Amaqembu Egazi Emakati - Izinhlobo Nezindlela Zokwazi

-Delile

• Mangaki amaqembu egazi akhona emakati?
• Iqembu A lizala ikati
• Ukuzala kwekati leqembu B
• Izinhlobo zeikati zeQembu AB
• Ungalazi kanjani iqembu legazi lekati
• Ingabe kubalulekile ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokuhambisana emakati?
• ukumpontshelwa igazi emakati
• Ukumpontshelwa igazi kusuka ekatsheni A kuya ekati B
• Ukumpontshelwa igazi kusuka kwikati B kuya ekati A
• Ukumpontshelwa igazi kusuka kwikati le-A noma le-B kuya kwikati le-AB
• I-Feline neonatal isoerythrolysis
• Izimpawu ze-feline neonatal isoerythrolysis
• Ukwelashwa kwe-feline neonatal isoerythrolysis
• Ukuvimbela i-neeryatal isoerythrolysis

Ukuzimisela kwamaqembu egazi kubalulekile uma kukhulunywa ngokumpompela igazi emakati ngisho nakwabesifazane abakhulelwe, njengoba ukusebenza kwenzalo kuzoya ngalokhu. nakuba zikhona ngamaqembu egazi amathathu kuphela emakati: A, AB no-B, uma ukumpontshelwa okulungile namaqembu ahambisanayo kungenziwa, imiphumela izobulala.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ubaba wamazinyane esikhathi esizayo, ngokwesibonelo, ikati elinohlobo lwegazi A noma u-AB onekati B, lokhu kungadala isifo esidala i-hemolysis kuzinyane lamazinyane: a neeryatal isoerythrolysis, okuvame ukudala ukufa kwezingane ezinsukwini zazo zokuqala zokuphila.

Ngabe ufuna imininingwane engaphezulu nge amaqembu egazi emakati - izinhlobo nokuthi wazi kanjani? Ngakho-ke ungaphuthelwa le ndatshana kaPeritoAnimal, lapho sibhekana khona namaqembu egazi amathathu we-feline, inhlanganisela yawo, imiphumela kanye nokuphazamiseka okungenzeka phakathi kwawo. Ukufunda okuhle.

Mangaki amaqembu egazi akhona emakati?

Ukwazi uhlobo lwegazi kubalulekile ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene futhi, njengoba sishilo, kumacala lapho i- ukumpontshelwa igazi emakati iyadingeka. Emakati asekhaya singathola amaqembu amathathu egazi ngokusho kwama-antigen akhona kulwelwesi lwegazi elibomvu: A, B no-AB. Manje sizokwethula amaqembu egazi nezinhlobo zamakati:

Iqembu A lizala ikati

iqembu A linjalo okuvama kakhulu kokuthathu emhlabeni, ngokuba amakati anezinwele ezimfishane zaseYurophu naseMelika yizo eziletha kakhulu, njenge:

• Ikati laseYurophu.
• Izinwele ezimfishane zaseMelika.
• UMaine Coon.
• IManx.
• Ihlathi laseNorway.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amakati amaSiamese, aseMpumalanga nawaseTonkinese ahlala eyiqembu A.

Ukuzala kwekati leqembu B

Izinhlobo zekati lapho iqembu B likhona kakhulu yilezi:

• EBrithani.
• UDevon Rex.
• I-Cornish Rex.
• Udoli wendwangu.
• Okungajwayelekile.

Izinhlobo zeikati zeQembu AB

Iqembu le-AB li kuyaqabukela ukuthola, engabonakala emakati:

• I-Angora.
• I-Turkish Van.

Iqembu legazi ikati linalo kuya ngabazali bakho, njengoba zizuzwa njengefa. Ikati ngalinye line-allele eyodwa evela kubaba nelilodwa elivela kumama, le nhlanganisela inquma iqembu layo legazi. I-Allele A ibusa ngaphezu kuka-B futhi ibhekwa njenge-AB, kuyilapho eyokugcina ibusa ngaphezu kuka-B, okungukuthi, ukuze ikati libe uhlobo B kufanele libe nazo zombili izigaxa ze-B.

• Ikati lizoba nezinhlanganisela ezilandelayo: A / A, A / B, A / AB.
• Ikati le-B lihlala liyi-B / B ngoba alilokothi libuse.
• Ikati le-AB kuzoba u-AB / AB noma u-AB / B.

Ungalazi kanjani iqembu legazi lekati

Kulezi zinsuku singathola ukuhlolwa okuningi yokunqunywa kwama-antigen athile kulwelwesi lwegazi elibomvu, okuyilapho kutholakala khona uhlobo lwegazi lekati (noma iqembu) lekati. Igazi lisetshenziswa ku-EDTA futhi ibekwe emakhadini aklanyelwe ukukhombisa iqembu legazi lekati ngokuya ngokuthi igazi liyahlangana yini noma cha.

Uma kwenzeka umtholampilo ungenawo la makhadi, bangaqoqa ifayela le- isampula legazi lekati bese uyithumela elabhorethri ukukhombisa ukuthi ikuliphi iqembu.

Ingabe kubalulekile ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokuhambisana emakati?

Kudingekile, njengoba amakati enamasosha omzimba emvelo alwa nama-antigen e-red cell membrane avela kwamanye amaqembu egazi.

Onke amakati eqembu B anamasosha omzimba aqinile elwa neqembu A, okusho ukuthi uma igazi lekati B lihlangana nalelo lekati A, lizodala umonakalo omkhulu ngisho nokufa eqenjini lika-A.Lokhu kufanelekile uma kufakwa igazi emakati noma ngabe uhlela noma ikuphi ukuwela.

Amakati weqembu A akhona amasosha omzimba alwa neqembu B, kodwa buthakathaka, futhi labo abaseqenjini le-AB abanawo amasosha omzimba eqenjini A noma B.

ukumpontshelwa igazi emakati

Kwezinye izimo ze-anemia, kuyadingeka ukumpontshelwa igazi emakati. Amakati ane-anemia engapheli asekela i-hematocrit (ivolumu yamaseli abomvu egazini eliphelele) aphansi kunalawo ane-anemia enamandla noma alahlekelwe yigazi ngokuzumayo, abe yi-hypovolemic (anciphise ivolumu yegazi).

O i-hematocrit evamile lekati liseduze 30-50%ngakho-ke, amakati ane-anemia engapheli kanye ne-hematocrit ka-10-15% noma lawo ane-anemia enamandla ene-hematocrit phakathi kuka-20 no-25% kufanele atofelwe igazi. Ngaphezu kwe-hematocrit, i- izimpawu zomtholampilo okuthi, uma ikati lenza njalo, likhombise ukuthi lidinga ukumpontshelwa. Lezi zimpawu ziyakhombisa i-hypoxia yeselula (okuqukethwe oksijini okuphansi kumaseli) futhi kukhona:

• Tachypnoea.
• I-Tachycardia.
• Ubuthakathaka.
• Isiphukuphuku.
• Isikhathi sokugcwalisa kabusha se-capillary.
• Ukuphakama kwe-serum lactate.

Ngaphezu kokunquma iqembu legazi lomamukeli ukuthi lihambisana yini nomnikeli, ikati lomnikeli kufanele lihlolwe noma ikuphi kokulandelayo amagciwane noma izifo ezithathelwanayo:

• I-Feline leukemia.
• I-Feline immunodeficiency.
• I-Mycoplasma haemophelis.
• Okhethiweyo I-Mycoplasma haemominutum.
• Okhethiweyo I-Mycoplasma turicensis.
• UBartonella hensalae.
• Erhlichia sp.
• UFilaria sp.
• I-Toxoplasma gondii.

Ukumpontshelwa igazi kusuka ekatsheni A kuya ekati B

Ukufakwa kwegazi kusuka ku-A cat kuya eqenjini le-B kuyalimaza ngoba amakati ka-B, njengoba sishilo, anamasosha omzimba aqinile kakhulu alwa nama-antigen eqembu A, okwenza amangqamuzana abomvu egazi adluliselwe eqenjini A aqothulwe ngokushesha (haemolysis), kubangela ukusabela kokumpontshelwa ngokushesha, okunolaka, nokuvikelwa ngumzimba kuphumela ekufeni kwekati elithole ukumpontshelwa.

Ukumpontshelwa igazi kusuka kwikati B kuya ekati A

Uma ukumpontshelwa kwenziwa ngenye indlela, okusho ukuthi, kusuka eqenjini B ikati kuya kuhlobo A, ukusabela kokumpontshelwa kumnene futhi engasebenzi ngenxa yokuncipha kokuphila kwamaseli abomvu afakwe igazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukumpontshelwa okwesibili kwalolu hlobo kungadala ukusabela okunzima kakhulu.

Ukumpontshelwa igazi kusuka kwikati le-A noma le-B kuya kwikati le-AB

Uma uhlobo lwegazi A noma B lufakwa ekatini le-AB, akukho okumele kwenzeke, njengoba ingenawo amasosha omzimba alwa neqembu A noma B.

I-Feline neonatal isoerythrolysis

Isoerythrolysis noma i-hemolysis yengane esanda kuzalwa ibizwa ngokuthi ukungahambelani kweqembu legazi lapho kuzalwa lokho kwenzeka kwamanye amakati. Ama-antibody ebesikhuluma ngawo nawo adlulela ku-colostrum nobisi lwebele, futhi ngale ndlela, afinyelela imidlwane, engadala izinkinga njengoba sibonile ngokumpontshelwa.

Inkinga enkulu ye-isoerythrolysis yenzeka lapho ikati B lishada nekati A noma AB ngakho-ke amazinyane azo ikakhulukazi u-A noma u-AB, ngakho-ke lapho encela kumama phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala zokuphila, angaqala ukuncela amasosha omzimba amaningi alwa neqembu A kumama bese edala ukusabela okuvikelwa ngumzimba eqenjini labo Ama-antigen amangqamuzana egazi abomvu, abangela ukuthi badilike (haemolysis), okwaziwa ngokuthi yi-neonatal isoerythrolysis.

Ngenye inhlanganisela, isoerythrolysis ayenzeki akukho ukufa kitten, kodwa kunokusabela kokumpontshelwa okubaluleke kakhulu okubulala amangqamuzana abomvu egazi.

Isoerythrolysis ayibonisi kuze kube ikati ligwinya la masosha omzimba omama, ngakho-ke, lapho bezalwa bangamakati aphilile futhi ajwayelekile. Ngemuva kokuthatha i-colostrum, inkinga iqala ukuvela.

Izimpawu ze-feline neonatal isoerythrolysis

Ezimweni eziningi, lezi kittens ziba buthakathaka ngaphezu kwamahora noma izinsuku, ziyeke ukuncelisa, ziba buthakathaka kakhulu, ziphaphathekile ngenxa yokushoda kwegazi. Uma zisinda, ulwelwesi lwazo lwamafinyila ngisho nesikhumba sazo kuzoba yi-jaundiced (phuzi) ngisho umchamo wakho uzoba bomvu ngenxa yokuwohloka kwemikhiqizo yamaseli abomvu egazi (hemoglobin).

Kwezinye izimo, lesi sifo sidala ukufa okungazelelwe ngaphandle kwezimpawu zangaphambili zokuthi ikati aliphilile nokuthi kukhona okwenzekayo ngaphakathi. Kwezinye izimo, izimpawu zithambile futhi zivele nazo ithiphu yomsila omnyama ngenxa ye-necrosis noma ukufa kwamaseli endaweni phakathi nesonto layo lokuqala lokuphila.

Umehluko ebukhali bezibonakaliso zomtholampilo kuncike ekwahlukaneni kwama-anti-A antibody umama awadlulise nge-colostrum, inani lemidlwane elaligwinyile kanye nekhono labo lokulifaka emzimbeni we-feline encane.

Ukwelashwa kwe-feline neonatal isoerythrolysis

Lapho inkinga ivele, ayikwazi ukwelashwa, kepha uma umnakekeli ebona phakathi namahora okuqala okuphila kwamazinyane futhi awasuse kunina futhi awondle ngobisi olwenzelwe imidlwane, kuzobavimbela ukuthi baqhubeke nokuthola amasosha omzimba amaningi azobhebhethekisa inkinga.

Ukuvimbela i-neeryatal isoerythrolysis

Ngaphambi kokwelapha, okungenakwenzeka, okumele kwenziwe ebusweni bale nkinga ukuvimbela kwayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukwazi iqembu legazi lekati. Kodwa-ke, njengoba lokhu kaningi kungenzeki ngenxa yokukhulelwa okungafunwa, indlela engcono yokukuvimbela amakati we-neutering noma we-neutering.

Uma ikati selivele likhulelwe futhi sinokungabaza, kufanele vimbela amazinyane ekuthatheni i-colostrum yakho phakathi nosuku lwabo lokuqala lokuphila, bewathatha kumama, okuyilapho bengakwazi khona ukuncela amasosha omzimba wezifo alimaza amangqamuzana abo abomvu egazi uma eyiqembu A noma i-AB. Yize ngaphambi kokwenza lokhu, inhloso ukunquma yiziphi izinyane ezivela kuqembu A noma i-AB ngamakhadi wokuhlonza amaqembu egazi asuka econsini legazi noma intambo yenkonyane ngayinye futhi asuse lawo maqembu kuphela, hhayi i-B, ebingeke ibe nenkinga ye-hemolysis. Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, bangaphinde bahlangane nomama, ngoba abasenamandla okuthola amasosha omzimba omama.

Lo mbhalo wenzelwe imininingwane kuphela, kwaPeritoAnimal.com.br asikwazi ukunquma ukwelashwa kwezilwane noma ukwenza noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuxilongwa. Siphakamisa ukuthi uthathe isilwane sakho uye kudokotela wezilwane uma kungenzeka ukuthi unanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesimo noma ukungaphatheki kahle.

Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- Amaqembu Egazi Emakati - Izinhlobo Nezindlela Zokwazi, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu sezinye izinkinga zezempilo.