Isifo Se-Bluetongue Ezilwaneni - Izimpawu kanye Nokuvimbela

-Delile

• Luyini ulimi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezilwaneni?
• Ingabe ulimi oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lungadluliselwa kubantu?
• Yiliphi igciwane elibangela isifo solimi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka?
• Izimpawu zeBluetongue ezilwaneni
• Izimpawu zemvu enegciwane lolimi:
• Ukuxilongwa kwesifo se-Bluetongue
• Ukulawulwa kolimi lwe-Bluetong ezilwaneni
• Ukuvinjelwa kolimi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezilwaneni

Isifo se-Bluetongue noma i-malignant bluetongue (MFC) inqubo ethelelanayo, kepha ayithelelani phakathi kwezilwane, njenge umiyane wokudlulisa. Izilwane ezisengozini yokutheleleka ngegciwane le-bluetongue ziyizilwane ezikhanyayo, kepha izimvu kuphela ezibonisa izimpawu zomtholampilo zalesi sifo. Abantu abanakuthinteka, ngakho-ke akuyona i-zoonosis.

Izinkomo yizona zigcini ezihamba phambili zegciwane ngenxa ye-viremia yazo ende. Ku-pathogenesis yalesi sifo, igciwane libangela ukulimala kwe-endothelium yemithambo yegazi. Ukuxilongwa kususelwa elabhorethri futhi alukho umuthi wokwelashwa, ngoba kuyisifo esiyisibopho sesaziso kuhlu A lweNhlangano Yezwe Yezempilo Yezilwane.

Qhubeka ufunde le ndatshana yePeritoAnimal ukuze ufunde ngakho konke Isifo Solimi Oluluhlaza - Izimpawu Nokuvimbela.

Luyini ulimi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezilwaneni?

Ulimi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma isifo solimi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yi izifo ezithathelwanayo kodwa ezingathathelani, okuthinta izilwane ezisendle ezifuywayo kepha ezidala izimpawu zomtholampilo ezimvwini kuphela.

Yize ulimi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lungaba khona ezinkomeni noma ezimbuzini, imvamisa azibonisi izimpawu zomtholampilo; kodwa-ke, izinkomo zivame ukuba ngumthombo oyintandokazi wegciwane lomiyane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, igciwane lingahlala egazini inyanga nenyanga nohhafu ukuze lithelele omiyane abalidlulisayo, ngokungafani nezimvu nezimbuzi lapho i-viremia ephezulu (igciwane egazini) ihlala isikhathi esingeqile ezinsukwini eziyi-15 .

Ngakho-ke, ulimi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezinkomeni nasezimbuzini akubalulekanga kangako, kepha kubalulekile ku-epidemiology yalesi sifo, ngoba zibhekwa njengezindawo zokugcina amagciwane omiyane, ikakhulukazi izinkomo. Thola kulesi esinye isihloko i izifo ezivame kakhulu ezinkomeni.

Ku- izimvu, lesi sifo singaba sibi kakhulu, nge ukufa okulingene kusuka ku-2% kuya ku-30%, yize ingafinyelela kuma-70%.

I-Malignant Bluetongue noma i-Bluetongue Disease yisifo esisohlwini lwe-OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code futhi kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi sibikwe ku-World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). Kuyisifo esibaluleke kakhulu kwezomnotho ezifundeni ezisendaweni, njengoba sikhiqiza ukulahleka kwezomnotho okuqondile ngenxa ukwehla komkhiqizo nokufa, futhi engaqondile ngentengo yezinyathelo zokuvimbela nemikhawulo ekuhwebeni ngezilwane.

Ingabe ulimi oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lungadluliselwa kubantu?

Cha, isifo solimi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka akuyona i-zoonosis, yisifo esithinta kuphela izinto ezisolisayo, ezinezimpawu noma ezingekho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ayidluliseli ngqo phakathi kwabo, ngoba idinga i-vector yokudlulisa, uma kwenzeka eyodwa, umiyane.

Yiliphi igciwane elibangela isifo solimi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka?

IBluetongue yisifo esidalwa yigciwane leBluetongue, a Igciwane le-RNA elingelomndeni Reoviridae kanye nobulili Ama-Orbiviruses, idluliswa ngabathwali. Ngokuqondile, bangomiyane bohlobo AmaCullicoids:

• Imicollicoides
• Ama-Cullicoides aphelelwe yisikhathi
• AmaCullicoides pulicaris
• ama-dewulfi Cullicoids

Lezi zimiyane zinomsebenzi wokuhwalala nasebusuku, futhi zitholakala ezindaweni ezinamazinga okushisa aphansi, nomswakama ophezulu emvelweni nasemoyeni. Ngakho-ke, ukudluliswa kwegciwane kwenzeka ikakhulukazi ku- izinkathi zemvula namazinga okushisa ashisayo.

Ngenxa yesidingo sokudluliswa okukhethekile yi-vector omiyane, izindawo zesifo solimi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zihambisana nezifunda ze-vector, ikakhulukazi EYurophu, eNyakatho Melika, e-Afrika, e-Asia, e-Australia kanye neziqhingi eziningana ezindaweni ezishisayo nakwezifudumele.

Ngaphezu kokutheleleka kwabesifazane balezi zimiyane ngenxa yomkhuba wabo wokumunca igazi, kuye kwabonwa ukuthi ukudluliswa kwe-transplacental kanye nesidoda.

Igciwane elibanga ulimi oluluhlaza linama-serotypes angaphezu kwama-27, kepha azimele futhi awaphenduli, ngoba ukugoma okuyimpoqo okucacisiwe kweserotype okukhulunywa ngayo ngokuqubuka ngakunye.

Izimpawu zeBluetongue ezilwaneni

Igciwane le-bluetongue malignant fever virus noma i-bluetongue liyaziphindaphinda ekuqaleni kokutheleleka ku-vascular epithelium kanye ne-lymph node zesifunda. Ukusuka lapho, isakazeka ngegazi iye kwamanye ama-lymph node namaphaphu, evikelwe ngokungeniswa kumaseli abomvu egazi. Igciwane kubangela ukulimala ikakhulu endothelium yemithambo yegazi, okungadala i-edema, i-vasculitis, ukopha, i-microthrombi ne-necrosis.

Igciwane le-Bluetongue lingaphindaphindeka kuma-macrophage ashukumisayo nama-lymphocyte. Ukulimala kubonakala kakhulu ku- umgodi womlomo, uzungeze umlomo kanye nezinselo.

Izimpawu zemvu enegciwane lolimi:

• Umkhuhlane izinsuku ezingama-5-7 ngemuva kokutheleleka.
• Iseva ekucinzeni uketshezi lwe-hemorrhagic.
• Iseva ekusithekeni kweso elopha.
• Ukuvuvukala kwezindebe, ulimi nomhlathi.
• I-Psyalorrhea (i-hypersalivation).
• Ukucindezeleka.
• I-Anorexia.
• Ubuthakathaka.
• Ukuhamba ngezinyonga.
• Ukuwa koboya.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula.
• Uhudo oluningi.
• Ukuhlanza.
• Inyumoniya.
• Izisu.
• I-Hyperemia eqenjini le-coronary lezinselo.
• I-Edema ebusweni nasentanyeni.
• Ukopha nokuguguleka emgodini womlomo nangamakhala.
• Ukuphuma komthambo we-pulmonary.
• Ukopha esikhunjeni nezicubu ezixhuma.
• Imisipha necrosis.
• Amaphaphu edema.
• Ukuvuvukala kolimi kanye ne-cyanosis (ulimi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka).

Siyakugcizelela ukuthi igciwane lolimi ayizivezi izimpawu zomtholampilo ezinkomeni nasezimbuzini, ngakho-ke sigxile kuzimpawu zezimvu.

Ukuqonda kangcono izimpawu zenkomo egulayo - izimpawu zobuhlungu ezinkomeni, ungaphuthelwa le enye i-athikili yePeritoAnimal.

Ukuxilongwa kwesifo se-Bluetongue

Njengoba kunikezwe lezi zimpawu ezingenhla ezimvwini, kufanele kubhekwe lezifo ezilandelayo:

• Ulimi oluluhlaza noma oluluhlaza.
• I-Pododermatitis ethathelwanayo.
• I-Ectima iyathathelana.
• Isifo somlenze nomlomo.
• Isifo esincane esikhanyayo.
• Umkhuhlane WaseRift Valley.
• Ingulube yezimvu.

Ngaphezu kwezimpawu zokwelashwa ezikhuliswa yimvu, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. ukuthatha amasampuli bese siyithumela elabhorethri ukuze ihlolwe ngqo noma ngokungaqondile igciwane. Wena ukuhlolwa okuqondile ezithola igciwane egazini nase-serum nge-EDTA, ulimi, i-mucosa yamakhala, ubende, amaphaphu, ama-lymph node noma inhliziyo yile:

• Ukuthwebula i-antigen ELISA.
• I-immunofluorescence eqondile.
• I-RT-PCR.
• I-Seroneutralization.

Wena ukuhlolwa okungaqondile ukubheka ama-antibody egciwane ku-serum yezimvu ezingagonyiwe yilezi:

• U-Elisa ovela emncintiswaneni.
• Engaqondile ELISA.
• I-Agar gel immunodiffusion.
• I-Seroneutralization
• Okunamathiselwe Komphelelisi.

Ukulawulwa kolimi lwe-Bluetong ezilwaneni

Akukho ukwelashwa kolimi lwe-bluetongue noma lwe-malignant bluetongue. Ngoba yisifo esaziwayo kuhlu lwe-OIE A futhi olonakalisa izimvu kakhulu, ngeshwa ukwelashwa akuvunyelwe. Okudingwa ngumthethonqubo ukubulawa kwesilwane okuthelelekile nokucekelwa phansi kwemizimba yazo.

Njengoba uma izilwane ezinesifo zingakwazi ukwelashwa, ukulawulwa kwezifo kusekelwe Izindlela zokuvimbela ukuvimbela igciwane kanye nokutheleleka uma kwenzeka kukhona ukusola noma ukuvela kokuqubuka.

Ukuvinjelwa kolimi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezilwaneni

• Ukusungulwa kwendawo yokuvikela nendawo yokubheka.
• Vimbela ukuhamba kwezinambuzane ezisendaweni evikelekile.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane nokuxosha omiyane.
• Izilawuli ze-entomological and serological kuma-ruminants.
• Ukugonywa kwezimvu ezinesifo esithile sokuqubuka.
• Ukulawulwa kokuthuthwa kwezilwane nokubulala amagciwane ezimotweni ezisetshenzisiwe.
• Isimemezelo kuziphathimandla zawo wonke amacala amasha avelayo.

Ukuvimbela kahle isifo solimi lwe-bluetongue noma i-bluetongue ebulalayo kubalulekile ekusindiseni izimpilo zalezi zilwane.

Siyakugcizelela futhi ukuthi kubalulekile ukungadidanisi isifo solimi oluluhlaza nolimi oluluhlaza ezinjeni, olwenzeka ngezinye izizathu ezingahlobene nanoma yisiphi isifo. Funda i-athikili yethu ngezinja eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka: Izinhlobo nokuziphatha ukuze ubazi.

Lo mbhalo wenzelwe imininingwane kuphela, kwaPeritoAnimal.com.br asikwazi ukunquma ukwelashwa kwezilwane noma ukwenza noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuxilongwa. Siphakamisa ukuthi uthathe isilwane sakho uye kudokotela wezilwane uma kungenzeka ukuthi unanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesimo noma ukungaphatheki kahle.

Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- Isifo Se-Bluetongue Ezilwaneni - Izimpawu kanye Nokuvimbela, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu ngezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.