Otitis emakati

Umlobi: John Stephens
Usuku Lokudalwa: 26 Ujanuwari 2021
Ukuvuselela Usuku: 20 Unovemba 2024
Anonim
Otitis Media: Anatomy, Pathophysiology, Risk Factors, Types of OM, Symptoms and Treatment, Animation
Ividiyo: Otitis Media: Anatomy, Pathophysiology, Risk Factors, Types of OM, Symptoms and Treatment, Animation

-Delile

Uyakholelwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ikati lakho linezifo ezindlebeni? Ngabe unawo umqondo wezimpawu zalesi sifo futhi ezithinta ama-felines? Ziyini izimbangela, kungabandakanya miphi imiphumela nokwelashwa?

Lokhu ukuvuvukala endlebeni, okuvame kakhulu kubantu, nakho kwenzeka phakathi kwama-fining futhi kufanele sibheke izimpawu zalesi sifo kozakwethu. Ikakhulu ngoba ukutheleleka phakathi kwezilwane kulula kakhulu. Uma unentshisekelo yokwazi konke mayelana i-otitis emakati, funda le ndatshana ngabakwaPeritoAnimal ngokucophelela futhi usize isilwane sakho ukuthi siphinde sithole impilo.

Yini i-Otitis Emakati

I-Otitis yiyona ukuvuvukala i-epithelium efaka umsele wendlebe ne-pinna. Lokhu kuvuvukala kuvame ukudala ubuhlungu nokulahlekelwa ukuzwa kwesikhashana, phakathi kwezinye izinto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ihambisana nezinye izimpawu eziningi ezenza ikwazi ukubonakala kalula futhi esizoyichaza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.


I-Otitis emakati ivame ukwenzeka lapho ama-fining enokuzivikela okuphansi ngasizathu simbe, okungadala ukutheleleka endlebeni emakati. Kufakazelwe ukuthi izikhathi zonyaka lapho kuvela khona i-otitis ziyintwasahlobo nehlobo ngenxa yokwanda kwezinga lokushisa nomswakama emvelweni. Ukutheleleka kokunye okungenzeka kubhekele i-otitis, njengezibungu zezindlebe, kwenzeka nge oxhumana naye ngqo ngendawo egcwele noma isilwane.

Ezindlini zokukhosela, ezindaweni lapho kulawulwa khona amakoloni ekati futhi ngokujwayelekile kunoma iyiphi indawo lapho kuhlala khona amakati amaningi, lokhu kuthathelana ngokuxhumana ngqo kuvame ukwenzeka, ngoba ukulawula njalo kwawo wonke umuntu nakuzo zonke izici zempilo yabo kuhlala njalo kunzima. I-Otitis nayo ingenzeka ngaphandle kokutheleleka, okungukuthi, kusuka ifomu lesibili ukuhlukumezeka noma ukutheleleka ezindlebeni emakati okubangelwa igciwane noma ukhunta okubangelwa umzimba wangaphandle, phakathi kwezinye izimbangela.


Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokutheleleka ngezindlebe kuya ngesizathu sazo nendawo yendawo yezindlebe eyithintayo. Ngokuya ngendawo ethintekile, singayihlukanisa ibe:

  • I-otitis yangaphandle: Lesi i-otitis esivame kakhulu, kepha sibucayi futhi kulula ukwelashwa. Kuthinta indlebe yangaphandle, okusho ukuthi umsele wendlebe kusuka ephini kuya endlebeni. Uma le otitis inzima kakhulu, i-pinna iyathinteka futhi i-eardrum ingahle iqhume. Kulesi simo, ukuvuvukala kungadlulela endlebeni ephakathi, kubangele i-otitis media yesibili.
  • otitis abezindaba: Le otitis ivame ukwenzeka lapho i-otitis yangaphandle iphethwe ngokungasebenzi. Kwenzeka endaweni yendlebe ephakathi nendawo, lapho sithola khona indlebe evutha yaze yaqhuma ngenxa yesifo sokuvuvuka kwebele.
  • i-otitis yangaphakathi: Ukuvuvukala kwendlebe yangaphakathi futhi kuvame ukuvela ngenxa yokuhlukumezeka noma ukwelashwa okungalulwanga kahle kwangaphandle noma i-otitis media. Ngenxa yokujula kwayo endlebeni, yi-otitis eyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke ukuyelapha.

Ngabe kukhona okulindelwe kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lekati?

Okokuqala, siqokomisa ukuthi i-otitis emakati ngokuvamile ivame kakhulu ezinjeni kunasemakati. Kepha, empeleni, noma yimuphi umuntu angahlushwa yi-otitis futhi, ngaphakathi kwezilwane zasekhaya, sithola ezinye ezibekeke kakhulu: amakati anazo phakathi konyaka owodwa nemibili yokuphila.


ngaphezu kwe- izinwele ezinde, amakati amancane ajwayele ukuba nezinwele eziningi ezindlebeni zawo. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuthi bahlupheke ngokungenwa yizindlebe ngoba izinwele ezisezindlebeni zigcina ukungcola nomswakama omningi. amakati ahlala isikhathi esiningi ngaphandle basengozini enkulu yokuhlushwa izifo zendlebe, kufaka phakathi i-feline otitis. Kungakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uhlole ngezikhathi ezithile imisele yakho yezindlebe.

Futhi bathambekele kakhulu kule nkinga yezindlebe, kepha ngendlela yesibili, abantu abane- izivikelo eziphansi kakhulu ngenye inkinga enkulu.

Ungahle ube nentshisekelo kule enye indatshana emayelana nendlebe emakati.

Ziyini izimbangela zokutheleleka ezindlebeni?

I-Otitis emakati ingadalwa yizinto ezahlukahlukene, njengemizimba yangaphandle efakwe emgodini wezindlebe, amabhaktheriya, isikhunta (imvubelo), izimuncagazi zangaphandle ezinjengezibungu nokuhlukumezeka kule ndawo yomzimba wesilwane.

Manje sichaza izimbangela eziyinhloko ze- u-feline otitis:

  • ama-ectoparasites: Ama-ectoparasites abangela i-otitis ejwayelekile kakhulu kuma-fining yizibungu, izimuncagazi zangaphandle ezincanyana. Kodwa-ke, lapho zenzeka ngamanani amakhulu endaweni ethile zibonakala ngamehlo. Le mite ibizwa ngokuthi ama-otodectes cynotis futhi ayigcini ngokulala endlebeni lapho ihlasela isilwane, ingatholakala nasesikhunjeni sekhanda nentamo.
  • Amagciwane nesikhunta (imvubelo): Lawa ngama-microorganisms angenamagciwane abangela i-otitis yesibili. Basebenzisa izimo ezinjengomswakama owedlulele, amanzi asalayo ngemuva kokugeza okungenzeka ukuthi kushiywe endlebeni, ukuba khona kwezidumbu zangaphandle, ukuhlukumezeka, ukungezwani komzimba nokucasuka okubangelwa yimikhiqizo yokuhlanza izindlebe engafanele amakati. Amagciwane ajwayelekile kakhulu yiPasteurella multocida, iPseudomona aeruginosa, iProteus ne-E.coli. Endabeni yesikhunta, okuvame kakhulu yiMalassezia.
  • imizimba yangaphandle: Kwesinye isikhathi, ikakhulukazi esimweni samakati ahlala isikhathi eside ngaphandle kwendlu noma efulethini, singathola ezindlebeni zawo umsele ezinye izinto ezinjengamaqabunga, amagatsha nemvuthu eziba ngumzimba wangaphandle ofakwe endlebeni yekati lethu. Lo mzimba wangaphandle emseleni wezindlebe uzosihlupha kakhulu isilwane esizozama ukusisusa, imvamisa ngaphandle kwempumelelo, futhi ekugcineni sizogcina sesilimaza sishise indlebe futhi sidale i-otitis yesibili ngamagciwane noma isikhunta esinethuba. Kufanele sigweme ukukhipha umzimba wangaphandle thina uqobo, ezimweni ezithile, bese sishiya umsebenzi kudokotela wezilwane, ozokwenza lokhu ngezinto ezifanele. Leli cala le-otitis alivami kakhulu emakati kunezinja.
  • Izinkinga: Esinye isizathu esingadala i-otitis yesibili ezindlebeni zabangane bethu ukuhlukumezeka, okungukuthi, igalelo elidale umonakalo ngaphakathi futhi kulokhu ukuvuvukala namanxeba, amabhaktheriya nesikhunta kuyasizakala futhi kubangele i-otitis.

Ezinye izifo nezinkinga eziveza i-otitis yesibili

I-otitis yesibili ivame ukuvela ngenxa yalokho esixoxe ngakho phambilini, kepha futhi kungavela kwezinye izifo i-feline esivele ihlupheka ngakho-ke, ingaba luphawu lwalezi zifo. Nazi izibonelo:

  • Inkinga Ye-Keratinization Yofuzo: Lesi isici esizuzwe njengefa ekeratinization. Le nkinga yenqubo yokwenziwa kwe-keratinization ibangela ukuvuvukala kanye ne-seborrhea futhi iveza kalula i-otitis yesibili erythematous ne-ceruminous. Uma kunezinkinga, kungaholela ku-purulent otitis yesibili. Leli cala lesifo sofuzo livame ukwenzeka kaningi emakati e-Persian.
  • Ukungezwani komzimba nokuphakama kokudla: Lezi zinhlobo zokungezwani komzimba zivame kakhulu emidlwane, kodwa futhi zingavela nasezindlini ezihlala ekhaya. Bangakhiqiza i-otitis yesibili, ikakhulukazi uma lezi zinqubo zokungezwani komzimba bezikhiqize ama-dermatoses ebusweni. Kulokhu, imvamisa iyizinto ezingosomathuba: izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamagciwane, kepha ngaphezu kwayo yonke imvubelo (ukhunta) ebizwa ngeMalassezia pachydermatis.
  • Xhumana ne-hypersensitivity and reaction irritant: Amakati ngokujwayelekile azwela kakhulu emikhiqizweni nasemithini, ikakhulukazi kubahlanza izindlebe njengalawa atholakala ngamaconsi. Le mikhiqizo ivame ukudala ukucasuka okukhulu emgodini wezindlebe, okwenza kube ne-otitis yesibili. Akufanele neze sisebenzise le mikhiqizo engakhonjisiwe ukuthi isetshenziswe emakati futhi, mhlawumbe, kufanele sisebenzise lowo onconywe udokotela wezilwane wethu.
  • Izifo Zokuzivikela: Lolu hlobo lwesifo luhlotshaniswa nokulimala kwezindlebe kanye ne-otitis yangaphandle. Ngenxa yokuzivikela okuphansi ngokweqile okubangelwa yilezi zifo ezifuyweni zethu, amabhaktheriya nesikhunta bathola ithuba lokwanda futhi i-otitis yangaphandle yangaphandle yenzeka kalula. Kumele sazi ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi kube ne-FIV noma i-feline immunodeficiency virus.
  • izimila: Kunezimo emakati amakati amadala i-otitis ephindaphindwayo futhi engapheli, ngakho-ke kufanele sisole isimila, noma ngabe siyingozi noma sibi, ezinhlakeni ze-adnexal endlebeni. Isibonelo, ama-squamous cell carcinomas ezindlebeni ezimhlophe ajwayelekile.
  • polyp nasopharyngeal: Lokhu kungukuqhamuka okungenayo i-neoplastic, okungukuthi, akuyona into ejwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, kujwayelekile ukuthi amakati amancane athole lawa polyp endlebeni ephakathi, endlebeni yendlebe naku-nasopharyngeal mucosa. Kanye nemizimba yangaphandle, la ma-polyps ayimbangela ejwayelekile ye-unilateral otitis externa emakati. Kulokhu, i-otitis ivame ukumelana nemithi futhi ingadala i-otitis media enezimpawu zokuphefumula.
  • Izifo eziningi nezinkinga ezingadala ukutheleleka ezindlebeni: Ukhwekhwe, ukuphazamiseka kwesifo seborrheic, i-metabolic, i-endocrine nokuphazamiseka kokudla okunempilo.

Bheka kule ndatshana kaPeritoIzilwane izifo ezivame kakhulu emakati.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-otitis emakati?

Izimpawu nezimpawu ezizovezwa wufeline wethu esimweni se-feline otitis kuzoya futhi kuhluka, ikakhulukazi ngezinga lokuqina kwalokhu kanye ne- umsuka obangela i-otitis. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

  • Ukunqekuzisa ikhanda njalo.
  • Ukuthambekela kwekhanda. Uma kwenzeka kuphela ohlangothini olulodwa, lokhu kukhombisa i-unilateral otitis evame ukubangelwa ukuba khona komzimba wangaphandle kuleyo ndlebe. Uma kwenzeka kukukhathaza, izindlebe zakho zizoshintsha uhlangothi ngokuya ngokuthi yiluphi noma yikuphi okukuhlupha kakhulu.
  • Ubuhlungu esifundeni lapho siyiphulula. Bavame ukukhononda futhi bakhule kakhulu futhi baze bamemeze ngobuhlungu.
  • Ukulunywa okungaba kusuka kokulingene kuya kwehaba.
  • Ngenxa yokunwaya, bavamise ukuklwebha nokuhlikihla izindlebe nentamo baze bathole izilonda endaweni.
  • Indlebe ebomvu futhi evuvukile.
  • Ukuthukuthela, ukuphuma kwegazi kanye ne-pyoderma yendawo yonke ethintekile.
  • Isimo esibi ngisho nolaka, asikho isifiso sokudlala futhi kungenzeka ukuthi bayeke ukudla ngenxa yokungakhululeki okukhulu nobuhlungu okungenzeka banabo.
  • I-wax emnyama eningi ezindlebeni.
  • Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa.
  • Iphunga elibi ezindlebeni.
  • Ukulahleka kwezinwele ezindaweni ezithintekile kusuka ekuklwebheni ngokweqile ngenxa yokulunywa.
  • Ubukhona bezibungu ezindlebeni. Uma une-mite infestation ebucayi kakhulu, kufanele kucatshangwe ukuthi kungaba icala lokuzivikela okuphansi kakhulu ngenxa ye-FIV (Feline Immunodeficiency Virus).
  • I-Otohematoma: Inkinga evela ekuklwebheni ngokweqile nokunikina ikhanda njalo. Ama-Otohematomas ukuqoqwa kwegazi ku-pinna futhi kuvela ebusweni be-concave bendlebe, phakathi koqwanga nesikhumba noma ngaphakathi koqwanga, lapho kuphuka ama-capillaries egazi. Ngaphandle ibonwa njengebhola endlebeni, esihlupha kakhulu isilwane futhi esishisa kakhulu. Okuwukuphela kwekhambi ukuhlinzwa.

Kubalulekile empilweni yomngane wethu we-feline ukuthi, lapho nje sithola esinye salezi zimpawu, simyisa kudokotela wezilwane ukuze athole ukuxilongwa okulungile kanye nenkomba yokwelashwa okufanele.

Ukuvimbela nokwelashwa kwe-Otitis Emakati

I-Feline otitis ingavinjelwa. Ngalokho, kukhona ezinye izinto ongazenza ozithandayo izindlela zokuvimbela:

  • Landelela impilo yekati: Kubalulekile ukuthi uhlambe ngezikhathi ezithile futhi ugeze isilwane sakho ubheke isimo sezindawo ezahlukahlukene zomzimba wakho, kufaka phakathi izindlebe. Uma sithola noma yiziphi izimpawu ezichazwe ngenhla, akufanele sinqikaze ukubonana nodokotela wezilwane ngokushesha futhi ngaleyo ndlela sigweme izinhlungu, ukungakhululeki kanye nezinkinga zabangane bethu.
  • Vikela izindlebe zakho ekungcoleni: Uma sihlanza ikati lethu, akufanele sikhohlwe ukungcola okungena ezindlebeni zethu. Uma uthola kunesidingo sokuhlanza i-wax eqoqiwe, into okufanele yenziwe njalo emavikini amabili noma amathathu, ungalokothi usebenzise ama-swabs okotini kukotini. I-swab yekotini ingenza umonakalo omkhulu endlebeni yangaphakathi uma kwenzeka ukunyakaza okungazelelwe, kufaka phakathi ukuqhuma kwe-eardrum. Ngakho-ke, indlela engcono yokuhlanza indlebe nge-gauze oyinyumba esizungeze umunwe wethu futhi ifakwe ku-saline solution futhi ngobumnene isuse ukungcola kuphela endaweni ye-pinna, okungukuthi, ukungcola okuvela endaweni ebonakalayo. Akukho ukufakwa kwe-swab ejulile.

Kunamaconsi endlebe noma imikhiqizo yokuhlanza, kepha ngoba amakati azwela kakhulu emithini nasemikhiqizweni iyonke, kungaba yikhemikhali noma yemvelo, kufanele sisebenzise eyodwa ebekwe ngokusobala ngudokotela wezilwane wethu futhi hhayi eyodwa esiyibona esitolo sezilwane cabanga ukuthi kuhle.

Akufanele usebenzise umkhiqizo wezinja ongafanele amakati, ngoba lolu hlobo lwezinto lungaveza ukucasuka futhi lubangele i-otitis emakati ethu. Futhi, uma ikati okukhulunywa ngalo lingenye yezinhlobo ezinezinwele ezinde, singacela udokotela wezilwane ukuba asike izinwele ezindlebeni ngezikhathi ezithile ukuvimbela ukuqoqwa kwenhlabathi.

  • Vimbela izindlebe ukuthi zingabi manzi: Uma sigeza ikati, kufanele sivimbele amanzi nensipho ukuthi ingene endlebeni yayo. Indlela elula yokuvimbela ukungena kwamanzi ukusebenzisa izingcezu zikakotini ezimanzi nge-Vaseline encane, vala izindlebe ngobumnene ukuze sikwazi ukususa kalula. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhumbula ukususa ukotini, okuyinto engazizwa kahle ngekati. Uma ngengozi ungeke ukwazi ukuyikhipha, kuzoba ngumzimba wangaphandle ofakwe endlebeni futhi ungagcina ubanga i-feline otitis. Ukuze ususe noma imuphi uvaselina, ukotini noma izinsalela zamanzi, sebenzisa i-gauze oyinyumba esongwe ngomunwe ukuze uyisuse futhi uyome. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukungatholi amanzi amaningi noma ingcindezi yokugwema ukuqhuma i-eardrum.
  • Ukubuyekezwa kwezilwane ngezikhathi ezithile: Njalo lapho siya kudokotela wezilwane, kungaba njalo noma ngokunye okucacile, kufanele uhlole isimo sezindlebe zakho ngendlela ephelele ukwedlula esikwenzayo ekhaya. Ngokwenza lokhu, uzokwazi ukuthola i-otitis ngokushesha futhi ngaleyo ndlela ugweme imiphumela emibi kakhulu.
  • landela i- ukwelashwa okuvezwe ngudokotela wezilwane: Uma kwenzeka uphethwe i-otitis, udokotela wezilwane uzokhombisa ukwelashwa okufanele kulandelwe, okufanele kulandelwe kuze kube sekupheleni. Kwezinye izimo inkinga inganyamalala, noma kunjalo ukwelashwa kufanele kuqhubeke.

Ukwelashwa kwe-otitis emakati

Ukwelashwa kanye nekhambi le-otitis emakati kuzoya ngohlobo lwesifo isilwane esinaso. Kepha, okokuqala, kuyadingeka:

  1. Okokuqala susa umzimba wangaphandle endlebeni, uma ukhona.
  2. Yenza indlebe yokuhlanza nokumisa.
  3. Bheka ukuthi yini imbangela yokusebenzisa ukwelashwa okufanele:
  • Umzimba ongajwayelekile: Udokotela wezilwane kufanele asuse umzimba wangaphandle ukuze elaphe i-otitis. Uma sesikhishiwe, kufanele senze ukwelashwa ngemithi ekhonjiswe ngudokotela wezilwane wethu.
  • Amagciwane: Ukuhlanza kufanele kwenziwe ngamanzi noma nge-saline solution ukuze uchwepheshe abuyekeze kangcono wonke umsele wokuzwa. Endabeni ye-bacterial otitis, uchwepheshe uzosinika umkhiqizo we-antibacterial topical and optical.
  • Isikhunta (imvubelo): Kulokhu, uma udokotela wezilwane onolwazi esethole ukuthi isikhunta siyimbangela, uzonquma umkhiqizo ofanele we-fungicidal.
  • ama-ectoparasites: Izibungu yi-ectoparasites edala ukutheleleka kwezindlebe okuvame kakhulu. Udokotela wezilwane kufanele anikeze i-antiparasitic efana ne-pipette ukusabalalisa endaweni yesiphambano sesilwane kanye nomkhiqizo we-optical acaricide. Izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu obubangelwa ukutheleleka kwezindlebe.

Uma lezi zinketho zamakhambi ze-otitis emakati zingasebenzi noma udokotela wezilwane ekhomba ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kuzodingeka, lokhu kuzoba ukuphela kwendlela.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lapho kufakwa amaconsi emithi endlebeni yekati, uzonikina ikhanda lakhe ngokushesha ukukhipha uketshezi ngaphakathi kwendlebe yakhe, ngoba akumjabulisi. Kepha kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqhubeka nokwelashwa futhi ubavumele banikine amakhanda ukuze balahle ukungcola kalula.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, noma ngabe i-otitis ibisivele yelaphekile, kufanele senze ukwelashwa isikhathi eside njengoba kukhonjiswe nguchwepheshe.

Umgexo ka-Elizabethan

Impela udokotela wezilwane uzoncoma, ekusekeleni ukwelashwa, ikhola lika-Elizabethan lokufaka ikati lakho. Lo mgexo ungabonakala ngathi uyisicefe kubo, kepha kufanele sibayeke bajwayele ukuwavimbela ukuthi bazinwaye ngokungalawuleki, ngaleyo ndlela kubangele amanxeba amaningi noma okungafuneki otohematomas.

Manje njengoba usuzazi izimbangela, izimpawu nokwelashwa ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zemithi yokwelapha i-otitis emakati, ungahle ube nentshisekelo yokwazi ukuthi ikati elinendlebe eshisayo lingaba yini. Bheka ividiyo:

Lo mbhalo wenzelwe imininingwane kuphela, kwaPeritoAnimal.com.br asikwazi ukunquma ukwelashwa kwezilwane noma ukwenza noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuxilongwa. Siphakamisa ukuthi uthathe isilwane sakho uye kudokotela wezilwane uma kungenzeka ukuthi unanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesimo noma ukungaphatheki kahle.