-Delile
- Ngabe izizukulwane eziguqukayo ziqukethe ini?
- Izinzuzo zokukhiqiza kabusha okuzenzakalelayo
- Izibonelo zezizukulwane eziguqukayo ezilwaneni
- Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwezinyosi nezintuthwane
- AmaCrustaceans anokuphinda akhiqize ukukhiqiza okunye
- Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kweJellyfish
- Ukuzalela izinambuzane ngokushintshanisa izizukulwane
THE ukukhiqizwa kabusha kokukhiqiza okuvelayo, obeye aziwe njengo i-heterogony, isu elingajwayelekile ezilwaneni futhi liqukethe ukushintshanisa umjikelezo nokuzala ngokocansi kulandelwe omunye umjikelezo we-asexual. Kunezilwane ezizalanayo ngokocansi kepha, ngesikhathi esithile empilweni yazo, zikwazi ukuzala ngokwe-asexually, noma lokhu akusho ukuthi zishintsha uhlobo oluthile lokuzala nolunye.
Ukushintshaniswa kwezizukulwane kuvame kakhulu ezitshalweni, kepha ezinye izilwane nazo ziyakwenza. Ngakho-ke, kule ndatshana kaPeritoAnimal, sizocubungula lolu hlobo lokukhiqiza futhi sinikeze okunye izibonelo zokukhiqiza kabusha ngamunye ukushintshaniswa kwezizukulwane ezilwaneni abakwenzayo.
Ngabe izizukulwane eziguqukayo ziqukethe ini?
Ukuzaliswa ngokushintshaniswa kwezizukulwane noma i-heterogony uhlobo lwe ukuzalanisa okujwayelekile kakhulu ezitshalweni ezilula ezingenazimbali. Lezi zitshalo zingama-bryophytes nama-ferns. Kuleli su lokuzala, ukukhiqiza kabusha ngokocansi nokuzala kwe-asexual kuyashintshwa. Endabeni yezitshalo, lokhu kusho ukuthi bazoba nesigaba se-sporophyte nesinye isigaba esibizwa nge-gametophyte.
Ngesikhathi se- isigaba se-sporophyte, lesi sitshalo sizokhiqiza izinhlamvu ezizokhulisa izitshalo ezindala ngokufana nezokuqala. Ngo- isigaba se-gametophyte, lesi sitshalo sikhiqiza ama-gametes abesilisa nabesifazane okuthi, lapho bejoyina amanye ama-gametes avela kwezinye izitshalo, kuzoveza abantu abasha abanomthwalo ohlukile wezakhi zofuzo.
Izinzuzo zokukhiqiza kabusha okuzenzakalelayo
Ukuzaliswa ngokushintshaniswa kwezizukulwane iqoqa izinzuzo zokukhiqiza kabusha ngokocansi nangokobulili. Lapho umuntu ophilayo ezala kabusha ngecebo lezocansi, uthola ukuthi inzalo yakhe ibe nokuhlukahluka okucebile kakhulu kofuzo, okuvumela ukujwayela nokusinda kohlobo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho umuntu ophilayo ekhiqiza kabusha ngokweqile, inani labantu abasha abavela livela likhulu ngokungenamkhawulo ngesikhathi esifushane.
Ngakho-ke, isitshalo noma isilwane esizala ngokuzishintshanisa izizukulwane sizofinyelela isizukulwane esinothe ngokwezakhi zofuzo kanye nesinombolo kakhulu, ndawonye ukwandisa amathuba akho okusinda.
Izibonelo zezizukulwane eziguqukayo ezilwaneni
Ukuzalanisa okwejwayelekile kwezilwane ezingenamgogodla ezinjengezinambuzane mhlawumbe kuyisibonelo esivame kakhulu futhi esiningi, kepha ukuzalaniswa kwe-jellyfish nakho kungalandela leli su.
Okulandelayo, sizokhombisa ifayela le- izinhlobo zezilwane ezinokukhiqiza okunye okuzalanayo:
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwezinyosi nezintuthwane
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwezinyosi noma izintuthwane kwenzeka ngokushintsha izizukulwane. Lezi zilwane, kuya ngomzuzu obalulekile lapho bezithola khona, bazokhiqiza kabusha ngecebo lezocansi noma le-asexual. bobabili bahlala ku ukujabula noma umphakathi wangempela, owakhiwe ngokwezigaba, ngasinye sidlala indima eyingqayizivele nesisekelo. Kokubili izintuthwane nezinyosi zinezindlovukazi ezikopisha kanye empilweni yazo, ngaphambi nje kwesidleke esisha noma amafomu entuthwane, okugcina isidoda ngaphakathi komzimba waso esithweni esibizwa nge-spermtheca. Onke amadodakazi akhe azoba ngumphumela wokuhlanganiswa kwamaqanda endlovukazi kanye nesidoda esigciniwe, kepha ngesikhathi esithile, lapho umphakathi usuvuthiwe (cishe unyaka owodwa esimweni sezinyosi neminyaka emine esimweni sezintuthwane), indlovukazi izobekela amaqanda angenamvumba. (ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-asexual yi-parthenogenesis) okuzoveza abesilisa. Eqinisweni, kunezinhlobo ezaziwayo zezintuthwane lapho kungekho khona abesilisa, futhi ukuzala kungu-100% kwe-asexual.
AmaCrustaceans anokuphinda akhiqize ukukhiqiza okunye
Wena ama-crustaceans ohlobo UDaphnia ukukhiqiza kabusha okunye. Ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo nehlobo, lapho izimo zemvelo zivuma, i-daphnia izala kabusha ngokocansi, inika kuphela abesifazane abakheka ngaphakathi kwemizimba yabo ngokulandela isu le-ovoviviparous. Lapho ubusika buqala noma lapho kunesomiso esingalindelekile, abesifazane bakhiqiza abesilisa ngo parthenogene (uhlobo lokukhiqiza kabusha kwe-asexual). Inani labesilisa endaweni yedaphnia alisoze laba likhulu kunalelo labesifazane. Ezinhlotsheni eziningi, i-morphology yesilisa ayaziwa njengoba ingakaze ibonwe.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kweJellyfish
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-jellyfish, kuya ngohlobo kanye nesigaba lapho zizithola khona, kuzophinde kwenzeke ngokushintshaniswa kwezizukulwane. Uma sezisesigabeni se-polyp, zizokwakha ikoloni elikhulu elizokhiqiza kabusha i-asexually, likhiqize ama-polyps amaningi. Esikhathini esithile, ama-polyps azokhiqiza i-jellyfish encane ephila mahhala lapho, lapho ifinyelela ebudaleni, izokhiqiza ama-gametes abesifazane nabesilisa, enza ukukhiqizwa ngokocansi.
Ukuzalela izinambuzane ngokushintshanisa izizukulwane
Ekugcineni, i-aphid I-Phylloxera vitifoliae, izala ngokocansi ebusika, ikhiqize amaqanda azokhipha abesifazane entwasahlobo. Laba besifazane bazokhiqiza kabusha nge-parthenogenesis kuze kube yilapho amazinga okushisa ehla futhi.
Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- Ukushintshashintsha kwezizukulwane ezilwaneni, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu se-Curiosities somhlaba wezilwane.