-Delile
- Yini izinhlanzi zamaphaphu
- Izinhlanzi zamaphaphu: izici
- Inhlanzi yamaphaphu: ukuphefumula
- IPiramboia
- I-African lungfish
- I-Australian lungfish
Wena inhlanzi yamaphaphu yakha iqembu lezinhlanzi elingandile kwakudala kakhulu, ezinekhono lokuphefumula umoya. Zonke izinhlobo eziphilayo kuleli qembu zihlala engxenyeni eseningizimu yeplanethi, futhi njengezilwane zasemanzini, i-biology yazo icaciswe ngale ndlela.
Kule ndatshana kaPeritoIzilwane, sizongena ezweni le-lungfish, ukuthi zibukeka kanjani, ukuthi ziphefumula kanjani, futhi sizobona ezinye izibonelo zezinhlobo izinhlanzi zamaphaphu nezici zazo.
Yini izinhlanzi zamaphaphu
Wena i-dipnoic noma i-lungfish yiqembu lezinhlanzi zekilasi umagazine, lapho izinhlanzi ezinayo amaphiko alobolile noma ayinyama.
Ubudlelwano bentela ye-lungfish nezinye izinhlanzi kudala impikiswano enkulu nokuphikisana phakathi kwabaphenyi. Uma, njengoba kukholwa, ukuhlukaniswa kwamanje kulungile, lezi zilwane kufanele zihlobene kakhulu neqembu lezilwane (iTetrapodomorpha) elenze ama-vertebrate wamanje we-tetrapod.
ziyaziwa njengamanje izinhlobo eziyisithupha ze-lungfish, aqoqelwe emindenini emibili, i-lepidosirenidae ne-Ceratodontidae. I-Lepidosirenids ihlelwe yaba imikhakha emibili, iProtopterus, e-Afrika, nezinhlobo ezine eziphilayo, kanye nohlobo lweLepidosiren eNingizimu Melika, enohlobo olulodwa. Umndeni waseCerantodontidae unohlobo olulodwa kuphela, e-Australia, I-Neoceratodusfosteri, okuyinhlanzi yamaphaphu ephila kakhulu kunayo yonke.
Izinhlanzi zamaphaphu: izici
Njengoba sishilo, i-lungfish inayo amaphiko ama-lobe, futhi ngokungafani nezinye izinhlanzi, umgogodla ufinyelela ekugcineni komzimba, lapho wakha khona amafolda amabili esikhumba asebenza njengamaphiko.
Banayo amaphaphu amabili asebenzayo njengabantu abadala. Lezi zitholakala odongeni lwangaphakathi ekupheleni kwepharynx. Ngaphezu kwamaphaphu, zinezifo, kepha zenza kuphela amaphesenti ama-2 okuphefumula kwesilwane esikhulile. Phakathi nezigaba zesibungu, lezi zinhlanzi ziphefumula ngenxa yezifo zazo.
Banayo izimboboikhala, kepha abazisebenzisi ukuthola umoya, esikhundleni salokho bane- umsebenziolfactory. Umzimba wayo umbozwe izikali ezincane kakhulu ezifakwe esikhunjeni.
Lezi zinhlanzi zihlala amanzi angajulile ezwekazi futhi, ngenkathi eyomile, zingena obumbeni, zingene kohlobo lwe ukulala ubusika bonkenoma ukukhathala. Zimboza imilomo yazo "ngesivalo" sobumba esinembobo encane okungangena ngayo umoya odingekayo ekuphefumuleni. Ziyizilwane ezi-oviparous, kanti owesilisa uphethe ukunakekela inzalo.
Inhlanzi yamaphaphu: ukuphefumula
Izinhlanzi zamaphaphu amaphaphu amabili futhi ufake uhlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi olunamasekethe amabili. Lamaphaphu anemiqengqelo eminingi kanye nokwahlukanisa okwenyusa indawo yokushintshisana ngegesi, futhi anemithambo yegazi kakhulu.
Ukuphefumula, lezi zinhlanzi sukuma phezulu, ukuvula umlomo nokwandisa umgodi womlomo, kuphoqa umoya ukuthi ungene. Bese bevala imilomo yabo, bacindezele umgodi womlomo, bese umoya udlula ungene emgodini wamaphaphu wangaphakathi kakhulu. Ngenkathi umlomo kanye nomgogodla wangaphakathi wamaphaphu uhlala uvaliwe, umgogodla wangemva uyavumelana futhi uphefumule umoya ophefumulelwe umoya wangaphambilini, udedele lo moya uphume opercles (lapho amagill atholakala kakhulu enhlanzini ephefumula amanzi). Lapho umoya usuphumile, igumbi langaphakathi liyasayina futhi livuleke, livumele umoya ukuthi udlule uye egumbini elingaphandle, lapho ukushintshaniswa kwegesi. Okulandelayo, bona i- inhlanzi yamaphaphu, izibonelo kanye nencazelo yezinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu.
IPiramboia
IPhiramidi (Indida yeLepidosiren) ingenye ye-lungfishes, isatshalaliswa kuzo zonke izindawo zemifula e-Amazon nakwezinye izingxenye zeNingizimu Melika. Ukubukeka kufana nokwenkemba, futhi ngaphezu kwemitha ubude.
Ihlala emanzini angajulile futhi angcono amile. Lapho ihlobo liza nesomiso, le nhlanzi wakhe umgodi ebumbeni ukugcina umswakama, kushiya izimbobo ukuvumela ukuphefumula kwamaphaphu.
I-African lungfish
O I-Protopterus ixhuma ingenye yezinhlobo zezinhlanzi zamaphaphu hlala e-afrika. Iphinde yakhiwa njenge-eel, yize amaphiko kakhulu yinde futhi iyintambo. Ihlala emazweni asentshonalanga nasenkabeni ye-Afrika, kepha futhi nesifunda esithile esisempumalanga.
Le nhlanzi ine imikhuba yasebusuku futhi emini ihlala ifihlekile phakathi kohlaza lwasemanzini. Ngesikhathi sesomiso, zimba umgodi lapho zingena zibheka khona ukuze umlomo uhlale uthintana nomoya. Uma izinga lamanzi lehla ngaphansi komgodi wabo, baqala khipha amafinyila ukugcina umswakama emzimbeni wakho.
I-Australian lungfish
I-Australian lungfish (Neoceratodus forsteri) uhlala eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeQueensland, e-Australia, emfuleni iBurnett noMary. Akukahlolwa yi-IUCN, ngakho-ke isimo sokongiwa kwemvelo asaziwa, kodwa kunjalo ivikelwe yisivumelwano se-CITES.
Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlanzi zamaphaphu, i- Neoceratodus forsteriunephaphu elilodwa kuphela, ngakho-ke ayikwazi nje ukuncika ekuphefumuleni komoya. Le nhlanzi ihlala ekujuleni komfula, icashe emini futhi ihambe kancane inqamule phansi udaka ebusuku. Yizilwane ezinkulu, ezinamamitha angaphezu kweyodwa ngobudala futhi ngaphezu kwamakhilogremu angama-40 yesisindo.
Lapho izinga lamanzi lehla ngenxa yesomiso, lezi lungfishes zihlala ezansi, njengoba zinephaphu elilodwa kuphela futhi futhi zidinga ukwenza ukuphefumula kwamanzi ngokusebenzisa ama-gill.
Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- Izinhlanzi zamaphaphu: izici nezibonelo, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu se-Curiosities somhlaba wezilwane.