-Delile
- izimvemvane zaseBrazil
- indima yezimvemvane
- Ibhokisi uvemvane (I-Herclides thoas)
- Ivemvane leManaca (Methona themisto)
- Izimvemvane Zezimbali Zothando (UHeliconius)
- Uvemvane olungabonakali (Igolide leGreta)
- Uvemvane lwe-Ghost (Cithaerias phantoma)
- 'ICampoleta' (Ama-choretrus e-euryades)
- Orobrassolis Ornamentalis
- Uvemvane ophuzi (I-Phoebis philea philea)
- UCaptain-of-the-mato uvemvane (I-Morpho helenor)
- I-Blue Silk Butterfly (iMorpho Anaxibia)
- Izimvemvane zaseBrazil zisongela ngokuqothulwa
ukuhleleka I-Lepidoptera, okubandakanya izimvemvane namabhu, kubhekwa njengesibili ngobukhulu phakathi kwezinambuzane eziningi zezinhlobo. Lokhu kubonisa, emhlabeni jikelele, i-16% yazo zonke izinhlobo zezinambuzane. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi kwiplanethi enguMhlaba kunezinkulungwane eziyi-120 zezinhlobo zeLepidoptera, kanti 'kuphela' izinkulungwane eziyi-18 eziyizimvemvane namabhu asele. INingizimu Melika kanye neCaribbean nabo bagqama ngokuhlukahluka kwabo okunothile kwezimvemvane, okuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-7.5 kuya kwezingu-8,000, cishe ezi-3 500 zalezi eziseBrazil. Ngamanye amagama, kukhona uvemvane oluningi oluhle laphaya ongalujabulela.
Ukuze ukwazi ukuyibona eduze futhi ngokuningiliziwe, kulokhu okuthunyelwe kwePeritoAnimal esikukhethile Izimvemvane eziyi-10 zaseBrazil, izithombe nezici, yinhle ukuze uphile ukuze ubheke noma isiphi isibonakaliso sesinye sazo esiseduze nawe.
izimvemvane zaseBrazil
IBrazil, iColombia, i-Ecuador nePeru bancintisana ngesihloko esingekho samazwe anezinhlobo eziningi zezimvemvane emhlabeni. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi eBrazil kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-3 500 zezimvemvane, ezingama-57 zazo ezisongelwa ngokuqothulwa ngokwedatha evela ku-EMBRAPA[1].
Njengakwezinye izimo, izinhlobonhlobo zezimvemvane zaseBrazil zihlobene ngqo nengcebo yethu yemvelo nokwandiswa kwayo. Ngokuya ngezinombolo ezirekhodiwe, i-Atlantic Forest yi-biome yaseBrazil enezinhlobo eziningi zezimvemvane ezirekhodiwe, kukhona cishe ama-2,750. ECerrado, ikakhulukazi, cishe izinhlobo eziyinkulungwane zezimvemvane kuze kufike ezinkulungwaneni eziyisishiyagalombili zamabhu.
indima yezimvemvane
Kusukela esigabeni sabo sesibungu, izimvemvane zifeza indima ebalulekile ekugcineni ibhalansi yezimbali ngokudla imifino nangempova, lapho sezivele zinezimvemvane. Ukuchasisa amacimbi, isibonelo, kuthonya ngqo ukulingana komncintiswano phakathi kwezinhlobo zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene ngokushiya isikhala sezinye izitshalo ukuba zikhule futhi kwandise ukuhamba ngebhayisikili kwezakhi.
Okwamanje, izimvemvane zenza impova ngokwenza lula ukuzalaniswa ngokobulili nokuzalaniswa kwezinhlobo zezitshalo. Ngamanye amagama, kunobudlelwano bokuthembela ngqo phakathi kwezimvemvane zaseBrazil nezimbali zasendaweni.
Bheka ezinye zezinhlobo zezimvemvane eziyizifanekiselo, ezibabazekayo nezingavamile eBrazil bese ubheka izithombe:
Ibhokisi uvemvane (I-Herclides thoas)
Lokhu kungenye ye- izimvemvane ezivela eBrazil kanye nalo lonke izwekazi laseMelika elingabonakala ngokukhululeka okuncane ngoba akulona elincane kangako: amasentimitha ayi-14 ngamaphiko ubude. Indawo yayo engokwemvelo ihlanza emahlathini lapho kunelanga eliningi khona.
Ivemvane leManaca (Methona themisto)
Yize kwenzeka kakhulu ehlathini lase-Atlantic, kungenzeka ukuwabona ezindaweni ezisemadolobheni, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinomswakama nezinomthunzi.
Izimvemvane Zezimbali Zothando (UHeliconius)
Izimvemvane i-heliconia zingatholakala ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zezwekazi laseMelika, kufaka phakathi iBrazil yaseAmazon, futhi zihlala zaziwa ngamaphiko azo ahlangane, amehlo amakhulu kanye nenhlanganisela yemibala ehluka ngemibala emnyama, ensundu, ephuzi, ewolintshi, ebomvu naluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Uvemvane olungabonakali (Igolide leGreta)
Yize ebonakala kakhulu eMelika Ephakathi, loluvemvane olusobala aluvamile, kepha futhi luhlala eBrazil. Ngaphezu 'kovemvane olusobala', yaziwa nangokuthi 'uvemvane lwe-crystal' ngezizathu ezisobala.
Uvemvane lwe-Ghost (Cithaerias phantoma)
Lezi zinhlobo ze-neotropical zihlala emahlathini ashisayo eNingizimu Melika, kufaka phakathi i-Amazon. Ukubukeka kwayo okuguqukayo kuyazichaza maqondana negama laso.
'ICampoleta' (Ama-choretrus e-euryades)
ICampoleta yisiteketiso salolu hlobo lwendabuko lwasemathafeni aseningizimu yeBrazil lapho ukwanda kwabantu kuncipha ngenxa yokucekelwa phansi kwendawo abahlala kuyo.
Orobrassolis Ornamentalis
Zithathe njengomuntu onenhlanhla enkulu uma uhlangabezana nenye yalezi usendleleni. Isengozini yokuqothulwa, i- Orobrassolis Ornamentalis Izinhlobo zezimvemvane zaseBrazil sezibhekwa njengezingajwayelekile.
Uvemvane ophuzi (I-Phoebis philea philea)
Zitholakala kalula ezingadini nasemahlathini aseBrazil. Iyabonakala kalula ngombala wayo futhi ingafinyelela ephikweni le-9 cm.
UCaptain-of-the-mato uvemvane (I-Morpho helenor)
Lesi yisinhlobo esivamile seHlathi lase-Atlantic futhi singadonsela ukunaka ngosayizi waso: kufika ku-14 cm ngamaphiko. Imvamisa ayindizeli phezulu kakhulu, okuvumela ukuthi ibonwe 'kalula' okuthile.
I-Blue Silk Butterfly (iMorpho Anaxibia)
Lolu uhlobo lovemvane lwaseBrazil olukhona eningizimu naseningizimu-mpumalanga yezwe. Owesifazane uvame ukuba nsundu ngokwengeziwe, kanti owesilisa ugqame ngokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okucwebezelayo, ngenxa ye-dimorphism yezocansi.
Izimvemvane zaseBrazil zisongela ngokuqothulwa
Ngokuya ngemininingwane eyethulwe yiChico Mendes Institute,[2] e izimvemvane zaseBrazil bamele iqembu lezinambuzane elivela kakhulu ohlwini lukazwelonke lwezinhlobo ezisongelwayo. Izimbangela ezishiwo zifaka phakathi ukulahleka kwendawo yabo yemvelo, okunciphisa lokho futhi kwehlukanise abantu babo. Kusukela lapho, i-National Action Plan Yokonga i-Lepidoptera Esengozini [3], eyasungulwa ngo-2011, iphakamisa ukuqaliswa kwezinyathelo zokulondolozwa kwezimvemvane zaseBrazil.
Imizamo kanye nezifundo ezifanayo nazo zizinikele ekwenzeni imephu yezinhlobo zaseBrazil nokuzivikela. Laboratory ye-Butterfly ka-Unicamp[4], isibonelo, ikhuthaza izakhamizi ukuthi zithwebule izimvemvane ukuze zibhaliswe futhi zenziwe imephu ngososayensi. Uma uvemvane luwele indlela yakho, lujabulele ngokucophelela. Kungenzeka ukuthi uhlangabezana nezinhlobo ezithile ezingavamile futhi ezinhle impela.
Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- Izimvemvane zaseBrazil: amagama, izici nezithombe, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu sezilwane ezisengozini.