Izilwane eziyi-15 zisongelwa ngokuqothulwa eBrazil

Umlobi: John Stephens
Usuku Lokudalwa: 28 Ujanuwari 2021
Ukuvuselela Usuku: 20 Unovemba 2024
Anonim
Ivone Silva Ex Mae De Santo Testemunho
Ividiyo: Ivone Silva Ex Mae De Santo Testemunho

-Delile

IBrazil ingelinye lamazwe anezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zezinto eziphilayo ezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane nezitshalo zalo. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi phakathi kuka-10 no-15% wazo zonke izinhlobo zomhlaba kuhlala ezindaweni zemvelo zaseBrazil. Kodwa-ke, izwe laseNingizimu Melika linezilwane ezingaphezu kwe-1,150 ezisengozini yokuqothulwa, okusho ukuthi ezingaphezu kuka I-9.5% yezilwane zisesimweni sengozi noma sengozini okwamanje.

Kule ndatshana kaPeritoAnimal, sethula Izilwane eziyi-15 zisongelwa ngokuqothulwa eBrazil, ezigqame ngokuba yizinhlobo eziyizifanekiselo zezilwane zaseBrazil futhi abantu bazo asebenze inqubo ebucayi yokwehla emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuzingela nokugawulwa kwamahlathi endaweni yabo yemvelo. Qhubeka ufunde!


Amagama ezilwane ezisengozini yokuqothulwa eBrazil

Lolu uhlu olune- Amagama ayi-15 ezilwane ezisengozini yokuqothulwa eBrazil. Kwezinye izigaba uzobona incazelo ephelele yesilwane ngasinye, kanye nezizathu zokuthi kungani zisengcupheni yokuqothulwa.

  1. Ihlengethwa elibomvana;
  2. Impisi yaseGuara;
  3. U-Otter;
  4. Isikhunta esimnyama;
  5. UJacutinga;
  6. Isihlabathi grenadier;
  7. INyakatho yeMuriqui;
  8. Umqhumbuzi Ophuzi;
  9. Isigaxa seLeaf;
  10. Ufudu lwesikhumba;
  11. Ibhola le-Armadillo;
  12. Uakari;
  13. ICerrado bat;
  14. I-Golden Lion tamarin;
  15. I-Jaguar.

Izilwane eziyi-15 ezisengcupheni yokuqothulwa eBrazil

Ngokwe-Taxonomic Catalog of Species yaseBrazil, eyenziwa ngesinyathelo soMnyango Wezemvelo, nxazonke Izinhlobo eziyi-116,900 yezilwane ezinomgogodla nezingenamqolo ezakha izilwane zaseBrazil. Kepha, njengoba sishilo kwisingeniso, cishe U-10% wezinhlobo zezilwane ezisengcupheni yokuqothulwa eBrazil.


Izilwane ezisengcupheni yokuqothulwa eBrazil zihlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu ezilandelayo, kuya ngesimo sazo sokongiwa kwemvelo: zisengozini, zisengozini noma zibucayi. Ngokusobala, izinhlobo ezisengozini ebucayi yilezo ezisengcupheni yokunyamalala futhi zidinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha kuziphathimandla, izinhlelo ezizimele nezinhlangano ezingenzi nzuzo ezinezenzo zokuvikela.

Ngokuya ngokuhlolwa okwenziwe phakathi kuka-2010 no-2014 yiChico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio), kanye noMnyango Wezemvelo, Ihlathi i-Atlantic yi-biome ethinteka kakhulu emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, nezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-1,050 ezisengozini yokuqothulwa. Lezi zifundo ziveza nokuthi, phakathi kwezilwane ezinomgogodla ezisengozini yokuqothulwa eBrazil, kunezilwane ezincelisayo ezingaba ngu-110, izinyoni ezingama-230, izilwane ezinwabuzelayo ezingama-80, ama-amphibiya angama-40 kanye nezinhlanzi ezingaphezu kuka-400 ezisongelwayo (zasolwandle nezwekazi).


Uma sibheka lezi zinombolo eziphakeme futhi ezidabukisayo, kusobala ukuthi ngeke sisondele ngisho ekukhulumeni zonke izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezisongelwayo emvelweni yaseBrazil. Kodwa-ke, senze umzamo omkhulu wokukhetha izilwane eziyi-15 ezisengozini yokuqothulwa eBrazil ezigqame ngokuba yizo izilwane ezijwayelekile eBrazil noma ezikhona ezweni. Ngemuva kwale ncazelo emfushane, singadlulela ohlwini lwethu lwezilwane ezisengozini.

ihlengethwa elibomvana

O Ihlengethwa elibomvana lase-Amazon (I-Inia geoffrensis), eyaziwa ngokuthi ihlengethwa elibomvana eBrazil, yiyona ihlengethwa elikhulu lamanzi angenasawoti zomhlaba, obonakala ngombala obomvana wesikhumba sawo. Ngokwesiko lesintu laseBrazil, kunenganekwane eyaziwayo ukuthi la ma-cetaceans ayesebenzisa ubuhle bawo obukhulu ukuheha abesifazane abasebasha, abangashadile esifundeni sase-Amazon.

Ngeshwa, ihlengethwa elibomvana liphakathi kwezilwane ezisengozini enkulu yokuqothulwa eBrazil, ngoba inani labantu lakhona kwehle ngaphezu kwama-50% eminyakeni engama-30 edlule, ikakhulu ngenxa yokudoba nokwakhiwa kwezitshalo eziphehla ugesi ophehlwa ngamanzi emizimbeni yamanzi emifula i-Amazon.

Impisi yaseGuara

O Impisi yaseGuara (I-Chrysocyon brachyurus) kanye ne- canid enkulu kunazo zonke evela eNingizimu Melika, ikakhulukazi abahlala esifundeni sePampas kanye namachibi amakhulu aseBrazil (iPantanal yaseBrazil edumile). Ibonakala ngomzimba wayo omude, omncane, onemigqa enezitayela ezinhle, nombala onsundu ngokubomvu emilenzeni (cishe njalo iba mnyama). Ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi kwendawo yokuhlala nokuzingela kuyizinsongo ezinkulu ekusindeni kwalesi silwane.

otter

THE otter (Pteronura brasiliensis), edume kakhulu ngokuthi impisi yomfula, yisilwane esincelisayo sasemanzini samanzi ahlanzekile, esaziwa njenge-otter enkulu futhi siphakathi kwezilwane eziyi-15 ezisongelwa ngokuqothulwa eBrazil. Indawo yayo engokwemvelo isuka esifundeni i-Amazon iye ePantanal yaseBrazil, kepha abantu bayo banciphe kakhulu ngenxa ukungcoliswa kwamanzi (ikakhulu ngezinsimbi ezisindayo njenge-mercury), ukudoba nokuzingela okungekho emthethweni.

i-cushy emnyama

O isihlalo esimnyama (usathane chiropots) luhlobo lwenkawu encane, edabuka e-Amazon, ehlala ikakhulukazi ehlathini lemvula laseBrazil i-Amazon. Ukubukeka kwakhe kugqame kakhulu, hhayi kuphela ngoboya bakhe obumnyama ngokuphelele futhi obucwebezelayo, kepha nangenxa yezinwele ezinde, ezijiyile ezakha uhlobo lwentshebe nomkhonto ekhanda lakhe, okwenza zingalokothi zingabonakali.

Njengamanje kubhekwe kufayela le- isimo esibucayi sengozi yokuqothulwa, njengoba ukusinda kwabo kusongelwa ukusweleka kokudla okubangelwa ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi, ukuzingelwa nokushushumbiswa ngokungemthetho kwezinhlobo ezingaphandle.

jacutinga

THE jacutinga(Aburria jacutinga) Luhlobo lwe inyoni ehlala njalo e-Brazilian Atlantic Forest ebuye ibe phakathi kwezilwane eziyi-15 ezisengcupheni yokuqothulwa eBrazil. Izimpaphe zayo ikakhulukazi zimnyama, ezinye zinezimpaphe ezimhlophe noma ezinokhilimu ezinhlangothini, esifubeni nasekhanda.

Uqhwaku lwayo lungahle lube ne-tinge eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi isici salo esincane esinezici ezimbili sikhombisa inhlanganisela ye- okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okujulile nokubomvu. Namuhla, lena ingenye yezinyoni ezisengozini enkulu yokuqothulwa emvelweni yaseBrazil futhi isivele inyamalale ezindaweni eziningi ezisenyakatho-mpumalanga naseningizimu-mpumalanga yezwe.

isihlabathi grenadier

THE isigezane sesihlabathi (Liolaemus lutzae) uhlobo lwesibankwa kugcwele esifundazweni saseRio de Janeiro. Igama laso elidumile livela endaweni yalo yemvelo, etholakala emapheshaneni esihlabathi anwebeka kulo lonke ugu lwaseRio de Janeiro, cishe ngamakhilomitha angama-200 ubude.

Ngokwanda kwamadolobha okunganqandeki kanye nokungcola okuqhubekayo kwamabhishi aseRio, ukusinda kwalezi zibankwa kube yinto engenakwenzeka. Eqinisweni, kulinganiselwa ukuthi I-80% yabantu bayo isinyamalele kanti izibankwa zesihlabathi ziphakathi kwezilwane ezisengcupheni yokuqothulwa eBrazil ezibhekwa njengezisesimweni esibucayi.

ENyakatho Muriqui

EBrazil, igama "muriqui"kusetshenziselwa ukuqamba izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinkawu izilwane ezincane nezisemaphakathi ezihlala emvelweni embozwe yiHlathi lase-Atlantic futhi ngokuvamile ziyizilwane ezijwayelekile zaseBrazil.

O inyakatho muriqui (Ama-Brachyteles hypoxanthus), eyaziwa nangokuthi i-mono-carvoeiro, ivelele ngokuba yi- I-primate enkulu ehlala ezwenikazi laseMelika kanye nokuba phakathi kwezilwane eziyi-15 ezisengozini yokuqothulwa eBrazil, lapho ihlala khona kakhulu. Isimo salo sokongiwa kwemvelo saba kuthathwa njengokugxekayo emashumini eminyaka amuva nje ngenxa yokuzingela ngokungakhethi, ukungabi bikho komthetho osebenzayo wokuvikela lolu hlobo kanye nokuqothulwa kwamahlathi okunamandla okuqhubeka nokwenzeka endaweni yayo yemvelo.

Umqhumbuzi Ophuzi

O umuthi wokhuni ophuzi (UCeleus flavus subflavus), njengoba ibizwa kanjalo eBrazil, iyinyoni ebaluleke kakhulu ku- isiko elidumile, njengoba yagqugquzela umsebenzi odumile wezincwadi zezingane nentsha obizwa nge- "Sitio do pica-pau Amarelo", eyabhalwa nguMonteiro Lobato futhi yaguqulelwa ithelevishini nesinema ngempumelelo enkulu.

Le yinyoni ejwayelekile evela eBrazil, ngokwemvelo efana kakhulu nezinye izinhlobo zomqhumbuzi, kodwa ivelele ngokuba nezimpaphe eziningi. Okuphuzi. Ingesinye sezilwane eziyi-15 ezisongelwa ngokuqothulwa eBrazil, njengoba kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu ababalelwa ku-250 kuphela abasasele namuhla futhi indawo ehlala kuyo isongelwa ukuqedwa kwamahlathi nemililo.

iqabunga lamacembe

O iqabunga lamacembe (I-Proceratophrys sanctaritae) ngu Izinhlobo eziphilayo zaseBrazil, kwatholakala ku-2010 eSerra de Timbó, esifundeni saseBahia, esifundeni esisenyakatho-mpumalanga yezwe. Ukubukeka kwaso kuyamangalisa kakhulu, nomzimba osesimweni esifana ncamashi neqabunga futhi ikakhulukazi unombala onsundu noma ohlaza okotshani, okwenza kube lula ukufihla imvelo yayo.

Ngeshwa, kanye nokutholakala kwayo, isimo sayo esibucayi sokongiwa kwemvelo satholakala, ngoba bambalwa kakhulu abantu abakwaziyo ukumelana nalokho ukushoda kokudla okubangelwa ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi ukuthi indawo yayo yokuhlala ibisenkingeni yokudala amasimu amasha e-cocoa kanye nobhanana, kanye nokwandiswa kokufuywa kwezinkomo.

Ufudu lwesikhumba

THE ufudu lwesikhumba (I-Dermochelys coriacea), eyaziwa nangokuthi i-giant turtle noma i-keel turtle, iyinhlobo enkulu kakhulu yofudu lwasolwandle emhlabeni futhi ihlala olwandle olushisayo nolufudumele ezwenikazi laseMelika. EBrazil, lezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo zisondela ogwini lwase-Espírito Santo minyaka yonke ukuze zizale futhi ziqhubeke nokuba njalo izisulu zokuzingela ngokungemthetho, ngaphandle kwemizamo yezinhlangano ezivikelayo nezinhlelo.

Kwamanye amazwe, ukusetshenziswa kwenyama yabo, amaqanda kanye no-oyela akugcini ngokuvunyelwa kuphela, kodwa futhi kuyimikhiqizo yenani eliphakeme emakethe. Lokhu kukhuthaza ukubanjwa nokuzingelwa ngokungakhethi futhi kwenza kube nzima ukuvikela lolu hlobo. Ngeshwa, i-leatherback iku- isimo esibucayi sokongiwa kwemvelo, njengamanje engesinye sezilwane ezisengozini kakhulu eBrazil.

ibhola le-armadillo

O ibhola le-armadillo (I-Tricinctus typeype) luhlobo lwe-armadillo olukhona enyakatho-mpumalanga yeBrazil, oluthola ukuqashelwa umhlaba wonke ngemuva kokukhethwa njenge-mascot esemthethweni yeNdebe Yomhlaba wonke yeFIFA ngo-2014. esinye sezilwane esivumelaniswe kangcono nesifunda esomile kunazo zonke ezweni, iCaatinga.

Ngaphandle kokumelana kwayo okukhulu nokuzivumelanisa nezimo, inani le-armadillo lehliswe cishe ngesigamu emashumini amabili eminyaka edlule, ngenxa yokuzingela nokudliwa komhlaba kanye nokungcola kwendawo yayo yemvelo.

uacari

O uacari (Hosomi cacajao) ngesinye isizumbulu esidabuka esifundeni sase-Amazon ngeshwa phakathi kwezilwane eziyi-15 ezisongelwa ngokuqothulwa eBrazil. Kubonakala ngosayizi ophakathi nendawo, ubuso obuncane ngamehlo amakhulu aqhakazile nezinwele ezimnyama ezinokugqama okubomvu.

Kwaphela amakhulu eminyaka, lolu hlobo luhlala emazweni omdabu ezinhlanga zeYanomami, zihlala ngokuvumelana namalungu azo. Kodwa-ke, i- ukuncishiswa kwezinqolobane zomdabu, ukuzingela okungekho emthethweni okuhloswe ngakho ukushushumbisa izinhlobo zezinhlobo zabantu kanye nokugawulwa kwamahlathi kusongele ukusinda kwazo emashumini eminyaka amuva nje kanti namuhla izinkawu uacari zisesimweni esibucayi sokongiwa kwemvelo.

savannah bat

O savannah bat (Lonchophylla dekeyseri), njengoba kwaziwa kanjalo eBrazil, kungenye yezinhlobo ezincane kakhulu zamalulwane ahlala ezwenikazi laseMelika, enesisindo esingama-gramu ayi-10 kuye kwayi-12 futhi iphakathi kwezilwane ezinemikhuba yobusuku.

Lesi silwane sigcwele i-cerrado yaseBrazil, lapho ihlala ikakhulu emihumeni nasemigodini izifunda ngobukhona behlathi lase-Atlantic. Ngaphezu kokugawulwa kwamahlathi nokucekelwa phansi kwemvelo, ukungabi bikho kwengqalasizinda nenhlangano yezokuvakasha ehlonipha izilwane nezitshalo zomdabu nakho kungezinye izinsongo ezinkulu ekusindeni kwazo.

I-Golden Lion tamarin

O I-Golden Lion tamarin (I-Leontopithecus rosalia), njengoba ibizwa kanjalo eBrazil, yizinhlobo ezimelele kakhulu zezingonyama tamarin zezilwane zaseBrazil, futhi wacishe wanyamalala sibonga ukuzingelwa ngokungakhethi ngokushushumbiswa kwezinhlobo ezingaphandle kanye nokugawulwa kwamahlathi endaweni yazo yemvelo

Isimo sabo saba sibi kakhulu kangangokuba abamele bokugcina bezinhlobo balinganiselwa izinqolobane zemvelo ezincane wesifundazwe saseRio de Janeiro. Ngokwakhiwa nokukhula kwamaphrojekthi nezinhlelo zokuvikela, kulinganiselwa ukuthi kuzokwazi ukuthola kancane kancane ingxenye yabantu bayo ezweni. Kodwa-ke, okwamanje, i-golden lion tamarin ihlala phakathi kwe izilwane ezisengozini yokuqothuka ezinobungozi obukhulu.

I-Jaguar

amahle I-Jaguar (i-panthera onca) kanye ne- ikati elikhulu kunawo wonke ahlala emvelweni yaseMelika, owaziwa nangokuthi i-jaguar eBrazil. Ekuqaleni, lezi zilwane zazithathe cishe wonke ama-biomes aseBrazil, kepha ukuzingela, ukuqhubeka kwemisebenzi yezolimo kanye nokugawulwa kwamahlathi endaweni yazo kwabangela ukwehla okukhulu kwabantu babo.

Izinwele zabo zihlala zinenani eliphakeme lezimakethe futhi kusesejwayelekile ukuthi abanikazi bomhlaba babulale lezi zinqola ukuze bavikele imfuyo yabo, njengoba benza ngama-puma. Kukho konke lokho, i-jaguar isengcupheni yokuqothulwa eBrazil futhi isimo sayo sokongiwa sikhulu kakhulu ezibucayi emazweni angomakhelwane, njenge-Argentina neParaguay, lapho uhlobo lukhona sesizophela.

Ngabe iHyacinth Macaw ingenye yezilwane ezisengcupheni yokuqothulwa eBrazil?

Ngemuva kwempumelelo enkulu yefilimu egqwayizayo "iRio", kwaqubuka izingxabano kanye nemibuzo mayelana nesimo sokongiwa kwe-hyacinth macaw, njengoba yaziwa kanjalo eBrazil. Kepha ngaphambi kokwazi ukuthi lezi zinyoni ezinhle zisongelwa ngokuqedwa yini eBrazil, kufanele sicacise umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu.

É Kuvamile ukubiza izinhlobo ezine ezihlukene zama-hyacinth macaws, okwezinhlobo Anodorhynchus (lapho kutholakala khona izinhlobo ezintathu kwezingu-4) futhi Cyanopsitta, ezigqama ngokuba nezimpaphe ngokuphelele noma ikakhulukazi ngemithunzi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zaletha ukudideka lapho kukhulunywa ngesimo sokongiwa kwe-hyacinth macaw.

Kepha uma sikhuluma nge-hyacinth macaw ethandwa kakhulu, sibhekisa ezinhlotsheni ze-Cyanopsitta spixii, ezilingisa ku-movie "Rio". Njengamanje, lolu hlobo lukhona zingasekho emvelweni, njengoba kungasekho abantu abahlala ngokukhululeka endaweni yabo yemvelo. Izinhlobo zokugcina ezisindile (ezingaphansi kuka-100) zenziwa ngendlela elawulwayo ekuthunjweni futhi zivikelwe yimizamo efuna ukubuyisa inani le-hyacinth macaw lezilwane zaseBrazil. Kodwa-ke, akulungile ukusho ukuthi lolu hlobo lwanyamalala, idatha esingayizwa ngonyaka we-2018.

Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- Izilwane eziyi-15 zisongelwa ngokuqothulwa eBrazil, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu sezilwane ezisengozini.