva konyaka wokuqala wokuphila, noma ngabe awekho amathuba okuba nomdlavuza webele, kungavimbela ezinye izifo ezifana ne-pyometra, i-metritis kanye ne-ovarian noma izicubu zesibeletho.

ukuthena kwasekuqaleni incipha kakhulu isethulo sesikhathi esizayo somdlavuza webele emakati, ukuze:

• Kwehla ngo-91% uma kwenziwa ngaphambi kwezinyanga eziyi-6, okungukuthi, bazoba nethuba elingu-9% lokuhlupheka.
• Ngemuva kokushisa kokuqala, amathuba azoba ngu-14%.
• Ngemuva kokushisa kwesibili, amathuba azoba ngama-89%.
• Ngemuva kokushisa kwesithathu, ingozi yomdlavuza webele ayincishisiwe.

Kule ndatshana ubonile ukuthi kuyini, izimpawu nokuthi welashwa kanjani umdlavuza webele emakati. Ngezansi, sishiya ividiyo esiteshini se-YouTube sePeritoAnimal mayelana nezifo ezivame kakhulu emakati ongazithanda:

Lo mbhalo wenzelwe imininingwane kuphela, kwaPeritoAnimal.com.br asikwazi ukunquma ukwelashwa kwezilwane noma ukwenza noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuxilongwa. Siphakamisa ukuthi uthathe isilwane sakho uye kudokotela wezilwane uma kungenzeka ukuthi unanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesimo noma ukungaphatheki kahle.

Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- Indlela Yokwelapha Umdlavuza Webele Emakati - Izimbangela Nezimpawu, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu sezifo ezithathelwanayo.