Izilwane eziyinqaba ezitholakala e-Amazon yaseBrazil

-Delile

• Izilwane eziyi-10 ezingajwayelekile ezitholakala e-Amazon yaseBrazil
• ingilazi yesele
• Kungani noma u-eel kagesi
• Amaxoxo e-Arrowhead noma amasele anobuthi
• jupará
• isibankwa Jesus or basilisk
• Mthokozisi
• Inhlwathi noma inhlwathi eluhlaza
• Intuthwane yaseCape Verdean noma iParaponera
• candiru
• I-Urutau
• Izilwane ezisengozini e-Amazon

I-Amazon ingumdabu waseBrazil, ithatha indawo engaphezu kwezingu-40% yensimu kazwelonke, futhi iqukethe ihlathi elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni. Izilwane zomdabu nezimbali zemvelo yazo ziveza ukwehlukahlukana okumangalisayo futhi izilwane eziningi zase-Amazon azitholakali kwenye indawo emhlabeni. Yize zonke lezi zinhlobo zithakazelisa ngokutholakala kwazo, ezinye zigqame kakhulu ngoba zehluke kakhulu.

Uyayithanda imvelo futhi ufuna ukwazi kabanzi nge izilwane eziyinqaba ezitholakala e-Amazon yaseBrazil? Kule ndatshana evela ku-Animal Expert athikili, uzothola izifiso nezithombe zezilwane ezijwayelekile ezivela e-Amazon ezigqame ngokubukeka kwazo okuhle kanye nezimpawu ezihlukile ze-morphology yazo. Uzokwazi futhi ezinye izinhlobo ezihlukile zale biome ezisengozini enkulu yokuqothulwa.

Izilwane eziyi-10 ezingajwayelekile ezitholakala e-Amazon yaseBrazil

Lapho sikhuluma ngezilwane eziyinqaba ezitholakala e-Amazon yaseBrazil, empeleni asibhekiseli kuzinhlobo - ake sithi - azikhangi ngokwenqubo yamanje yobuhle emphakathini. Lolu hlu lufaka phakathi izilwane ezinhle ezinezici ezingavamile kakhulu ezingatholakali kwezinye izinhlobo.

Noma kunjalo, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uthole ukuthi yini i- izilwane ezijwayelekile zase-Amazon, enezici ezihlukile ezenza le biome ibe ngeyehluke kakhulu emhlabeni. Nawa amanye amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngalezi zinhlobo ezingavamile.

ingilazi yesele

Eqinisweni, akusona nje isilwane esiyinqaba esitholakala e-Amazon yaseBrazil, kepha umndeni omkhulu wabakwa-anuran amphibians bomndeni wakwaCentrolenidae. "Ixoxo lengilazi" igama elidumile elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza izinhlobo eziningana zamaxoxo ezibonakala ngomzimba wazo oguqukayo.

Isikhumba esobala sikuvumela ukuthi uthi shazi i-viscera, imisipha namathambo alezi zasemanzini, uzenze ifanelwe indawo evelele phakathi kwezilwane ezingajwayelekile zehlathi lase-Amazon. Bahlala naseParaguay, enyakatho yeNingizimu Melika kanye namahlathi aswakeme aseMelika Ephakathi.

Kungani noma u-eel kagesi

Inhlanzi ebukeka njengenyoka enkulu yamanzi futhi ekwazi ukukhipha amagagasi kagesi? Yebo, lokhu kungenzeka uma sikhuluma ngakho izilwane ezijwayelekile zase-Amazon. Kungani (ugesi kagesi), owaziwa nangokuthi i-eel kagesi, unezici ezihlukile njengokuwukuphela kohlobo lwezinhlanzi zohlobo IGymnotidae.

I-eel ingakhipha amagagasi kagesi kusuka ngaphakathi komzimba aye ngaphandle ngoba umzimba wayo unamaseli akhethekile akhipha amandla kagesi afinyelela ku-600 W. Izizathu zokuthi basebenzise leli khono elihehayo emisebenzini eminingi, njengokuzingela, ukuvikela ngokumelene nezilwane ezidliwayo futhi ukuxhumana nezinye izinkemba.

Amaxoxo e-Arrowhead noma amasele anobuthi

Amaxoxo e-Arrow ayaziwa futhi esatshwa njengenye yezilwane eziyingozi kakhulu e-Amazon. Naphezu kobukhulu obuncane, isikhumba salawa ma-amphibian sinobuthi obunamandla obubizwa ngokuthi i-batrachotoxin, eyayisetshenziswa amaNdiya emicibisholo ukuletha ukufa okusheshayo kwezilwane ezazizingela ukuze kudliwe kanye nezitha ezahlasela indawo yazo.

Namuhla, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-180 zamaxoxo ezinhloko yomcibisholo ezakha umkhaya omkhulu. Dendrobatidae. THE izinhlobo eziningi ezinobuthi yixoxo legolide elicijile (I-Phyllobates terribilis), onobuthi obungabulala abantu abangaphezu kuka-1000. Asidingi ukuchaza ukuthi kungani kulolu hlu lwezilwane eziyinqaba zehlathi lase-Amazon, akunjalo?

jupará

Mhlawumbe bambalwa abantu abangacabanga ukuthi isilwane esincelisayo esithandekayo sizoba phakathi kwe- izilwane eziyinqaba ezitholakala e-Amazon yaseBrazil. Kodwa-ke, amajupara (izimbiza ze-flavus) yizilwane ezivamile ezwenikazi laseMelika, zinezici ezithile ezibahlukanisa nezinye izinhlobo ezakha umndeni weProcionidae. Ngalesi sizathu, ukuphela kwezinhlobo ngaphakathi kohlobo izimbiza.

EBrazil, yaziwa nangokuthi inkawu yasebusuku ngoba inemikhuba yasebusuku futhi ingafana ne-tamarin. Kepha empeleni, amajupara angabomndeni owodwa nama-raccoon nama-coati, futhi awahlobene nezinhlobo zezinkawu ezihlala emahlathini aseBrazil. Isici sayo somzimba esivelele kunazo zonke yi- ijazi legolide nomsila omude esisebenzisa ukuzondla emagatsheni ezihlahla.

isibankwa Jesus or basilisk

Kungani beqamba isibankwa ngokuhlonipha uJesu Kristu? Hhayi-ke ngoba lesi silwanyane sinokumangalisa ikhono "lokuhamba" emanzini. Ngenxa yenhlanganisela yesisindo esilula, ukuminyana komzimba, ukwakheka kwemilenze yangemuva (enolwelwesi phakathi kwezinzwani) kanye nejubane elingafinyelelwa yilelizicucu lapho lihamba, kungenzeka ukuthi, esikhundleni sokucwila, kungenze zonke izilwane, ezikwazi ukuwela imifula neminye imizimba yamanzi. Ikhono elingavamile lokubalekela izidalwa ezinkulu nezinzima.

Into ethakazelisa kakhulu ukuthi lokhu, phakathi kwezilwane eziyinqaba ezitholakala e-Amazon yaseBrazil, akuyona nje uhlobo olulodwa olunaleli khono. Eqinisweni, umndeni we-basilisk unezinhlobo ezine, okuvame kakhulu ukuba khona I-Basiliscus Basiliscus, eyaziwa kangcono njenge-basilisk ejwayelekile. Yize singesinye sezilwane ezihlala e-Amazon yaseBrazil, izibankwa zikaJesu zihlala nakwezinye izihlathi eNingizimu naseMelika Ephakathi.

Mthokozisi

I-jequitiranabóia (ukuvutha kwesikhashanangesiNgisi yaziwa njengesinambuzane sekhanda lamantongomane. Kepha akukhona nje ukuma kwekhanda okudonsela ukunaka lesi silwane esivela e-Amazon. Isici sonke salesi sinambuzane siyamangaza impela futhi asikhangi, kepha ngesizathu esizwakalayo, ukuzifihla. Njengoba kuyisilwane esincane futhi esingenabungozi, indlela yaso kuphela yokuzivikela yokubalekela izisulu uma ukufihla phakathi kwamaqabunga, amagatsha nomhlaba kusuka endaweni yabo yemvelo.

Mhlawumbe, ukwakheka kwekhanda le-jequityranabóia kuzama ukulingisa ikhanda lesibankwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphiko ayo anezindawo ezimbili ezifana namehlo esikhova. Lezi zindlela ziyasiza ukudida nokukhohlisa izilwane ezidla ezinye.

Inhlwathi noma inhlwathi eluhlaza

Izinhlwathi noma izinhlwathi zidume kakhulu kangangokuba sezize zaba ngabalingisi abaphambili ezikrinini ezinkulu. Ungomunye wezilwane ezimbalwa ezingajwayelekile ezisehlathini lemvula lase-Amazon ukuba abe ngusaziwayo kumabhayisikobho. Kodwa-ke, kude nalesosithombe sokubulala esidwetshwe kumabhayisikobho, lezi zinyoka ezinkulu ezinemikhuba emincane yasemanzini zigodliwe futhi ukuhlaselwa kwabantu akuvamile, kuvame ukwenzeka lapho inhlwathi izizwa isongelwa ubukhona bomuntu.

Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo ezine zezinhlwathi ezikhona eNingizimu Melika.I-anaconda eluhlaza ehlala e-Amazon yaseBrazil yiyona enkulu kunazo zonke kulezi zinhlobo ezine, enamamitha ayi-9 ubude futhi enesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilo angama-200. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kubhekwa njengenyoka enamandla futhi esinda kunazo zonke emhlabeni, elahlekelwa ngosayizi kuphela yinyoka ebonwayo.

Intuthwane yaseCape Verdean noma iParaponera

Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezintuthwane ezikhona emhlabeni, intuthwane yaseCape Verdean (clavata paraponera) idonsela ukunakekela ngokuba yizinhlobo ezinkulu kunazo zonke ezaziwayo emhlabeni. Mikhulu kangangokuba angaphanjaniswa neminyovu, yize engakwazi ukundiza.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, inesiqu esinamandla, esingaba buhlungu izikhathi eziphindwe ka-30 kunaleso somnyovu. Eqinisweni, kuthiwa ubuhlungu obudalwa ukulunywa yiParaponera buqhathaniswa nomthelela wenhlamvu futhi kungathatha amahora angaphezu kwama-24 ukuthi kuphele. Akumangalisi ukuthi lezi zinambuzane zibizwa nangokuthi izintuthwane (ikakhulukazi ngesiNgisi nangeSpanishi).

candiru

Shazi, i-candiru (UVandellia cirrhosa) kungabonakala njengenhlanzi encane engenabungozi enomzimba osobala futhi ingekho into ebonakalayo ekhanyayo. Kepha kungani kungabhekwa njengesinye sezilwane eziyinqaba e-Amazon yaseBrazil? Lesi silwane singenye yama-vertebrate angama-hematophagous ambalwa, okungukuthi, adla igazi lezinye izilwane.

Lezi zihlobo ezincane ze-catfish zinezinsipho ezimise okwegwegwe ezizisebenzisayo ukungena esikhunjeni sezinye izinhlanzi, ukumunca igazi, nokuzibamba ziqine. Yize kuyivelakancane, bangangena nasemgudwini wokuchama noma endundwini yokugeza bese bakhubaza, isimo esibuhlungu esivame ukudinga ukuhlinzwa ukuxazulula.

Isithombe: Ukukhiqizwa kabusha / UWilliam Costa-Portal Amazônia

I-Urutau

Ngabe inyoni ingaba esinye sezilwane eziyinqaba ezitholakala e-Amazon yaseBrazil? Yebo impela yebo. Ikakhulukazi uma kukhulunywa nge "ghost bird" ekwaziyo ukungabonakali ngokuphelele phakathi nendawo yayo yemvelo. Umbala nephethini yezimpaphe ezivamile ze-urutau (Nyctibius griseus) ilingisa ngokuphelele ukubukeka kwegxolo kusuka emithini yezihlahla eyomile, efile noma ephukile.

Futhi, amehlo aso anokusikeka okuncane emabhodini lapho inyoni ingaqhubeka khona. ukubona ngisho ngamehlo avaliwe. Zikhombisa nekhono elihlaba umxhwele lokuhlala zinganyakazi ngokuphelele amahora amaningana, noma zithola ubukhona bezinye izilwane noma abantu. Leli khono livumela i-uruuta ukuba ikhohlise izidlo ezingaba khona futhi yonge amandla amaningi ekuphunyukeni.

Isithombe: Ukukhiqiza kabusha / Isithunywa

Izilwane ezisengozini e-Amazon

Ngokwe-Taxonomic Catalog of Species of Brazil ^[1], ezenziwa ngokulandela uMnyango Wezemvelo, izilwane zaseBrazil zinezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyi-116 ezirekhodiwe zezilwane ezinomgogodla nezingenamgogodla. Ngeshwa, cishe i-10% yalezi Izinhlobo zaseBrazil zisengozini yokuqothulwa kanti i-biome ethinteke kakhulu yi-Amazon.

Izifundo ezenziwa yiChico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation ^[2] (ICMBio) phakathi kuka-2010 no-2014 kwembula ukuthi okungenani izilwane eziyi-1050 e-Amazon zisengozini yokunyamalala emashumini eminyaka ezayo. Phakathi kwe- engozini izilwane Amazon, ungathola izinhlanzi, izilwane ezincelisayo, izilwane eziphila ezweni, izilwane ezinwabuzelayo, izinambuzane, izinyoni nezilwane ezingenamgogodla. Kungaba nzima ukukhuluma ngezinhlobo eziningi kangaka zemizila embalwa kangaka. Kodwa-ke, ngezansi sizokhuluma ngezilwane ezithile eziyizifanekiselo zalesi sizinda saseBrazil ezisengozini yokuqothulwa:

• Ihlengethwa elibomvana (I-Inia geoffrensis);
• UMargay (I-Leopardus wiedii);
• Isi-Ararajuba (Guaruba guarouba);
• Ukhovu (I-harpy harpy);
• I-Amazate Manatee (UTrichechus inungui);
• I-Chauá (I-Rhodocorytha Amazon);
• I-Jaguar (i-panthera onca);
• I-Caiarara (Cebus kaapori);
• Inkawu kaCapuchin (AbakwaSapajus cay);
• I-Giant Anteater (I-Myrmecophaga tridactyla);
• Inkawu yesicabucabu (Atheles Belzebuth);
• I-Puma (I-Puma concolor);
• I-Otter (Pteronura brasiliensis);
• UakariCacajao hosomi);
• I-Arapacu (Ama-Kerthios dendrokolaptes);
• I-Toucan ekhokhiswe emnyama (UVitellinus Ramphastos);
• I-Sauim-de-lear (i-saguinus enemibala emibili);
• I-Blue Arara (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus);
• Igundwane likakhokho (I-Callistomys pictus);
• I-Golden Lion tamarin (ULeontopithecus Rosalia);
• I-Amazon weasel (African mustela);
• I-Ocelot (Undlunkulu weLeopardus);
• Impisi yaseGuara (I-Chrysocyon brachyurus);
• IPirarucu (Arapaima gigas);
• I-Woodpecker ebheke ophuzi (UGaleatus Dryocups).