-Delile
- Ukudla kwe-octopus
- Zidlani izingwane zezinye izinhlobo?
- Azingela kanjani ama-octopus?
- ukugaya izingwane
Ama-octopus yi-cephalopod nama-molluscs asolwandle angaphansi kwe-oda le-Octopoda. Isici sayo esigqame kakhulu ubukhona be- 8 iphela eziphuma phakathi nendawo yomzimba wakho, lapho kukhona umlomo wakho. Imizimba yabo inokubukeka okumhlophe, oku-gelatinous, okubavumela ukuthi bashintshe ukuma ngokushesha futhi bakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezindawo ezinjengemifantu esemadwaleni. Ama-octopus yizilwane ezihlukile ezingenamgogodla, ezihlakaniphile futhi ezinombono othuthuke kakhulu, kanye nohlelo lwemizwa oluyinkimbinkimbi ngokwedlulele.
Izinhlobo ezihlukile zama-octopus zihlala ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene, ezinjengezindawo zakwalasha zezilwandle eziningi, izindawo eziphakathi kwamadwala, izixhobo zamakhorali kanye nezindawo ze-pelagic. Ngokufanayo, hlangana zonke izilwandle emhlabeni, itholakala emanzini apholile nakubandayo. Ufuna ukwazi ukuthi i-octopus idlani? Yebo, qhubeka ufunda le ndatshana kaPeritoAnimal futhi sizokutshela konke mayelana nokondliwa kwalesi silwane esihle.
Ukudla kwe-octopus
I-octopus yisilwane esidla inyama, okusho ukuthi sondla ngokuqinile ngokudla okuvela ezilwaneni. Ukudla kwama-cephalopods kuguquka kakhulu futhi cishe zonke izinhlobo zezilwane ezizingelayo, kepha ngokujwayelekile kungabonakala amamodeli amabili ayisisekelo:
- Octopus abadla izinhlanzi: ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunezingwane ezondla kakhulu ngezinhlanzi futhi ngaphakathi kwaleli qembu kunezinhlobo ze-pelagic, ezibhukuda kakhulu.
- Ama-octopus adla ama-crustaceans: ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunezinhlobo ezibeka ukudla kwazo ikakhulukazi kuma-crustaceans futhi kuleli qembu kutholakala izinhlobo zokuphila kwe-benthic, okungukuthi, lezo ezihlala ngaphansi kolwandle.
Zidlani izingwane zezinye izinhlobo?
Kubalulekile ukuveza ukuthi ezikhathini eziningi lokho okudliwa yi-octopus kuzoya nge indawo yokuhlala lapho bahlala khona nokujula, Ngokwesibonelo:
- I-octopus ejwayelekile (i-octopus vulgaris): ohlala emanzini avulekile, udla kakhulu ama-crustaceans, ama-gastropods, ama-bivalves, izinhlanzi kanye nezinye izikhathi ezincane ze-cephalopods.
- octopus olwandle olujulileabanye, njengabahlali bolwandle olujulile bangadla izikelemu zomhlaba, ama-polychaetes neminenke.
- Izinhlobo ze-Benthic octopusIzinhlobo ze-Benthic ngokuvamile zihamba phakathi kwamatshe phansi olwandle ngenkathi ziphumputha phakathi kwemifantu yazo zifuna ukudla. Benza lokhu ngenxa yekhono labo lokuguqula isimo sabo, njengoba sibonile, i-octopus ayinamqolo, nokubona kwayo okuhle kakhulu.
Azingela kanjani ama-octopus?
Ama-octopus anokuziphatha okuyindida kakhulu ngenxa yekhono lawo lokulingisa indawo ezungezile. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yezingulube ezikhona ku-epidermis yazo, ezibavumela hamba unganakwa ngokuphelele ngamazinyo abo, kuzenza zibe ngesinye sezidalwa eziyimfihlo kunazo zonke emhlabeni wezilwane.
Ziyizilwane ezishesha kakhulu futhi zingabazingeli abahle kakhulu. Bangazikhulisa kanjani ngokukhipha indiza yamanzi, ingasheshe ihlasele isisulu sayo ngenkathi beyithatha ngemikhawulo yabo embozwe izinkomishi zokudonsa bese beyiletha emlonyeni wabo. Imvamisa, lapho bebamba inyamazane, bajova ubuthi obukhona ematheni abo (i-cephalotoxins), okuthi khubaza isisulu cishe kumasekhondi angama-35 okwesikhashana ngemuva kokuqedwa izitho zomzimba.
Endabeni yama-bivalve molluscs, ngokwesibonelo, enza ngokuhlukanisa ama-valve nezinsimbi zawo ukuze ajove amathe. Kungokufanayo nangezinkalankala ezinegobolondo elinzima. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezinye izinhlobo ziyakwazi gwinya amazinyo wonke. .
Imikhawulo yabo inekhono lokwelula kunoma iluphi uhlangothi ngendlela ehleleke kakhulu, ebavumela ukuthi bazuze thatha inyamazane yakho ngokusebenzisa izinkomishi zokudonsa ezinamandla ezimbozwe ama-receptors anambitha. Ekugcineni, i-octopus idonsela inyamazane yayo emlonyeni wayo, inikezwe uqhwaku oluqinile olunolwakhiwo olune-horny (chitinous), lapho ikwazi khona ukudwengula isisulu sayo, ngisho nokuhlanganisa amathambo aqinile esilwane esithile, njengama-crustaceans.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi ezinhlotsheni zohlobo lweSauroteuthis, iningi elihlala olwandle, ingxenye yamaseli emisipha akhona ezinkomishini zokudonsa izintambo kushintshwa ama-photophores. Lawa maseli akwazi ukukhipha ukukhanya ayawavumela khiqiza i-bioluminescence, futhi ngale ndlela uyakwazi ukukhohlisa inyamazane yakhe emlonyeni wakhe.
Enye i-PeritoAnimal athikili engakuthakazelisa yilena yokuthi izinhlanzi zikhiqiza kanjani.
ukugaya izingwane
Njengoba sazi, i-octopus iyisilwane esidla inyama futhi idla izilwane ezahlukahlukene. Ngenxa yalolu hlobo lokudla, imetabolism yayo incike kakhulu kuma-protein, ngoba iyona nto eyinhloko yomthombo wamandla nomakhi wezicubu. O inqubo yokugaya kuyenziwa ngezinyathelo ezimbili:
- isigaba esingaphandle: Kuvela kuwo wonke umgudu wokugaya ukudla. Lapha uqhwaku nesenzo se-radula, esinikezwe imisipha eqinile engakhishwa iphume emlonyeni futhi ngaleyo ndlela isebenze njengesixhobo sokukhuhla. Ngasikhathi sinye, izindlala zamathe zikhipha ama-enzyme aqala ukugaya ukudla kwangaphambili.
- isigaba se-intracellular: Kwenzeka kuphela endlaleni yokugaya ukudla. Kulesi sinyathelo sesibili, ukudla kwangaphambi kokugayeka kudlula umqhaphu bese kuthi esiswini. Lapha inani lokudla linokucekelwa phansi kwalo ngenxa yobukhona be-cilia. Uma lokhu sekwenzekile, ukumuncwa kwezakhi kwenzeka endlaleni yokugaya ukudla, bese kuthi okuqukethwe okungagaywanga kudluliselwe emathunjini, lapho kuzolahlwa khona njengamaphilisi endle, okungukuthi, amabhola okudla okungadliwe.
Manje njengoba usuyazi ukuthi i-octopus idlani nokuthi izingela kanjani, ungahle ube nentshisekelo kule enye i-athikili kaPeritoAnimal ekhuluma ngamaqiniso angama-20 amnandi ngama-octopus asuselwa kwizifundo zesayensi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuvidiyo engezansi ungabona izilwane zasolwandle eziyivelakancane eziyi-7 emhlabeni:
Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- Yini edliwa yi-octopus?, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu se-Curiosities somhlaba wezilwane.