Indawo emhlophe esweni lenja: kungaba yini?

Umlobi: John Stephens
Usuku Lokudalwa: 26 Ujanuwari 2021
Ukuvuselela Usuku: 20 Unovemba 2024
Anonim
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-Delile

Ukubukeka kwezinja kuyinto engenakuphikiswa. Zombili izinja nabantu basebenzisa amehlo abo ukuxhumana nokudlulisa lokho abazizwa ngakho. Lokhu kwenza noma yiziphi izinguquko, njengokufiphazwa kwamehlo enja, ukukhonjwa kusenesikhathi.

Njengoba inja ikhula futhi iguga, abanakekeli abaningi bangabona uhlobo lwenkungu emehlweni enja okuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi iba bukhali futhi ibe mhlophe. Yize imbangela enkulu efika emqondweni wethu kungulwelwesi, i-ophthalmology yezilwane iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi inikezela ngohlu olukhulu lwezimbangela ezingaba khona zalokhu indawo emhlophe emehlweni enja, kusuka enqubeni yokuwohloka ehambisana nobudala, izifo zamehlo ezinjeni ezincane noma ezindala noma izifo ezihleliwe.


Kule ndatshana kaPeritoAnimal sizokuchazela ukuthi yini a indawo emhlophe esweni lenja nokuthi umfundisi kufanele akhathazeke nini.

inja iso anatomy

Iso lenja linemisebenzi efanayo neyeso lomuntu, yize libona ngemibala ehlukene. Iso linomsebenzi:

  • Lawula inani lokukhanya elingena esweni, ukuvumela umbono wemini nobusuku, okuvumela ukuthi ukwazi ukuzijwayeza;
  • Gxila futhi ubuke izinto ezikude noma eziseduze;
  • Dlulisa izithombe ezisheshayo ebuchosheni ukuze inja ikwazi ukusabela esimweni esithile.

Bangaba nezifo ezifanayo ngisho nangaphezulu kunabantu, ngakho-ke kubaluleke ngokufanayo ukunakekelwa kwamehlo okuhle of isilwane sakho.

Ake sichaze kafushane ukwakheka kweso lenja bese sichaza izifo ezingadala ukuthi kuvele ibala elimhlophe esweni lenja.


Inhlamvu yeso (iso) yakhiwa:

Izinkophe

Amafolda amahle esikhumba amboze iso futhi alivimbe ukuthi lome futhi lisize ukuqeda imizimba ethile yangaphandle. Ekupheleni kwejwabu leso ngalinye (ngezansi nangaphezulu) kunama-eyelashes.

ulwelwesi oluchazayo

Futhi kubizwa ijwabu leso lesithathu, itholakala eceleni kwezinkophe ezingezansi ekhoneni eliphakathi kweso ngalinye (eduze kwempumulo).

Izindlala ze-Lacrimal, mucous and meibomian

Bakhiqiza izakhi zesinyembezi futhi basize ukufakela iso iso, ukuligcina lisebenza futhi ligcotshisiwe.

Amapayipi asenacacimal

Baxhuma iso nekhala, bakhiphe izinyembezi ekugcineni kwempumu.

I-Orbit

Indawo lapho kufakwa khona iso kungumgogodla wamathambo osekela iso futhi unezinzwa, imithambo nemisipha yokwenza iso libe namandla.


sclera

Ingxenye yonke emhlophe yeso. Ungqimba olumelana kakhulu.

Isihlanganisi

Ungqimba oluncane oluhlanganisa i-sclera, phambi kweso futhi ludlulele ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kwejwabu leso. Lapho iso libomvu ngenxa yohlobo oluthile lwenkinga yokungezwani komzimba, ukutheleleka noma uhlelo, isilwane kuthiwa sinaso ukuhlangana (ukuvuvukala kwe-conjunctiva). Funda kabanzi mayelana ne-canine conjunctivitis kulesi sihloko.

I-Cornea

Kuyingxenye yangaphakathi yeso, ngesimo sedome esobala, esimboza futhi sivikele iso, sivumele ukukhanya kudlule.

I-Iris

Ingxenye yeso enombala elawula inani lokukhanya elingena esweni, okwenza umfundi afinyelele noma avuleke. Lapho kunokukhanya okuningi, umfundi uyasayina futhi abe mncane kakhulu, acishe afane ne-streak, futhi ezimweni eziphansi zokukhanya kuncipha kakhulu, kube kukhulu kakhulu futhi kuyindilinga ukuze akwazi ukuthwebula ukukhanya okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka.

umfundi

Isikhungo se-iris yingxenye emnyama emnyama yeso.

lens noma crystalline

Kutholakala ngemuva kwe-iris nomfundi. Kuyisakhiwo esinamandla amakhulu esishintsha njalo isimo ukujwayela ukukhanya futhi kungakha isithombe esibukhali, esigxile kokunye.

URetina

Kutholakala esifundeni esingemuva kweso. Iqukethe ama-photoreceptors (ama-light light), lapho isithombe sakhiwa futhi salolwa khona. Ngamunye walawa ma-photoreceptor azogcina ku- imizwa ye-optic bese kuba ebuchosheni.

Indawo emhlophe esweni lenja: kungaba yini?

Lapho sibona ngeso lengqondo ukukhanya kwamehlo enja nge ukubukeka kobisi kuvame kakhulu ukuhlobanisa lesi sifo ne-cataract, ikakhulukazi enjeni endala. Kodwa-ke, kunezimbangela eziningi ezingaholela ekubeni mhlophe okuyingxenye noma okuphelele kweso (noma ngabe i-cornea, i-lens, umfundi noma ezinye izakhiwo).

I-cataract akuyona ukuphela kwembangela ye- inja eneso elimhlophe. Ngemuva kwalokho, sichaza konke ngamachashaza amhlophe emehlweni ezinja futhi sikhombise ukuthi ezinye izimbangela zingahle zihlotshaniswe.

ukuwa

Ukuqubuka kuvela lapho i- imicu yelensi iqala ukuguga futhi iba mhlophe, njengesikhumba esimhlophe esweni lenja, esiya siqina ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi sibe opaque.

Lesi simo sihlehlisa umbono ongenakuguqulwa wesilwane. Kodwa-ke, kukhona ukuhlinzwa okuyindlela enhle yokuzama ukuguqula lesi simo, kepha okumele kubhekelwe impilo, ubudala, uhlobo kanye nezifo ezikhona zesilwane.

sclerosis yenuzi

Imvamisa kudideka ngamehlo. kwenzeka ngenxa ye- ukulahleka kokuguquguquka kwezintambo zelensi, okwenza kube nesici se- uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngokungafani ne-cataract, le nkinga ayibangeli ubunzima ekuboneni noma ebuhlungwini besilwane.

ukuqhubeka kwe-atrophy ye-retina

Ngokuguga, ukuwohloka okuqhubekayo kwe-retina kungenzeka. Imvamisa kuqala nge kunzima ukubona emini ehambisana ne-photophobia. Ngeshwa, lesi simo aselapheki. Kodwa-ke, abanye ababhali bathi ingancishiswa ngama-antioxidants.

ama-calcium deposits

Ukufakwa kwe-calcium kungenzeka ezinhlakeni ezintathu: i-cornea, i-conjunctiva ne-retina. Kubangelwa i-calcium eningi egazini (i-hypercalcemia), i-gout noma ukwehluleka kwezinso futhi kubangele amabala amhlophe esweni. Ngokuya ngendawo okuyo, imbangela nokwelashwa kungahlukahluka.

uveitis

I-uvea (eyenziwe nge-iris, umzimba we-ciliary kanye ne-choroid) inesibopho sokugeleza kwegazi. Lapho kukhona ukuvuvukala kwe-uvea (uveitis) kungabekwa njengengaphakathi, ngemuva noma okuphakathi, kuya ngendawo. Kungaba ngemvelaphi ehlasimulisayo noma kube nesizathu sohlelo. Uma ingalashwa ngesikhathi, ngaphezu kobuhlungu, ingaholela ekulahlekelweni kombono. Kwezinye izimo iso lenja lingabonakala limhlophe. Funda kabanzi mayelana ne-uveitis ezinjeni kule ndatshana.

I-Glaucoma

I-glaucoma ivela lapho kunokungalingani ekukhiqizweni kanye / noma emanzini oketshezi lwe-ocular. Noma ngabe kungenxa yokukhiqiza okweqile noma ukusilela emanzini, lesi simo siholela kufayela le- ukwanda kwengcindezi ketshezi, engaphazamisa i-retina ne-optic nerve. Ingabonakala ngokuzumayo (ifomu elibi) noma iguquke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi (ifomu elingapheli).

Izimpawu zalesi simo zibandakanya ukukhuliswa kwamehlo nokukhishwa okuncane (exophthalmos), abafundi abahluziwe, ukuvuvukala kwamehlo, ubomvu, ukushintsha kombala, ubuhlungu kanye ne-blepharospasm (ukukhanya kaningi). Ukubukeka okunamafu kwamehlo noma ama-halos aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nakho kungahlotshaniswa nale nkinga.

I-Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS)

Kuba nomphumela wokwehla noma ukungabikho komkhiqizo wezinyembezi, okwenza nciphisa ukuthambisa iso futhi wandise amathuba okuvuvukala kwe-corneal, okungaholela ekungaboni.

Esinye sezibonakaliso ezivame kakhulu ukutholakala kokusakazeka (kulo lonke iso) ukukhishwa kwe-oop mucous, okunikeza ukubukeka okumhlophe esweni.

Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa

Njengoba sibonile, iso elimhlophe enjeni alihlali lifana nekhathi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuphenya imbangela ngokuhlolwa kwamehlo okuhle.

I-ophthalmology yezilwane iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngakho-ke kungcono ngaso sonke isikhathi ukucela uchwepheshe emkhakheni ukuthola umbono.

Ukuxilongwa

Kunezivivinyo ezithile zomzimba nezihambisanayo ezingenziwa:

  • Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okujulile;
  • Ukulinganisa kwe-IOP (ingcindezi ye-intraocular);
  • Ukuhlolwa kwe-Flurescein (ukukhomba izilonda ze-corneal);
  • Ukuhlolwa kweSchirmer (ukukhiqizwa kwezinyembezi);
  • I-Ophthalmic ultrasound;
  • I-Electroretinography.

Ukwelashwa kwendawo emhlophe esweni lenja

Ukwelashwa kuhlala kuncike embangela futhi kungadinga:

  • Amaconsi wamehlo (amaconsi wamehlo) anama-antibiotic, izidakamizwa ezingezona ukuvuvukala, i-corticosteroids;
  • izidakamizwa zesistimu;
  • Ukuhlinzwa okulungisayo;
  • I-Enucleation (ukususwa kwenhlamvu yeso) lapho izilonda zingalungiseki futhi kuyasiza ukuthi isilwane sisuse iso.

Lo mbhalo wenzelwe imininingwane kuphela, kwaPeritoAnimal.com.br asikwazi ukunquma ukwelashwa kwezilwane noma ukwenza noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuxilongwa. Siphakamisa ukuthi uthathe isilwane sakho uye kudokotela wezilwane uma kungenzeka ukuthi unanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesimo noma ukungaphatheki kahle.

Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- Indawo emhlophe esweni lenja: kungaba yini?, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu sezinkinga zamehlo.