I-aposematism yezilwane - incazelo nezibonelo

Umlobi: Peter Berry
Usuku Lokudalwa: 18 Ujulayi 2021
Ukuvuselela Usuku: 14 Unovemba 2024
Anonim
I-aposematism yezilwane - incazelo nezibonelo - Izifufuzo Ezifuywayo
I-aposematism yezilwane - incazelo nezibonelo - Izifufuzo Ezifuywayo

-Delile

Ezinye izilwane zine- Umbala omkhulu kakhulu ebamba kalula ukunakwa. Abanye baze babe namaphethini amahle afaka phakathi zonke izinhlobo zezimo zejometri ezifanele umdwebo weCubist. Umphumela uba izimvemvane ezinhle, amabhungane anemibala yensimbi noma amaxoxo ome njengeqanda.

Imibala yalezi zilwane iyamangalisa futhi iveza isikhundla salo ophethe maqondana nezidliwayo. Ngokusobala, singasho ukuthi abanayo inzuzo eningi yokusinda, kepha empeleni umbala wabo usebenza njengesivikelo. Ngabe ufuna ukwazi ukuthi kungani? Kule ndatshana kaPeritoAnimal, sikhuluma ngokungathandwa kwezilwane, incazelo yaso kanye nezibonelo ezinelukuluku kakhulu zemvelo.


Incazelo ye-aposematism

I-Aposmatism iyindlela yokwenza isilwane xosha abakuzingelayo ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu. ukwenzela ukuba ngumnikazi amaphethini ombala izexwayiso ezikhomba kalula zobuthi, ukunambitheka okungathandeki, noma amasistimu okuvikela.

Ngenxa yalokhu, umhlaseli ufunda ukubona amaphethini ombala futhi awahlobanise nesisulu esiyingozi noma esingemnandi. Ngakho-ke, unquma ukuthi kungcono ukuyofuna ukudla kwenye indawo.

I-aposematism yezilwane iyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuxhumana. Esihlokweni esilandelayo se-ExpertAnimal, ungafunda ngezinye izinhlobo zokuxhumana phakathi kwezilwane.

I-Aposmatism embusweni wezilwane nasekuziphendukeleni kwemvelo

I-aposematism yezilwane yiyona umphumela wokuvela kwezinto eziphilayo abanayo nezidliwayo zayo. Ngokuvamile, inyamazane enamaphethini abonakala kalula njengengozi kungenzeka ukuthi isinde. Ngenxa yalokhu, lezi zilwane zinenzalo eningi futhi zidlulisela izakhi zazo zofuzo esizukulwaneni esilandelayo, esizodla ifa lemibala yazo.


Ngokufanayo, izidalwa ezingaziboni lezi zindlela ziyajabula noma zife. Ngakho-ke, labo abakwaziyo ukubona isisulu esinobuthi noma esiyingozi yibo abasindile futhi abangashiya inzalo eningi. Ngale ndlela, izidalwa eziphikisayo kanye nezisulu ziphenduke ndawonye futhi "bazikhethele" ngokwabo ngokuziphendukela kwemvelo.

I-Aposematism nokulingisa kwezilwane

Lapho izinhlobo eziningana zezilwane zikhombisa iphethini efanayo yemibala etholwe ngokuzimela ye-aposematic, kuthiwa zithole i-a inqubo yokulingisa. Uma bobabili banezinhlelo zokuzivikela, kungokulingisa kweMüllerian; kepha uma oyedwa wabo engazivikela, sikhuluma ngokulingisa kweBatesian. Endabeni yokugcina, sithi ukukopisha noma "ukuqamba amanga" kwezinhlobo zine-aposematism yamanga.

I-Aposematism kuma-ladybugs

Ama-ladybugs yiColeoptera emndenini weCoccinellidae. Zivame ukuba bomvu ngokukhanyayo noma ophuzi ngombala. Le mibala ikhombisa ifayili le- ukunambitheka kwayo okungathandeki. Ngakho-ke, izidalwa ezizizamayo zinquma ukungazingeli futhi isilwane esinokubukeka okufanayo.


Ngenxa yokungathandi izilwane, ama-ladybugs angabhekwa njengezinye zezinambuzane ezinhle kakhulu emhlabeni. Okwaziwa kakhulu yi- ICoccinella septempunctata.

I-Aposematism kuma-butterfly e-monarch nase-viceroy

Uvemvane i-monarch (UDanaus plexippus) inombala omuhle osawolintshi, omnyama nomhlophe. Lesi sinambuzane sondla izitshalo zohlobo lwegciwane Asclepias ezinengxenye enobuthi. Nokho, kunokuba luthintwe, uvemvane i-monarch iqoqa lobu buthi emzimbeni wakho njengendlela yokuzivikela ezilwaneni eziyizingelayo.

Uvemvane ongu-viceroy (Ukugcinwa komlando we-Limenitis) nayo inobuthi futhi icishe ifane ngombala novemvane i-monarch. Ngenxa yalokhu, izidumbu kufanele zazi kuphela iphethini yombala futhi wonke umuntu uyawina.

I-Aposematism ngeminyovu

Izinhlobo eziningi zeminyovu (i-taxa ehlukile ngokulandelana kwe-Hymenoptera) inezindandatho eziphuzi nezimnyama ezihambisana nezisu zazo. Abazingelayo bakho bayakuhumusha lokhu ukufaka imibala njengengozi, ngakho-ke abalokothi bangazidli. Abakwenzi ngaphandle kwesizathu, ngoba iminyovu inesiluma esinamandla kakhulu. Isibonelo esihle kakhulu ngumnyovu waseYurophu (umnyovu we-crabro).

I-Aposematism ku-mantis shrimp

Imfanzi yemantis (I-Gonodactylus smithii) uhlala etsheni lamakhorali lase-Australia. I-crustacean enombono onelungelo nemibala ekhanyayo kakhulu. Kuyindlela ye- isilwane esinobuthi futhi kuyingozi kakhulu.

Ngenxa yamapiniki ayo acijile, ishaya inyamazane yayo ngokusheshisa okukhulu, kangangoba ibangela ukuqhuma emanzini futhi ingabulala ezinye izilwane ngaphandle kokuwashaya ngqo.

Ngeminye imininingwane, ungaba nentshisekelo kule enye indatshana emayelana nezilwane eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni.

I-aposematism yezilwane kuma-salamanders

Ama-salamanders (oda i-Urodelos) anakho ubuthi besikhumba futhi kaningi ezinye izinto ezinobuthi ezingafuthwa kude. Abaningi babo baxwayisa izilwane zabo ezidlayo ngenxa yokungathandwa kwezilwane. Isibonelo esihle salokhu imibala ophuzi nomnyama wentulo evamile (intulo yokuhleba).

Esinye isibonelo yiSalamandra Terdigitata (I-Salamandrin sp.), enengxenye yomzimba edayiwe ebomvu, emnyama nomhlophe. Okubomvu kugxilwe ngemuva, emsileni nasemilenzeni. Uma ziphazamisekile, ziphakamisa ikhanda nemilenze yazo ngenkathi zigobisa umsila wazo ngasekhanda. Ngakho-ke, bakhombisa umbala obomvu futhi baxoshe izilwane ezidlayo.

I-Aposematism kuma-Opossum

I-Mephitidae (umndeni weMephitidae) yizilwane ezincelisayo ezimnyama nezimhlophe. Le mibala ayisizi ukuzifihla ezindaweni eziphila kuzo lapho kuhlala khona ama-skunks, kepha kuyizinkomba zokuvikela okufihliwe: iphunga elingathandeki elifihlwe izindlala zakho zangasese. Lesi ngesinye sezibonelo ezimbalwa zokuphambuka kwesilwane ezilwaneni ezincelisayo.

Enye yama-possum athandwa kakhulu yi- i-mephitis mephitis, eyaziwa njenge-possum enemigqa.

Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- I-aposematism yezilwane - incazelo nezibonelo, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu se-Curiosities somhlaba wezilwane.