izilwane ezihlangene - incazelo, izibonelo nezici

Umlobi: Peter Berry
Usuku Lokudalwa: 18 Ujulayi 2021
Ukuvuselela Usuku: 23 Ujuni 2024
Anonim
Meeting #5 - 4/29/2022 | ETF team meeting and dialogue
Ividiyo: Meeting #5 - 4/29/2022 | ETF team meeting and dialogue

-Delile

Sihlale sizwa ukuthi singabantu izilwane zomphakathi. Kodwa ingabe yithi kuphela? Ingabe zikhona ezinye izilwane ezakha amaqembu ayinkimbinkimbi ukuze zisinde?

Kule ndatshana yePeritoanimal, sikumema ukuthi uhlangane nalezo zilwane ezifunde ukuhlala emphakathini: the izilwane zobungani. Ngakho-ke sizochaza incazelo, izinhlobo zezilwane ezihlanganayo futhi sibonise izibonelo ezimbalwa. Ukufunda okuhle.

yiziphi izilwane ezihlangene

Singakuchaza ukuzijabulisa kwezilwane njengobubanzi obuphakathi kwezinto ezimbili ezeqisayo: ngakolunye uhlangothi, izilwane ezihlala zodwa, ezihlangana kuphela ukuze zishade, kanye nezilwane ezihlangana nomphakathi ngokuphelele (okuyi-eusocial) beka impilo yabo enkonzweni yeqembu, njengoba kunjalo ngezinyosi noma izintuthwane.


Ukuhlangana kuyindlela yokuziphatha ebandakanya ukuhlangana kwezilwane zohlobo olufanayo, umndeni noma cha, ukuhlala ndawonye esikhaleni esifanayo, sabelana ngobudlelwano bezenhlalo.

Izici zezilwane ezihlangene

Kuvame ukuphikiswa ukuthi isici sokuzijabulisa sivele emlandweni wokuziphendukela kwemvelo wezilwane ukuvumela ukusinda. O ukuhlangana kunezinzuzo eziningi zokuziphendukela kwemvelo futhi sizochaza ezibaluleke kakhulu ngezansi:

  • Ukudla okuhle kakhulu: izilwane ezihlangana zingathola ukudla okungcono ngezizathu ezithile. Lokhu kungenzeka ngoba bazingela ngamaqembu, njengezimpisi (izibaya lupus), ngoba ngaleyo ndlela bangathola inyamazane enkulu kunokuzingela bodwa. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi ilungu leqembu litshele abanye ukuthi bangakutholaphi ukudla.
  • Ukunakekela inzalo: ezinye izilwane ezinobungane, lapho kufika isikhathi sokuzalisa, zabelana ngemisebenzi. Ngakho-ke, abanye baphethe ukufuna ukudla, abanye bavikela insimu kanti abanye banakekela imidlwane. Lokhu kuziphatha kuvamile kujakalasi wegolide (Ama-Aureus kennels), Ngokwesibonelo. Kulezi zinhlobo, abesilisa nabesifazane bakha ngababili abangashadile, futhi abesilisa benzalo yabo bahlala endaweni ejwayelekile ukusiza abashadikazi lapho sebekhulile. Kwenzeka into efanayo nangezindlovu: izinsikazi ziqoqwe ngemihlambi ezishiywa ngabesilisa lapho sezikhulile. Kodwa ngaphakathi kwala maqembu wezindlovu zesifazane, omama nogogo banakekela izingane.
  • Ukuzivikela ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye: izilwane ezinobungani zinamathuba amaningi okuthi zisinde ekuhlaselweni yizilwane ngenxa yalezi zizathu: Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho amalungu eqembu ethe xaxa azi ngobukhona bezilwane, kuba lula ukuziphepha. Kwezinye izimo, ngoba kunamandla ngobuningi, izilwane zingazivikela njengeqembu ekuhlaselweni; futhi ekugcineni, ukucabanga kobugovu kodwa okunengqondo: lapho iqembu linamalungu amaningi, mancane amathuba okuthi isisulu uqobo lwaso.
  • Ukuvikelwa ezimeni ezimbi zemvelo: lapho kubhekene namakhaza amakhulu, ezinye izinhlobo, njengamaphengwini, zihamba ngobuningi ukuze zivikelane. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi ukudla okungcono okuhlinzekwa ukuhlangana kunika izilwane eziningi amandla athe xaxa okumelana namakhaza. Olunye ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi, kwezinye zezinkawu, inkampani yabantu bohlobo olufanayo inciphisa amazinga abo okucindezeleka, nawo, okubavumela ukuthi babe nokuqina ngokomzimba, okubalulekile lapho bebhekene nesimo sezulu esingesihle.

Ungahle ube nentshisekelo kule enye indatshana yePeritoAnimal emayelana nezilwane eziyi-10 ezinesizungu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.


Izinhlobo zezilwane ezihlangene

Sesibonile ukuthi ziyini izilwane ezihlanganayo nokuthi ziyini izinhloso zalokhu kuziphatha, kepha yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhlangana ezikhona? Izilwane eziqoqayo zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezahlukahlukene ngokuya ngemibandela esiyisebenzisayo ukuzihlukanisa. Uma sibheka, ngokwesibonelo, ukuthi kungani babelana ngendawo yabo nabantu bohlobo olufanayo, singawahlukanisa abe yizinhlobo ezimbili:

  • Ubudlelwano bangaphakathi: lapho kwenzeka phakathi kwabantu bohlobo olufanayo.
  • ubudlelwane obucacile: lapho kwenzeka phakathi kwabantu bezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene abahlala endaweni eyodwa kuphela ngenxa yendawo yezinsizakusebenza, njengamanzi nokudla.

Kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi akuvamile ukuthola izilwane ezihlangene phakathi kwamalungu e-herpetofauna (ama-amphibians kanye nezilwane ezihuquzelayo), ngaphandle kokunye, njengama-iguana aluhlaza (iguana iguana).


Izibonelo zezilwane ezihlangene

Nazi izibonelo zezilwane ezihlangene:

izinyosi (umndeni Apidae)

Izinyosi ziyizinambuzane zomphakathi ezihlangana ndawonye kumakholoni ahlelwe ngezigaba ezintathu zenhlalo: izinyosi ezisebenzayo, ama-drones wesilisa nezinyosi eziyindlovukazi. Ngayinye yalezi zinhlobonhlobo inomsebenzi wayo:

  • izinyosi ezisebenzayoIzinyosi ezisebenzayo, ezakha iningi lezinyosi esidlekeni, yizinsikazi eziyinyumba, ezibhekele ukuhlanza nokuvikela isidleke, ukwakha amapaneli, ukuhlinzeka ngokudla kwazo zonke izinkumbi, nokugcina lokho kudla.
  • amadroni: ama-drones aphethe ukuvundisa i-master bee.
  • I-Queen Bee: nguyena kuphela owesifazane okhuliswe ngokocansi. Uphethe ukukhiqiza kabusha, kuphakamisa isizukulwane esisha sezinyosi, nge-parthenogenesis. Ukuze enze lokhu, ubeka amaqanda avundisiwe lapho izinyosi ezisebenza umsebenzi zizoqandusela khona namaqanda angenamvundiso okuzokhipha ama-drones amasha.

Inhloso yendawo yezinyosi ukuzinakekela kwayo nokuzala inyosi eyindlovukazi.

Izintuthwane (umndeni Ukubulala)

Izintuthwane zakha izintuthwane ihlelwe ngezigaba ezintathu: izintuthwane ezisebenza (imvamisa izinsikazi eziyinyumba), izintuthwane zamasosha (imvamisa ezesilisa eziyinyumba), ezesilisa ezivundile, kanye nendlovukazi eyodwa noma eziningi ezivundile.

Ikona ukwakheka okulandelanayo zingahluka, njengokuhlukahluka okuthile kungenzeka: ngokwesibonelo, kunezinhlobo ezingenazo izindlovukazi, lapho-ke abanye abasebenzi abavundile bephethe ukuzala. Njengezinyosi, izintuthwane ziyabambisana futhi ziyaxhumana ukuze zisebenzisane ngendlela ehlelekile ukuze kuzuze ikoloni.

Igundane lemvukuzane elinqunu (i-heterocephalus glaber)

Igundane le-mole elinqunu liyisilwane esincelisayo esaziwayo esidumile: njengezintuthwane nezinyosi, kusatshalaliswa kuma-castes, elinye lazo lisebenza ngokukhiqiza, kanti ezinye ziyinyumba. Kukhona indlovukazi namanye amadoda, omsebenzi wawo ukuhlangana nendlovukazi, kanti amanye amalungu ayinyumba emba imihubhe ejwayelekile lapho leli koloni lihlala khona, afune ukudla, anakekele indlovukazi nenzalo yakhe, futhi avikele imihubhe kulabo abangaba yizilwane.

Izimpisi (izibaya lupus)

Yize kunemibono ethi "wolf wedwa", izimpisi ziyizilwane ezithanda umphakathi. Bahlala emaphaketheni ahlelekile ane- sula isigaba sabaphathi bezenhlalo, eholwa izithandani ezizalanayo (amalungu azo aziwa kakhulu njenge-alpha male and alpha female). Laba bobabili bajabulela isimo esiphakeme senhlalo: banomsebenzi wokuxazulula izimpi zeqembu, ukwaba ukudla, nokugcina ubumbano lwamaphakethe. Lapho impisi ishiya iphakethe, ayihambi iyofuna isizungu ngokwesiko esihlotshaniswa nalesi silwane; ukwenzela ukuthola umlingani, ukusungula indawo entsha, nokwenza iphakethe lakhe.

I-Wildebeest (uhlobo Ama-Connochaetes)

Kokubili i-wildebeest emhlophe (Ama-Connochaetes gnoukanye ne-wildebeest emnyama (I-Taurine Connochaetes) yizinkomo zomphakathi zase-Afrika. Bahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili ahlukene: ngakolunye uhlangothi, abesifazane nenzalo yabo bayahlangana. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abesilisa bazakhela owabo umhlambi. Noma kunjalo, la maqembu amancane ajwayele ukuhlanganyela isikhala omunye nomunye kanye nabanye. ungulate izilwane njengamadube noma izinsephe, ababambisana ngazo ukuthola izilwane ezidla ezinye nokubalekela kuzo.

Kulesi esinye isihloko uthola ezinye izilwane ezivela e-Afrika.

I-European Bee-eater (I-Merops apiaster)

Inyosi yezinyosi enemibala evamile noma i-bee-bee yaseYurophu iyinyoni enobungane yokudla. Ihlala emigodini eyakha ezindongeni zemithambeka eduze kwemifula namachibi. amaqembu alawa izilwane zobungani zivamise ukwakha isidleke ndawonye, ​​ngakho-ke kuyinto ejwayelekile ukuthi isidleke somuntu odla izinyosi zaseYurophu siphelezelwe abanye abaningi abangabakhe.

Ama-Flamingo (I-Phoenicopterus)

Azikho izinhlobo ezihlukile ze-flamingo ezihlala zodwa ikakhulukazi. bavame ukuba kakhulu kwezenhlalo, kwakheka amaqembu amakhulu ahamba ndawonye. Ngesikhathi sokuzala, leli koloni lithola indawo ethize yokubeka amaqanda, liwafukamele futhi likhulise amaphuphu alo, okuyisibonelo esihle futhi sezilwane ezihlangene.

Wake wazibuza ukuthi kungani ama-flamingo enalo mbala ogqamile? Kulesi esinye isihloko sePeritoAnimal, sichaza ukuthi kungani i-flamigo ibomvana.

I-carp yegolide (I-Notemigonus crysoleucas)

I-carp egolide iluhlobo lwezinhlanzi, njengezinye eziningi, ezihlanganiswa namanye amalungu ohlobo olufanayo ezikoleni ezibhukuda ziye ngasendaweni efanayo. Kujwayelekile ukuthi, ngesikhathi sokufuduka, iqembu liholwa ezinye ze abantu abanolwazi oluningi.

AmaGorilla (uhlobo gorilla)

Esinye isibonelo sezilwane ezihlangene noma zeqembu ngama-gorilla. Ama-gorilla akha amaqembu amakhulu ahlanganisiwe ikakhulu abesifazane nabesilisa abancane, futhi eholwa owesilisa omdala, onquma ukuthi umhlambi kufanele uhambe nini, usiza ukuxazulula izingxabano, futhi ungumvikeli omkhulu weqembu ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye.

AmaGorila axhumana ngomlomo nangemisindo izimpawu ezibukwayo, futhi banolimi olunothile, olunamaphimbo amaningi ahlukene. Njengamanye ama-primates, bafunda ngokulingisa futhi bayathandana kakhulu. Kube nezimo eziningana zokulila phakathi kwama-gorilla lapho kufa ilungu lomndeni noma umuntu omjwayele.

ihlengethwa lakusihlwa ILagenorhynchus obscurus)

Lehlengethwa elibabazekayo, njengeningi lomndeni UDelphinidae, Kuyisilwane kakhulu kwezenhlalo. Amalungu alezi zinhlobo ahlelwe ngamaqembu, angaba ngamalungu ama-2 aye emakhulwini abantu. Ngendlela, uyazi ukuthi yiliphi iqembu lehlengethwa elihlangene? Siyagcizelela ukuthi ulimi lwesiPutukezi alubhalisi igama ukuchaza iqembu lamahlengethwa, ngakho-ke, akulungile ukubiza iqembu lamahlengethwa ngokuthi umhlambi noma isicathulo. Ngokusho kukathisha wasePutukezi uPasquale Neto, vele usho iqembu.[1]

Ukubuyela emuva kumahlengethwa ompunga noma okuhwalala, nawo athathwa njengezilwane ezihlangene, amaqembu amakhulu avamise ukwenziwa ngenhloso efanayo, noma ngabe kungokondla, ukufudusa noma ukuzijabulisa, kepha imvamisa la maqembu amakhulu akhiwa amaqembu amancane wabalingani besikhathi eside.

Ungaba nentshisekelo nakwezinye izindatshana ezimayelana namaqiniso ayi-10 amnandi ngamahlengethwa.

ezinye izilwane ezihlangene

Phakathi kwezilwane ezihlala futhi ngamaqembu, okulandelayo nakho kuyabonakala:

  • Izindlovu.
  • Izimpungushe zegolide.
  • Ama-iguana aluhlaza.
  • Izindlulamithi.
  • Onogwaja.
  • Amabhubesi.
  • Amadube.
  • Izimvu.
  • Izimpisi.
  • Amahhashi.
  • I-Bonobos.
  • Izinyamazane.
  • Izingulube zaseGuinea.
  • AmaGerbils.
  • Amagundane.
  • AmaParakeet.
  • Ama-Ferrets.
  • Izikhalazo.
  • I-Coatis.
  • Ama-capybaras.
  • Izingulube.
  • I-Orcas.
  • Izimpisi.
  • Ama-Lemurs.
  • Ama-Meerkats.

Manje njengoba usukwazi konke ngezilwane ezihlanganayo, ungaphuthelwa yividiyo elandelayo ngezilwane ezinkulu kunazo zonke ezake zatholakala emhlabeni:

Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- izilwane ezihlangene - incazelo, izibonelo nezici, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu se-Curiosities somhlaba wezilwane.