-Delile
- lapho kuhlala khona ibhere elimhlophe
- Izici zePolar Bear
- ukondla ibhele elisendaweni emhlophe
- isimilo sebhere le-polar
- Ukulondolozwa kwePolar Bear
- Izintshisakalo
O Ibhele elimhlophe noma ulwandle ursus, obeye aziwe njengo Ibhele elihlala kwiqhwa, iyisilwane esihlasela kakhulu i-Arctic. Kuyisilwane esincelisayo esidla inyama yomndeni wamabhere futhi, ngokungangabazeki, siyisilwane esikhulu kunazo zonke esidla inyama emhlabeni.
Ngaphandle kokwehluka kwabo okusobala emzimbeni nebhere elinsundu, iqiniso ukuthi babelana ngezici ezinkulu zofuzo ezingavumela, esimweni sokucabanga, ukuzala kanye nenzalo evundile yazo zombili lezi zinhlobo. Noma kunjalo, kufanele sikugcizelele ukuthi ziyizinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, ngenxa yokwehluka kokuziphatha nokwakheka komzimba nokuziphatha komphakathi. Njengokhokho webhere elimhlophe, siqokomisa Ursus Maritimus Tyrannus, i-subspecies enkulu. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngalesi silwane esihle, ungaphuthelwa leli shidi lePeritoIzilwane, lapho sikhuluma khona nge- Izici zebhere le-polar futhi sabelana ngezithombe ezinhle.
Umthombo
- Melika
- I-Asia
- ECanada
- IDenmark
- I-U.S
- ENorway
- ERussia
lapho kuhlala khona ibhere elimhlophe
O indawo yokuhlala yebhere elimnyama zingama-iceshi ahlala njalo esembozo se-polar, amanzi aneqhwa azungeze ama-icebergs, namathafa aqhekekile amashalofu eqhwa e-Arctic. Kunabantu abayisithupha abathile kwiplanethi abalandelayo:
- Imiphakathi yase-Western Alaska ne-Wrangel Island, yomibili ingeyaseRussia.
- ENyakatho ye-Alaska.
- ECanada sithola ama-60% esamba senani lama-polar bear specimens emhlabeni.
- IGreenland, Isifunda Esizimele SaseGreenland.
- Isiqhingi saseSvalbard, esaseNorway.
- Izwe likaFrancis Joseph noma iFritjof Nansen iziqhingi, futhi naseRussia.
- ESiberia.
Izici zePolar Bear
Ibhere elisendaweni emhlophe, kanye nebhere i-Kodiak, yizinhlobo ezinkulu kunazo zonke phakathi kwamabhere. uma ufuna ukwazi isisindo sebhere elisendaweni emhlophe sikala malini, abesilisa idlula ama-500 kg ngesisindo, yize kunemibiko yezibonelo ezinesisindo esingaphezu kuka-1000 kg, okungukuthi, ngaphezu kwetoni elilodwa. Abesifazane banesisindo esingaphezudlwana kwengxenye kwesabesilisa, futhi bangalinganisa amamitha amabili ubude. Abesilisa bafinyelela kumamitha angu-2.60.
Isakhiwo sebhere lasendaweni emhlophe, yize sikhulu nje, sincane kunesesihlobo saso, amabhere ansundu namnyama. Ikhanda lalo lincane kakhulu futhi linamathele ngasesifubeni kunezinye izinhlobo zebhere. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zinamehlo amancane, amnyama futhi acwebezelayo njengejethi, kanye nephunga elizwelayo elinamandla amakhulu kakhulu. izindlebe zincane, uboya futhi uyindilinga kakhulu. Lokhu kumiswa kobuso okucaciswe kakhulu kungenxa yesisusa esiphindwe kabili: ukufihla kanye nethuba lokugwema ngangokunokwenzeka ukulahleka kokushisa komzimba ngokusebenzisa izitho zobuso ezishiwo.
Ngenxa yejazi leqhwa elimboze umzimba omkhulu webhere elimhlophe, lihlangana neqhwa eliyindawo yalo yokuhlala, futhi ngenxa yalokho, indawo yalo yokuzingela. sibonga lokhu sifihle ephelele, ikhasa inqamula eqhweni ukuze isondele ngangokunokwenzeka kwizimpawu ezineminwe, okuyizisulu zayo ezivame kakhulu.
Ukuqhubeka nezimpawu zebhere elisendaweni emhlophe, singasho ukuthi ngaphansi kwesikhumba, ibhere elimhlophe line- ungqimba olujiyile lwamafutha ekuhlukanisa ngokuphelele neqhwa namanzi aneqhwa e-arctic lapho uhamba khona, ubhukuda futhi futhi uzingela. Imilenze yebhere elimhlophe ithuthuke kakhulu kunaleyo yamanye amabhere, njengoba yathuthuka yahamba amakhilomitha amaningi eqhweni elibabazekayo futhi yabhukuda amabanga amade.
ukondla ibhele elisendaweni emhlophe
Ibhere elimhlophe londla ikakhulukazi ngezibonelo ezincane ezivela izimpawu uphawu, isisulu esizingela ngokungacaci eqhweni noma ngaphansi kwamanzi ngendlela ehlukile.
ibhere elisendaweni emhlophe kunezindlela ezimbili ezijwayelekile zokuzingela: ngomzimba wakhe useduze nomhlabathi, usondela ngangokunokwenzeka ngophawu oluhlala eqhweni, uvuka ngokungazelelwe futhi ngemuva kokugijima isikhashana, wethula isiteleka esivuthayo kuzipho logebhezi, olugcina ngokuluma. ku intamo. Olunye uhlobo lokuzingela, futhi olujwayeleke kakhulu kunakho konke, luqukethe ukulunguza nge-vent vent. Lezi zindawo eziyizigaxa ziyizimbobo ezenziwa yizimpawu olwandle eqhweni ukuze ziphume futhi ziphefumule ngesikhathi sokudoba kwazo emanzini ambozwe yiqhwa. Lapho uphawu lukhipha ikhala lalo emanzini ukuze liphefumule, ibhere lishaya ngesihluku eliphihliza ugebhezi lwesilwane. Futhi isebenzisa le ndlela ukwenza ukuzingela belugas (ama-cetaceans asolwandle ahlobene namahlengethwa).
Amabhere asePolar nawo ayathola uphawu pups kufihlwe emabhalweni embiwa ngaphansi kweqhwa. Lapho bethola indawo eqondile besebenzisa umuzwa wabo wokuhogela, baziphonsa ngawo wonke amandla abo ophahleni olufriziwe lomhhume lapho kucashe khona ithole, bawele phezu kwalo. Ngesikhathi sasehlobo baphinde bazingele ama-reindeer ne-caribou, noma ngisho nezinyoni namaqanda ezindaweni zokwakha izidleke.
Ngemininingwane engaphezulu, ungaphuthelwa le ndatshana yokuthi ibhere lasezindaweni eziphakeme lisinda kanjani emakhazeni.
isimilo sebhere le-polar
ibhere elisendaweni emhlophe ayifihli ubusika bonke njengoba kwenza ezinye izinhlobo zazo. Amabhere amhlophe aqoqa amafutha phakathi nobusika futhi awalahle ehlobo ukupholisa imizimba yawo. Ngesikhathi sokuzala, abesifazane abadli ukudla, balahlekelwa kuze kube yingxenye yesisindo somzimba wabo.
Ngokuqondene ne ukuzalanisa ibhere elimhlophe, phakathi kwezinyanga zika Ephreli nango-may yisikhathi kuphela lapho abesifazane bebekezelela abesilisa, ngenxa yokushisa kwabo. Ngaphandle kwalesi sikhathi, ukuziphatha phakathi kwabobulili obubili kunobutha. Amanye amabhere enduna angamazimuzimu futhi angadla amawundlu noma amanye amabhere.
Ukulondolozwa kwePolar Bear
Ngeshwa, ibhere le-polar lisengozini enkulu yokuqothulwa ngenxa yesici somuntu. Ngemuva kokuvela iminyaka engaphezu kwezigidi ezine, okwamanje kulinganiselwa ukuthi kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi lolu hlobo lunganyamalala maphakathi naleli khulu leminyaka. Ukungcoliswa kukawoyela kanye nokuguquka kwesimo sezulu kusongela kakhulu lezi zilwane ezinhle kakhulu, okuyizilwane eziphikisayo okuwukuphela kwazo ngabantu.
Inkinga enkulu okwamanje ehlushwa yibhere lasezindaweni ezibandayo umphumela odalwe yi ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu esimisweni sayo semvelo. Ukwanda kancane kancane kwamazinga okushisa oLwandle i-Arctic kubangela ncibilikisa ngokushesha kweqhwa lase-Arctic (indawo ebanzi yeqhwa elintantayo) okuyindawo yokuzingela yebhere elisendaweni emhlophe. Lokhu kuncibilika ngaphambi kwesikhathi kubangela amabhere ukuthi angakwazi ukwakha izitolo zamafutha ezidingekayo ukuze kuguqulwe kahle isizini kuye kwesizini. Leli qiniso linomthelela ekuvundeni kwalezi zinhlobo, ezikhathini zamuva kwehle cishe ngo-15%.
Enye inkinga ukungcoliswa kwemvelo yayo (ikakhulukazi uwoyela), njengoba i-Arctic iyindawo ecebile kule nsiza engcolisayo nephelile. Zombili lezi zinkinga ziholela emabhere asezindaweni ezibandayo agasele ezindaweni zokuhlala kwabantu ukuze ondle udoti okhiqizwa izakhamuzi zawo. Kuyadabukisa ukuthi ukuba yisidlakela njengalesi silwane esinamandla kakhulu kuphoqeleka ukuba siphile ngale ndlela ngesenzo somuntu esiyingozi emvelweni.
Izintshisakalo
- Eqinisweni, amabhere we-polar ungabi noboya obumhlophe. Uboya bazo buyakhanya, futhi umphumela we-optical uzenza zibonakale zimhlophe njengeqhwa ebusika kanye nezindlovu eziningi ehlobo. Lezi zinwele zingenalutho futhi zigcwele umoya ngaphakathi, okuqinisekisa ukufuthwa okukhulu kokushisa, okulungele ukuhlala esimweni sezulu esibi se-Arctic.
- Uboya bebhere elimhlophe bungumnyama, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ibambe kangcono imisebe yelanga.
- Amabhere amhlophe awawaphuzi amanzi, ngoba amanzi endawo yawo anosawoti futhi ane-asidi. Bathola uketshezi oludingekayo egazini lezisulu zabo.
- Isikhathi sokuphila samabhere asezindaweni eziphakathi nendawo siphakathi kweminyaka engama-30 nengama-40.