Izifo ezivame kakhulu konogwaja

-Delile

• Izinhlobo Zezifo Nokuvimbela Okuyisisekelo
• Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane
• Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane nezikhunta
• Izifo zangaphandle ezincetheza
• Izifo zangaphakathi zezinambuzane
• Izifo ezibangwa ngefa
• Ezinye izinkinga ezivamile zezempilo onogwaja

Uma unogwaja noma ucabanga ngokuwuthatha, kufanele uthole ngezinto ezimbalwa ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi unempilo enhle. Khumbula ukuthi unogwaja wakho wasekhaya, onakekelwa kahle futhi onempilo enhle, angaphila iminyaka ephakathi kuka-6 no-8.

Ngakho-ke, uma ufuna ukujabulela iminyaka eminingi nomngani wakho onamalebe amade, qhubeka ufunde le ndatshana entsha yePeritoAnimal futhi uthole ulwazi oluyisisekelo mayelana nezinkinga kanye izifo ezivame kakhulu konogwaja, ukwazi ukuthi kufanele wenze nini futhi uthathe umngani wakho uye kudokotela wezilwane.

Izinhlobo Zezifo Nokuvimbela Okuyisisekelo

Onogwaja bangahlushwa izifo ezinemvelaphi ehluke kakhulu, njenganoma yisiphi isidalwa esiphilayo. Sibe sesihlukanisa futhi sichaza izifo ezivame kakhulu ngokuya ngemvelaphi yazo - amagciwane, ukhunta, igciwane, isinambuzane, amafa nezinye izinkinga zempilo.

kakhulu Izifo zonogwaja ziqonde ngqo ezinhlotsheni zazo., okusho ukuthi azidlulisi phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezilwane. Ngaleyo ndlela, uma unesinye isilwane esihlala nomngani wakho esizokweqa, akudingeki ukhathazeke (ngokomthetho) ngokutheleleka ngezifo ezimbi.

Ukuze ukwazi ukuvimbela iningi lezifo nezinkinga ezivamile, kufanele alandele uhlelo lokugoma olukhonjiswa ngudokotela wezilwane, alondoloze inhlanzeko efanelekile, ahlinzeke ngokudla okwanele futhi okunempilo, aqinisekise ukuzivocavoca umzimba kanye nokuphumula okuhle, aqinisekise ukuthi unogwaja akanawo ingcindezi, ahlole umzimba noboya bakhe njalo, ngaphezu kokubheka indlela oziphatha ngayo ukuze, emininingwaneni emincane kakhulu ebonakala ingajwayelekile ekuziphatheni kwakho, thintana nodokotela wezilwane.

Ngokulandela le mihlahlandlela, uzozivikela kalula izinkinga zempilo. Uma zivela, uzokwazi ukuzibona ngesikhathi, okwenza ukutholakala koboya bakho kusheshe futhi kusebenze kahle. Ngokulandelayo, sizochaza izifo ezivame kakhulu zonogwaja ngokuya ngemvelaphi yazo.

Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane

• Intukuthelo: Lesi sifo esinegciwane sisakazeka emhlabeni wonke, kodwa futhi sesivele siqediwe ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba njengoba kukhona ukugoma okusebenzayo okuphoqelekile ezindaweni eziningi emhlabeni. Izilwane eziningi ezincelisayo zithintekile yilesi sifo, phakathi kwazo okukhona ne I-Oryctolagus cuniculus. Uma ukugoma kukanogwaja kusesikhathini, uvikela ukuxhumana okungenzeka nezilwane ezibonakala zigula ngamarabi, ungakhululeka. Kunoma ikuphi, kufanele wazi ukuthi alikho ikhambi nokuthi kungcono ukugwema ukwelula isikhathi sokuhlupheka kwesilwane esinegciwane.
  
  
• Unogwaja isifo esopha: Lesi sifo sibangelwa i-calicivirus futhi sidluliselwa ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingatheleleka ngokuqondile nangokungaqondile. Imizila yokungena yalesi sifo ingamakhala, ihlangana kanye nomlomo. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu izimpawu ezinovalo nezokuphefumula, ngaphezu kwe-anorexia nokunganaki. Njengoba leli gciwane lizibonakalisa ngolaka kakhulu, lidala ukudlikizela nokopha, igazi elithelelekile livame ukufa emahoreni ambalwa emva kokuqala kwezimpawu zokuqala. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuvikela lesi sifo ngokulandela uhlelo lokugoma olukhonjiswe ngudokotela wezilwane.Onogwaja bavame ukunikezwa umuthi wokugoma oba minyaka yonke ohlanganisa lesi sifo ne-myxomatosis.

• I-Myxomatosis: Izimpawu zokuqala zivela ezinsukwini ezinhlanu noma eziyisithupha emva kokutheleleka. Isilwane sithola ukungabi nayo inkanuko yokudla, ukuvuvukala kwejwabu leso, ukuvuvukala kwezindebe, izindlebe, amabele nezitho zangasese, ngaphezu kokuvuvukala kwekhala ngokufihla okusobala kwamakhala kanye nama-pustule azungeze ulwelwesi lwamafinyila. Akukho ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo, futhi okuhle ukusivimbela ngemithi yokugoma eyanele entwasahlobo nasehlobo, kanti ihlobo kuyisikhathi sonyaka esinobungozi obukhulu kakhulu. Izimoto noma abathumeli begciwane ababanga lesi sifo yizinambuzane ezihlasela igazi, okusho ukuthi zondla ngegazi, njengemiyane, ezinye izimpukane, imikhaza, amazenze, izintwala, izimpukane, njll. Onogwaja nabo bangatheleleka ngokuxhumana nabanye abantu asebevele begula. Izilwane ezigulayo zifa phakathi kwesonto lesibili nelesine ngemuva kokutheleleka.

Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane nezikhunta

• I-Pasteurellosis: Lesi sifo sinomsuka webhaktheriya futhi singenziwa yizinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene zamagciwane: ukulele futhi bordetella. Izici ezijwayeleke kakhulu ezithanda lokhu kutheleleka ngamagciwane wuthuli lokudla okomile okunika unogwaja wakho, imvelo nesimo sezulu sendawo ohlala kuyo kanye nengcindezi okungenzeka ukuthi iqongelelekile. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zifaka ukuthimula, ukuhogela kanye namafinyila amaningi emakhaleni. Ingelashwa ngama-antibiotic athile azosebenza kahle uma lesi sifo singaqhubeki kakhulu.

• Inyumoniya: Kulokhu, izimpawu nazo ziyaphefumula futhi zifaka ukuthimula, amafinyila emakhaleni, ukuhogela, ukukhwehlela, njll. Ngale ndlela, iyafana ne-pasteurellosis kepha ukutheleleka okujule kakhulu futhi kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu okufinyelela emaphashini. Ukwelashwa kwayo kwenziwa nangemithi elwa namagciwane ethile.

• I-Tularemia: Lesi sifo sebhaktheriya sibucayi kakhulu njengoba singenazo izimpawu, isilwane sivele siyeke ukudla. Kungatholakala kuphela ukuthi kunezivivinyo zaselabhoratri njengoba kungenakusekelwa kwizimpawu eziningi noma izivivinyo ezingenziwa ngaleso sikhathi ngesikhathi sokubonisana kwezilwane. Ngokungadli ukudla, unogwaja othintekile angafa phakathi kosuku lwesibili nolwesine. Lesi sifo sihambisana namazeze nezibungu.

• Amathumba ajwayelekile: Amathumba avame kakhulu konogwaja yizigaxa ezingaphansi kwesikhumba ezigcwele ubomvu futhi zibangelwa amagciwane. Kufanele uthintane nodokotela wezilwane wakho ukuze uqale ukwelashwa ngokushesha futhi kufanele welaphe ukuqeda ukutheleleka kwamagciwane kanye namathumba ngokwawo.

• I-conjunctivitis kanye nokutheleleka kwamehlo: Akhiqizwa ngamagciwane ezinkophe zonogwaja. Ukuvutha kwamehlo nokuvuleka kwamehlo okuningi kwenzeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezimeni ezibucayi, izinwele eziseduze kwamehlo zinamathela ndawonye, ​​amehlo agcwele ububomvu nezimfihlo ezivikela isilwane ekuvuleni amehlo, futhi kungahle kube nobomvu. I-Conjunctivitis ingaba ngamabhaktheriya, futhi imbangela ukucasuka kukhiqizwa ngama-allergen ahlukile njengothuli lwasendlini, intuthu kagwayi noma uthuli embhedeni wakho uma kuqukethe izinhlayiya eziguquguqukayo ezifana ne-sawdust. Kufanele ufake amathonsi wamehlo athile abekwe ngudokotela wezilwane othembekile inqobo nje uma ezokutshela.

• I-Pododermatitis: Yaziwa nangokuthi i-necrobacillosis, yenzeka lapho imvelo kanogwaja imanzi futhi inhlabathi esehokweni ayifanele kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kukhiqizwa amanxeba atheleleka ngamagciwane agcina ekhiqiza i-pododermatitis ezinqeni zonogwaja abanegciwane. Yisifo esithathelwanayo kakhulu, ngoba amabhaktheriya ahlala cishe kunoma iliphi iphuzu lamanxeba amancane noma ngisho nokuqhekeka esikhunjeni okungalimali empeleni. Funda kabanzi ngale nkinga ku-athikili yezilwane i-Perito mayelana nama-callus on paws onogwaja, ukwelashwa nokuvimbela kwawo.

• Ubenayo: Ikhiqizwa yisikhunta esithinta isikhumba sonogwaja. Ikhiqiza ngokushesha ngezinhlamvu. Ngakho-ke, uma kwenzeka, kunzima ukulawula ukutheleleka kwabanye abantu abahlalisanayo. Kuthinta izindawo ezingenaboya ezithatha isimo esiyindilinga nama-crust esikhunjeni, ikakhulukazi ebusweni besilwane.

• Izifo eziphakathi kwendlebe nezindlebe zangaphakathi: Lezi zinkinga zidalwa ngamagciwane futhi zithinta kakhulu isitho sokulinganisela esisendlebeni, kanti izimpawu ezisobala kakhulu ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi nokujikeleza kwekhanda ngapha nangapha, kuya ngendlebe ethintekile. Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuvela kuphela lapho isifo sesithuthukile, ngakho-ke, ababheki abayiboni inkinga kuze kube sekwephuzile. Kulesi sigaba, cishe alukho umuthi ovame ukusebenza ngempumelelo.
  
  
• I-coccidiosis: Lesi sifo esikhiqizwa yi-coccidia singesinye sezinogwaja ezibulala kakhulu. ICoccidia yizinto ezincane ezihlasela kusuka esiswini ziye koloni. Lezi zinambuzane ziphila ngokulinganisela ohlelweni lokugaya unogwaja ngendlela ejwayelekile, kepha uma kunamazinga aphezulu kakhulu okuxineka kanye namazinga aphansi okuvikela okubalulekile, icoccidia yanda ngokungalawuleki futhi ithinta unogwaja kabi. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ukulahleka kwezinwele, ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla okufana negesi eyeqile nokuhuda okuqhubekayo. Ekugcineni, unogwaja othintekayo uyeka ukudla nokuphuza amanzi, okubangela ukufa kwawo.

Izifo zangaphandle ezincetheza

• Utwayi: Ukhwekhwe lukhiqizwa izibungu ezidonsela ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene zesikhumba, luze lufinyelele nasemisipheni yesilwane esinezifo. Yilapho ezala khona futhi abekele amaqanda, lapho izibungu ezintsha zichanyuselwa khona zikhiqize ukulunywa okuningi, izilonda, uqweqwe, njll. Endabeni yonogwaja, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemange, leyo ethinta isikhumba somzimba jikelele kanti leyo ethinta izindlebe nezindlebe kuphela. Ukhwekhwe luyathathelana kakhulu phakathi konogwaja futhi ukudluliswa kwenzeka ngokuxhumana nezilwane esezigcwele kakade. Kungavinjelwa futhi kwelashwe nge-ivermectin.

• Amazeze nezintwala: Uma unogwaja wakho echitha ingxenye yosuku ngaphandle engadini noma ethintana nezinja noma amakati aphumela ngaphandle, kungenzeka ukuthi agcine enamazeze noma izintwala. Umfundisi kufanele akugweme ukukhupha izikelemu ikakhulu izilwane ezifuywayo ezingazithola kalula, njengezinja noma amakati. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele usebenzise i-antiparasitic ethize onogwaja aboniswe udokotela wezilwane wakho. Ngaphezu kwezinkinga zokulunywa ngokweqile okubangelwa ama-parasites, kufanele ucabangele ukuthi zine-hematophagous ngakho-ke zondla egazini lesilwane sakho ngokuluma kwazo. Zivame ukudlulisa izifo eziningi ngale ndlela, njenge-myxomatosis ne-tularemia.

Izifo zangaphakathi zezinambuzane

• Uhudo: Uhudo luvame kakhulu konogwaja banoma yibuphi ubudala, kodwa ikakhulukazi konogwaja abancane. Umgudu wokugaya ukudla kwalezi zilwane ezincelisayo ubucayi kakhulu futhi uyazwela. Ezinye zezimbangela ezivame kakhulu ukushintsha ngokungazelelwe ekudleni nasekudleni kokudla okusha okungageziwe kahle. Ngakho-ke, kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi noma yikuphi ukudla okusha kuhlanjwa kahle ngamanzi ngaphambi kokukunikeza unogwaja. Uma kufanele ushintshe indlela odla ngayo nganoma yisiphi isizathu, kufanele ukwenze kancane kancane: ukuxuba ukudla ofuna ukukukhipha kokusha futhi, kancane kancane, ukwethula okunye okusha futhi ususe okunye okudala. Ngakho-ke uhlelo lwakho lokugaya luqala ukuzivumelanisa kahle noshintsho ngaphandle kokudala izinkinga.

• Ukutheleleka ngeColiform: Siqukethe ukutheleleka kwesibili ngama-parasites angosomathuba. Uma unogwaja wethu usuvele uphethwe yi-coccidiosis, isibonelo, lesi sifo senza izifo zesekondari zivele kalula. Escherichia colifuthi uphawu oluyinhloko, kanye nenkinga ebucayi kunazo zonke eyivezayo, uhudo oluqhubekayo. Uma ingalashwa ngesikhathi nge-enrofloxacin ejojoweyo noma ihlanjululwe kahle emanzini kanogwaja, ingagcina ibangele ukufa kwesilwane.

Izifo ezibangwa ngefa

• Ukukhula kwamazinyo noma umhlathi ongaphezulu kanye / noma ophansi wokunciphisa ukungasebenzi kahle: Kuyinkinga ezuzwe ngofuzo eyenzeka ngenxa yokugcwala kwamazinyo, kungaba ama-incisors aphezulu noma aphansi, agcina esusa i-mandible noma umhlathi emuva ngenxa yezinkinga zesikhala. Lokhu kwenza unogwaja wakho angakwazi ukondla kahle futhi, ezimweni ezinzima, angafa nokufa yindlala uma ungavakasheli i-vet njalo ukuyosikwa noma isongwe amazinyo. Ukudla okunempilo kufanele futhi kwenziwe lula uma kuqinisekiswa ukuthi awudli wedwa. Thola kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ungenza kanjani uma amazinyo akho onogwaja ekhula ngokungajwayelekile.

Ezinye izinkinga ezivamile zezempilo onogwaja

• Ukucindezeleka: Ukucindezeleka konogwaja kungadalwa yizinkinga eziningi endaweni yazo. Isibonelo, iqiniso lokuthi bazizwa bebodwa noma bengenalo uthando, ushintsho endaweni yabo, ekhaya, nakubalingani abahlala nabo. Ukungabi nendawo eyanele yokuhlala, ukungondleki kahle noma ukungawuvivinyi umzimba nakho kungabeka ingcindezi kunogwaja wakho okhaliphile.

• Umkhuhlane: Onogwaja baphinde baqunjelwe lapho bevezwa imisinga yomoya omningi nomswakama. Lokhu kwenzeka kaningi uma unogwaja wakho ecindezelekile noma enokuzivikela okuphansi. Izimpawu zifaka ukuthimula, ikhala eligijimayo, ukukhukhumala, amehlo anamanzi, njll.
  
  
• Ukuvuvukala kanye namanxeba okususa isikhumba: Kulula ukuthi lapho uhlala ehhokweni, noma ngabe kungamahora ambalwa kuphela osuku, kuyaqinisekiswa ukuthi unogwaja unendawo evuthayo noma inenxeba. Kufanele ubheke futhi uhlole umzimba womngani wakho onemilenze emide nsuku zonke, njengoba lokhu kuvuvukala kanye nezilonda kuvame ukutheleleka ngokushesha okukhulu bese ziqala ukuvuvukala ubomvu. Lokhu kuyenza buthaka kakhulu impilo kanogwaja, futhi kungabulala nokutheleleka.

• Ukungena kwejwabu leso: Kuyinkinga lapho amajwabu amehlo esonga khona ngaphakathi. Ngaphezu kokuba yisicefe esikhulu esilwaneni sakho, le nkinga igcina ikhiqiza ukucasuka nokufakelwa emiphongolweni yezinyembezi ize ingenise, idale ubumpumputhe.

• Ukuwa kwezinwele nokungenisa: Ukulahleka kwezinwele konogwaja kuvame ukubangelwa yingcindezi kanye nokushoda kwezakhamzimba kanye namavithamini ekudleni kwabo kwansuku zonke. Ngalezi zizathu, bavame ukudla izinwele eziwayo. Ngakho-ke, uma uthola ukuthi lokhu kuyenzeka kumngani wakho, kufanele umyise kudokotela wezilwane ukuthola ukuthi yini engalungile ngokudla kwakhe noma ukuthi yini ecindezela unogwaja, ngalokho-ke, lungisa inkinga.

• Umchamo obomvu: Ukuntuleka kokudla onogwaja okubangela lo mbala emchameni. Kufanele ubuyekeze indlela odla ngayo futhi uyilinganise, ngoba kunamathuba amaningi okuthi unikela ngemifino eluhlaza kakhulu noma ushoda ngovithamini, imifino noma i-fiber. Akufanele kudidaniswe nomchamo onegazi, ngoba lokhu kuyinkinga ebucayi kakhulu edinga isenzo esisheshayo ngasohlangothini lodokotela bezilwane.

• Umdlavuza: Umdlavuza ovame ukuthinta onogwaja yilowo wezitho zangasese, kokubili kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Isibonelo, esimweni sonogwaja, leyo engavunyelwe inzalo inamathuba angama-85% okuphathwa ngumdlavuza wesibeletho kanye nama-ovari kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu ubudala. Eminyakeni emi-5, le ngozi ikhuphukela kuma-96%. Onogwaja oyinzalo nonogwaja bangahlala nabanakekeli babo isikhathi esiyiminyaka ephakathi kweyi-7 nengu-10 ngaphandle kwezinkinga, lapho behlala ezimeni ezanele neziphilile.

• Ukukhuluphala: Konogwaja basekhaya, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile noma isisindo eseqile kuya ngokuya kuvame, kubangelwa uhlobo nenani lokudla abakutholayo kanye nokuvivinya umzimba okuncane abakwenzayo nsuku zonke. Thola okuningi mayelana nenkinga yezempilo yesilwane sakho esihlokweni sethu ngokukhuluphala konogwaja, izimpawu zayo nokudla kwayo.

• Ukuzivikela: Onogwaja bajwayele ukubanda kakhulu kunokushisa, njengoba bevela ezindaweni ezinamazinga okushisa apholile ukwedlula iningi lonyaka. Yingakho ezinye izinhlobo zonogwaja zingamelana namazinga okushisa aze afike ku -10º lapho enendawo yokukhosela. Kodwa-ke, uma amazinga okushisa ezulazula noma edlula u-30 º C aphakeme kakhulu. Uma bevezwa kulesi simo sezulu ngaphandle kwamanzi futhi bengenayo indawo yokuhlala epholile yokulawula izinga lokushisa kwabo, bangaphathwa kalula ukushiswa ukushisa futhi bafe ngesikhathi esifushane ngokuboshwa kwenhliziyo. Bangase futhi babulawe ukuphela kwamanzi, kepha ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo kungenzeka kwenzeke kuqala. Izimpawu ezilula ukuzibona ukuvunguza njalo nokuhlola ukuthi unogwaja welula yonke imilenze emi-4 ukuze isisu sayo sithinte umhlabathi bese siphola kancane. Uma uthola lokhu kuziphatha, kufanele wehlise izinga lokushisa kwesilwane ngokuyisa endaweni epholile nenomoya futhi ufake amanzi amancane ekhanda nasemakhwapheni. Okwamanje, zama ukupholisa indawo yendlu lapho unogwaja utholakala khona ukuze uma uyibuyisela ekhejini, indawo ibe nokushisa okujwayelekile.

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