Umehluko phakathi kwe-alpaca ne-llama

Umlobi: Peter Berry
Usuku Lokudalwa: 18 Ujulayi 2021
Ukuvuselela Usuku: 14 Unovemba 2024
Anonim
Umehluko phakathi kwe-alpaca ne-llama - Izifufuzo Ezifuywayo
Umehluko phakathi kwe-alpaca ne-llama - Izifufuzo Ezifuywayo

-Delile

I-llama ne-alpaca yizilwane zomdabu zasezintabeni ze-Andes futhi zibaluleke kakhulu emazweni akulesi sifunda. Ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kanye nokuqothulwa kwamakhemikhali aseNingizimu Melika ngesikhathi sokuhlasela kweSpain, iminyaka eminingi bekungaziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi obani abangempela. imvelaphi ye-llama, alpaca nezinye izilwane ezomndeni owodwa. Yize le mvelaphi isivele icacisiwe, kuyinto ejwayelekile ukufuna ukwazi ukuthi i- umehluko phakathi kwe-alpaca ne-llama ngenxa yokufana kwazo okusobala.

Ngakho-ke, kulokhu okuthunyelwe kwePeritoAnimal, ngalo lonke ulwazi esiluqoqile, uzokwazi nokuthi ukwazi ngokweqiniso umehluko phakathi kwe-alpaca ne-llama, kubalulekile ukwazi izihlobo zabo zase-Andean: a i-vicuna ne-guanaco. Sawubona, ngiyajabula ukukwazi!


i-alpaca ne-llama

Ngaphezu kokusika okuvamile, ukudideka phakathi kwe- i-llama ne-alpaca kuqondakala kangcono njengoba bobabili bengabomndeni ofanayo waseCamelidae, ofana namakamela, amadomedari, i-vicuña ne-guanaco - konke kuyizilwane ezincelisayo ama-artiodactyls akhanyayo.

Ukufana phakathi kwe-llamas ne-alpaca

Ezinye izici ezijwayelekile ezingasenza sidideke i-llama ne-alpaca yilezi:

  • Indawo yokuhlala ejwayelekile;
  • Ukudla okunomsoco;
  • Bahamba ngemihlambi;
  • Ubumnene obuthile;
  • Zikhafula lapho zithukuthele;
  • Ukubukeka komzimba;
  • Ijazi elithambile.

Ama-camelids aseNingizimu Melika

Ngokwe-athikili "Ama-systematics, taxonomy kanye nokufakwa kwasekhaya kwama-alpaca nama-llamas: ubufakazi obusha be-chromosomal kanye ne-molecular", eshicilelwe kwiChilean Journal of Natural History [1]ENingizimu Melika kunezinhlobo ezine zama-camelids aseNingizimu Melika, amabili awo asendle kanti amabili afuyiwe, yilezi:


  • IGuanaco(Lama guanicoe);
  • Llama (udaka lwe-glam);
  • UVicuna(Vicugna vicugna);
  • I-Alpaca(IVicuna pacos).

Eqinisweni, njengoba sizobona ngezansi, ngaphandle kokufana ngokomzimba nokuthandwa, i-llama ifana kakhulu ne-guanaco, njengoba ne-alpaca ifana ne-vicuña, kunokufana phakathi I-llama x alpaca.

Umehluko phakathi kwe-llama ne-alpaca

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-llama ne-alpaca iqiniso lokuthi zivela izinhlobo ezahlukene: Udaka lweGlama neVicuna pacos. Umsuka we-llamas ne-alpaca yisihloko esiphikisayo phakathi kwabafundi. Njengoba kuchaziwe, izinga eliphakeme lokuxuba lenze kwaba nzima kakhulu ukutadisha izinhlobo. Ngaphandle kokufana, ngokusho kwendatshana ekhonjiwe ku-Revista Chilena de História Natural [1], empeleni, ukukhuluma ngokofuzo, Ama-guanacos asondele kuma-llamas, kuyilapho ama-vicuñas asondele kuma-alpaca ezingeni le-chromosomal ne-taxonomic.


ILlama VS Alpaca

Noma kunjalo, ngaphandle kokubheka i-DNA, kukhona umehluko obonakala ngokusobala phakathi kwe-alpaca ne-llama:

  • Usayizi: i-alpaca ngokusobala incane kune-llama. Okufanayo kuya ngesisindo, i-llamas inzima kune-alpaca;
  • Intamo: qaphela ukuthi ama-llamas anentambo ende futhi angadlula ubukhulu bomuntu omdala;
  • Izindlebe: ngenkathi ama-llamas enezindlebe ezinde ezikhonjiwe, ama-alpaca anezindilinga eziningi;
  • Impumulo: i-alpaca inempumulo ende kunazo zonke, evele kakhulu;
  • Ijazi: uboya be-llama buqine;
  • Ubuntu: ama-alpaca anamahloni kakhulu kubantu, kuyilapho ama-llamas aziwa njengophumayo futhi 'anesibindi'.

I-Alpaca (Vicugna pacos)

Ukufuywa kwe-Alpaca kulinganiselwa ukuthi kwaqala eminyakeni eyizi-6,000 noma engama-7,000 eyedlule e-Andes yasePeru. Namuhla ingatholakala eChile, e-Andean Bolivia nasePeru, lapho kutholakala khona inani elikhulu labantu.

  • Ezasekhaya;
  • Encane kune-llama;
  • Imibala engama-22 yemibala eqala kokumhlophe kuye kokumnyama (kusundu nampunga);
  • Ijazi elide, elithambile.

uyacaca incane kune-llama, ilinganisa phakathi kuka-1.20 m kuya ku-1.50 m futhi ingakwazi isisindo esifinyelela ku-90 kg. Ngokungafani ne-llama, i-alpaca ayisetshenziswa njengesilwane sokupakisha. Kodwa-ke, i-alpaca (uboya) fibre nayo iqhuba umnotho wendawo namuhla futhi i-fiber yayo ibhekwa 'njengebaluleke kakhulu' kune-llama.

Njengasendabeni yama-llamas, ama-alpaca nawo ayaziwa ngokuphendula ngamathe ukuze azivikele, yize eyisilwane esithobekile. IHuacaya neSuri yilezi zinhlanga ezimbili kusuka kuVicugna Pacos futhi ahlukaniswa ngohlobo lwejazi.

i-llama (udaka lwe-glama)

I-llama yona, yiyo I-camelid enkulu kunazo zonke eNingizimu Melika, enesisindo esifinyelela ku-150 kg. IBolivia njengamanje iyizwe elinama-llamas amaningi kakhulu, kepha ingatholakala nase-Argentina, eChile, ePeru nase-Ecuador.

  • I-camelid enkulu kunazo zonke eNingizimu Melika;
  • Zikala kufika ku-1.40 bese zikala kufika ku-150 kg;
  • Ezasekhaya;
  • Ijazi elide, elinoboya;
  • Umbala kusuka kokumhlophe kuye kobunsundu obumnyama.

Izifundo zilinganisela ukuthi okungenani iminyaka engu-6,000 the I-llama yayivele ifuywe e-Andes ngama-Inca (ukuthuthwa kwempahla kanye nokukhiqizwa koboya), kwahambisa umnotho wendawo futhi kwahambisana namabutho asebukhosini, okwaba nomthelela ekusatshalalisweni kwawo kuso sonke isifunda. Nanamuhla, ijazi layo elide, elinoboya ngemibala ehluka kusuka kokumhlophe kuya konsundu emnyama kungumthombo wokusinda emindenini yendawo kulezi zifunda.

Njengama-alpaca, adla utshani, utshani notshani. ngaphandle kwe- ukuthula nokuzola, bangacasuka kalula futhi bathimule ngokulethwe kulesi simo.

I-Vicuña (Vicugna vicugna)

Yize bengahlobene, abanye baphambanisa nama-vicunas nama-antelopes aseNyakatho Melika (i-Antelope, ngenxa yokubukeka kwawo, ubukhulu nendlela ahamba ngayo). Bajwayele ukuhamba ngamaqembu omndeni noma abesilisa, kuyaqabukela ukubona i-vicuña izulazula yodwa, kepha lapho ibonwa, imvamisa iba ngabesilisa abangashadile abangenayo imihlambi.

  • Izinhlobo ezincane kunazo zonke emndenini, ezilinganisa ubukhulu obungu-1.30m nesisindo esifinyelela ku-40 kg;
  • Umbala onsundu ngokubomvu onsundu emhlane omhlophe, esiswini nasethangeni, ubuso obukhanyayo;
  • Amazinyo afana nalawo amagundane;
  • Izikebhe ezihlukaniswe ngokujulile;
  • Kuyasendle.

Ngokuya ngocwaningo olushicilelwe nguCristián Bonacic [2], phakathi kwamakamela e-Andes, i-vicuna iyona enayo usayizi omncane (Ilinganisa ubude obungu-1.30 m ukuphakama ngesisindo esikhulu esingu-40 kg). Ngaphezu kobukhulu bayo, esinye isici esisihlukanisa nezinhlobo ezisemndenini waso yimikhumbi yaso ehlukaniswe ngokujule kakhudlwana, okuyivumela ukuba ihambe ngokushesha futhi ngesivinini ngaphezu kwemithambeka ejwayelekile namatshe axegayo ipuna, indawo yayo yokuhlala. Amazinyo ayo, afana nalawo amagundane, nawo awuhlukanisa nezinye izinhlobo. Kungenxa yosizo lwabo ukuthi zidla izihlahlana notshani obusondele emhlabathini.

Imvamisa ihlala ezifundeni zase-Andes (enkabeni yePeru, entshonalanga yeBolivia, enyakatho yeChile nasenyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Argentina) ezingamamitha angama-4,600 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. Ijazi layo elihle liyaziwa ngokuba wuluya osezingeni eliphakeme obuvikela emakhazeni esifunda, kodwa futhi belinenani eliphakeme lokuhweba kusukela esikhathini sangaphambi kweColombia.

IVicuna iyi-camelid eyayikade isengozini enkulu yokuqothulwa ngenxa yokuzingela kwayo ngokungemthetho. Kepha ngaphezu kwabantu, izinja ezifuywayo, ama-cougars nezimpungushe zase-Andes ngezinye zezilwane ezihlasela kakhulu.

I-Guanaco (Lama guanicoe)

IGuanaco ingabonakala ezindaweni ezomile nezomile eNingizimu Melika (iPeru, iBolivia, i-Ecuador, iColombia, iChile, ne-Argentina) endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-5,200, kanti njengamanje iPeru yizwe lapho kutholakala khona kakhulu.

  • I-artiodactyl enkulu yasendle eNingizimu Melika;
  • Ilinganiselwa ku-1.30m futhi ingafinyelela ku-90kg;
  • Umbala ungaba ngemibala ehlukene onsundu ngejazi elimhlophe esifubeni nasesiswini;
  • Ubuso obumpunga;
  • Izindlebe ziphakanyisiwe;
  • Amehlo amakhulu ansundu;
  • Ijazi elifushane;
  • Kuyasendle.

Kwehlukaniswa yi ijazi elifushane, kodwa futhi nangezindlebe ezincane, ezicijile namehlo ansundu akhanyayo. Esinye isici se Udaka lweGuanicoe okugqamayo yindlela yakhe enamandla yokuhamba kanye neqiniso lokuthi angafika ezinsukwini ezi-4 ngaphandle kwamanzi.

I-trivia mayelana nama-camelids aseNingizimu Melika

Zonke ziyazithuma bese zichamela phakathi ‘Izinqwaba zomquba womphakathi’, kusuka kubhendi yakho noma kwenye, okungaba wububanzi bonyawo namamitha amane ububanzi. Ezingeni lemvelo, kuyaziwa ukuthi esikhundleni salezi zinqwaba zendle nepee, ngemuva kwenkathi yemvula, kukhula uhlaza olucwebezelayo nolucwebezelayo, lume ngokuqina kwepuna.