Izilwane ezihlala ngaphansi kolwandle

Umlobi: Peter Berry
Usuku Lokudalwa: 19 Ujulayi 2021
Ukuvuselela Usuku: 14 Unovemba 2024
Anonim
UBIZO LWAMANZI NEZIMPAWU
Ividiyo: UBIZO LWAMANZI NEZIMPAWU

-Delile

Ngo- nezilwane kwalasha ungathola izilwane ezinezici zomzimba ezimangazayo, ezifanele ama-movie wesabekayo. Izidalwa zakwalasha zolwandle olujulile zihlala ebumnyameni, ezweni elingaziwa ngabantu. Ababoni, banamazinyo amakhulu kanti abanye babo banekhono lokukwenza bioluminescence. Lezi zilwane ziyamangalisa, zehluke kakhulu kunalezo ezijwayelekile, futhi ungavumeli noma ngubani ukuthi angabi nandaba nokuba khona kwazo.

Kule ndatshana yePeritoAnimal, sizokhuluma ngayo izilwane ezihlala ngaphansi kolwandle, sichaza ukuthi indawo yokuhlala injani, izici, futhi sizokubonisa nezibonelo eziyi-10 ezinezithombe namanye amagama ayi-15 ezilwane zasolwandle ezingandile. Okulandelayo, sizokwembulela ezinye zezidalwa eziyimfihlakalo eMhlabeni kanye namaqiniso amnandi. Zilungiselele ukuzwa ukwesaba okuncane ngalezi zilwane ezijulile zolwandle!


Izilwane Zasolwandle Olujulile: Indawo Yalasha

Ngenxa yezimo ezinzima zale ndawo, umuntu uhlolisise cishe kuphela 5% wezindawo zasolwandle emhlabeni wonke. Ngakho-ke, iplanethi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, eno-3/4 wobuso bayo obumbozwe ngamanzi, cishe asiyazi. Kodwa-ke, ososayensi nabahloli bamazwe bakwazile ukuqinisekisa ubukhona bempilo kwenye yalezi amazinga olwandle ajulile, ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-4,000 ukujula.

Izindawo zakwalasha noma ze-abyssopelagic yizindawo zikakhonkolo ezilwandle ezifinyelela ekujuleni phakathi kwamamitha ayi-4,000 kanye nama-6,000, futhi atholakala phakathi kwendawo ye-bathypelagic nendawo ye-hadal. Ukukhanya kwelanga akukwazi ukufinyelela kula mazinga, ngakho-ke ukujula kolwandle kwalasha kunjalo izindawo ezimnyama, kubanda kakhulu, ngokuswelakala kokudla okukhulu kanye nengcindezi enkulu ye-hydrostatic.


Ngokuqondile ngenxa yalezi zimo, impilo yasolwandle ayiningi kakhulu, yize kuyamangaza. Izilwane ezihlala kulezi zindawo azondli izitshalo, ngoba uhlaza alukwazi ukwenza i-photosynthesis, kepha kudoti ovela ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu.

Kodwa-ke, kukhona izindawo ezijule kakhulu kunezindawo zakwalasha, i- imisele yalasha, ngokujula okungafika kumakhilomitha ayi-10. Lezi zindawo zibonakala ngokuthi zitholakale lapho amapuleti amabili e-tectonic ehlangana khona, futhi ethula izimo ezinzima kakhulu kunalezo ezichazwe ezindaweni zalasha. Ngokumangazayo, nalapha kukhona izilwane ezikhethekile ezinjengezinhlanzi nama-molluscs, ikakhulukazi encane ne-bioluminescent.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi, kuze kube manje, indawo eyaziwa kakhulu olwandle iseningizimu-mpumalanga yeMariana Islands, ezansi nentshonalanga yePacific Ocean, futhi ibizwa ngokuthi Umsele wamariana. Le ndawo ifinyelela ekujuleni okuphezulu kwamamitha ayi-11,034. Intaba ende kunazo zonke emhlabeni, iMount Everest, ingangcwatshwa lapha futhi isenamakhilomitha ama-2 esikhala!


Izilwane Zasolwandle Olujulile: Izici

Izilwane zasolwandle noma kwalasha umphumela wengcindezi nezinye izinto obekufanele lezi zidalwa zivumelane nazo.

Isici esithile sezilwane ezihlala ekujuleni kolwandle yi bioluminescence. Izilwane eziningi ezivela kuleli qembu zikhiqize ukukhanya kwazo, sibonga amabhaktheriya akhethekile, asezimpondweni zawo, asetshenziselwe ukuthwebula inyamazane yawo, noma esikhumbeni sawo, ukuze abambe noma abalekele izimo eziyingozi. Ngakho-ke, i-bioluminescence yezitho zabo iyazivumela ukuthi zihehe inyamazane, zibalekele izilwane ezidla ezinye futhi zize zixhumane nezinye izilwane.

Kuvamile futhi ukuthi gigantism kwalasha. Izidalwa ezinkulu, njengezicabucabu zasolwandle, ezingafika kumamitha ayi-1.5 ubude, noma ama-crustaceans afinyelela kumasentimitha angama-50, zivamile kulezi zindawo. Kodwa-ke, lezi zici ezikhethekile akuzona zodwa ezimangaza ezilwaneni ezihlala olwandle oluvulekile futhi olujulile, kunezinye izici ezibangelwa ukujwayela ukuhlala ibanga leleveli yaphezulu:

  • Ubumpumputhe noma amehlo avame ukungasebenzi, ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanya;
  • Imilomo namazinyo amakhulu, kukhulu kaningi kunemizimba uqobo;
  • izisu ezixegayo, Iyakwazi ukumunca inyamazane enkulu kunesilwane uqobo lwaso.

Ungaba nentshisekelo kuhlu lwethu lwezilwane zasolwandle zangaphambi komlando, kuhlole.

Izilwane eziyi-10 ezihlala ngaphansi kolwandle nezithombe

Yize kusenokuningi ongakuhlola futhi ufunde ngakho, njalo ngonyaka kutholakala izinhlobo ezintsha abahlala kulezi zindawo ezingenakuhlaliseka emhlabeni. Ngezansi, sizokhombisa izibonelo eziyi-10 ngezithombe ze- izilwane ezihlala ngaphansi kolwandle ezikhonjwe ngumuntu futhi ezimangalisa kakhulu:

1. UCaulophryne jordani noma umdobi we-fanfin

Saqala uhlu lwethu lwezilwane zasolwandle olujulile nezinhlanzi kaulophryne jordan, inhlanzi yomndeni waseCaulphrynidae enokubukeka okungafani nomzimba. kukala phakathi 5 no 40 amasentimitha futhi sinomlomo omkhulu onamazinyo abukhali, asabekayo. Lo muntu obukeka eyindilinga unikezwa nge izitho ezizwelayo ngendlela yezinsipho, okusebenzela ukuthola ukuhamba kwezilwane. Ngokufanayo, i-antenna yayo isebenza ukuheha nokudoba isisulu sayo.

2. Inyoka kashaka

Ushaka wenyoka (IChlamydoselachus anguineus) kubhekwa njenge- "izinsalela eziphilayo", njengoba kungenye yezinhlobo ezindala kakhulu eMhlabeni ezingazange ziguquke ngesikhathi sokuziphendukela kwayo kusukela ngaphambi komlando.

Kugqama ukuba yisilwane esinde nesikhulu, esinesilinganiso se- 2 amamitha ubude, yize kukhona abantu abafinyelela i- 4 amamitha. Umhlathi kashaka wenyoka une Imigqa engu-25 enamazinyo angama-300, futhi inamandla ikakhulukazi, ivumela ukuthi idle inyamazane enkulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inezikhala ezingama-gill eziyisithupha, iyabhukuda umlomo wayo uvulekile futhi ukudla kwayo kusekelwe ezinhlanzini, iskwidi noshaka.

3. Dumbo octopus

Ngaphansi kwegama elithi "octopus-dumbo" sichaza izilwane ezijule olwandle ezisohlobo Grimpoteuthis, ngaphakathi kwe-octopus. Igama liphefumulelwe ngesinye sezici zomzimba zalezi zilwane, ezinamaphiko amabili ekhanda, njengendlovu edumile yeDisney. Kodwa-ke, kuleli cala amaphiko asiza i-octopus-dumbo ukuzithuthukisa nokubhukuda.

Lesi silwane siphila phakathi Amamitha ayi-2 000 no-5 000 ujule, futhi uzondla ngezibungu, iminenke, ama-copepod nama-bivalve, ngenxa yokuqhutshwa ngamandla okwenziwa ngamasiphon ayo.

4. Goblin ushaka

Ushaka wegoblin (UMitsukurina owstoni) esinye isilwane esivela olwandle olujulile esivame ukumangaza kakhulu. Lolu hlobo lungalinganisa phakathi kwamamitha amabili kuya kwamathathu, nokho, ivelele umhlathi wayo, ugcwele amazinyo abukhali kakhulu, kanye nokunwebeka okuphuma ebusweni bayo.

Kodwa-ke, into ephawuleka kakhulu ngalokhu kungukukwazi kwayo phakamisa umhlathi wakho phambili lapho uvula umlomo wakho. Ukudla kwabo kusekelwe ezinhlanzini ze-teleost, ama-cephalopods nonkala.

5. Inhlanzi Emnyama KaDeveli

Inhlanzi emnyama kasathane (UMelanocetus johnsonii) yinhlanzi yakwalasha evela Amasentimitha angama-20, ezondla kakhulu ngama-crustaceans. Ihlala ekujuleni kolwandle okuphakathi kwamamitha ayi-1 000 no-3 600, efinyelela kumamitha ayi-4,000 ukujula. Kubukeka abanye bengakuthola kusabeka, kanye nokubukeka kwe-gelatinous. Le nhlanzi yasolwandle olujulile ivelele eyayo bioluminescence, njengoba ine "isibani" esikusiza ukhanyise indawo yakho emnyama.

Uma unentshisekelo yokwazi izilwane eziningi ezihlala ngaphansi kolwandle, bheka futhi nendatshana yethu ngezilwane eziyisihlanu zasolwandle eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni.

6. I-Bubblefish

Inhlanzi ebubble, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-dropfish (Ama-Psychrolute marcidus), singesinye sezilwane zasolwandle eziyivelakancane emhlabeni, sinokubukeka i-gelatinous futhi ngaphandle kwemisipha, ngaphezu kwamathambo athambile. Ihlala ngaphakathi kwamamitha angu-4,000 ukujula, futhi izishaya isifuba ngomklomelo wokuqala "wezinhlanzi ezimbi kunazo zonke emhlabeni", ngokusho kwe-Ugly Animal Preservation Society. Izinyathelo ezingaba yifidi ubude. Lesi silwane esiyinqaba asihlali, asinamazinyo futhi yondla kuphela amazinyo asondela emlonyeni wayo.

7. Inhlanzi yedrako

Inhlanzi yedrako (ama-stomias amahle) inomzimba oyisicaba futhi omude, phakathi Amasentimitha angama-30 no-40 yobude. Umlomo, osayizi omkhulu, une amazinyo abukhali amade, kangangokuba abanye abantu abakwazi ukuvala imilomo yabo ngokuphelele.

8. I-fish-ogre

Isilwane esilandelayo kuhlu lwethu lwezilwane zasolwandle olujulile yizinhlanzi ze-ogre, okuwukuphela kohlobo lwezinhlanzi emndenini. Anoplogastridae. Imvamisa zikala phakathi kwamasentimitha ayi-10 kuya kwayi-18 ubude futhi zinazo amazinyo angalingani kuqhathaniswa nawo wonke umzimba wakho. Inhlanzi ye-ogre ayinamandla we-bioluminescence, ngakho-ke indlela yayo yokuzingela iqukethe thula phansi olwandle kuze kube yilapho isisulu sisondela futhi siyithola ngezinzwa zayo.

9. Isibungu sePompeii

Isibungu se-pompei (alvinella pompejana) inobude obucishe bube ngamasentimitha ayi-12. Inamatende ekhanda nokubukeka koboya. Lesi sibungu sihlala sinamathele ezindongeni ze- izintaba-mlilo eziphehla intaba-mlilo, emiseleni yolwandle. Ilukuluku ngalezi zilwane ezijule olwandle ukuthi zingasinda emazingeni okushisa afinyelela ku-80ºC.

10. Imbaza

Siluqedile uhlu lwethu lwezilwane zasolwandle olujulile nge-viperfish (chauliodus danae), inhlanzi yolwandle enwetshiwe, engamasentimitha angama-30 ubude, ehlala ekujuleni okungafika kumamitha angama-4,400. Okumangaza kakhulu ngale nhlanzi yilezi amazinyo abukhali ngenaliti, alisebenzisa ukuhlasela inyamazane ngemuva kokuziheha nezakhe izithombe ze-bioluminescent, noma izitho ezilula, ezitholakala emzimbeni wonke.

Funda kabanzi ngezilwane zasolwandle ezingandile endabeni yethu ngezilwane zasolwandle ezinobuthi kakhulu eBrazil.

Izilwane Zasolwandle Olujulile: Izinhlobo Eziningi

Ukuqedela uhlu lwezidalwa zasolwandle ezijulile, nalu uhlu olunamanye amagama ayi-15 we izilwane ezihlala ngaphansi kolwandle kuyaqabukela futhi kuyamangaza:

  1. I-octopus enombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
  2. izinhlanzi ze-grenadier
  3. inhlanzi enamehlo
  4. inhlanzi yezembe
  5. saber izinhlanzi
  6. inhlanzi ye-pelican
  7. Ama-Amphipods
  8. I-Chimera
  9. inkanyezi
  10. isopod enkulu
  11. izinhlanzi zomngcwabo
  12. Ingulube enkulu
  13. I-jellyfish enezinwele noma i-jellyfish yamabhubesi
  14. Isihogo Vampire Squid
  15. Kugwinya iBlackfish