-Delile
- yini ama-amphibians
- Izinhlobo zama-amphibians
- Izici ze-Amphibian
- Kuphefumula kuphi izilwane eziphila ezweni nasemanzini?
- Ingabe ama-amphibians aphefumula kanjani?
- 1. I-Amphibian iphefumula ngemithambo
- 2. Ukuphefumula buccopharyngeal kwabasemanzini
- 3. I-Amphibian iphefumula ngesikhumba nangama-integuments
- 4. Ukuphefumula kwe-Amphibian lung
- Izibonelo zama-amphibians
Wena izilwane zasemanzini mhlawumbe babe yisinyathelo sokuziphendukela kwemvelo esenziwa ukoloni ebusweni bomhlaba nezilwane. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, babevaleleke olwandle nasolwandle, ngoba umhlaba wawunomoya onobuthi kakhulu. Ngesinye isikhathi, ezinye izilwane zaqala ukuphuma. Ngalokhu, kwavela izinguquko eziguqukayo ezavumela umoya wokuphefumula esikhundleni samanzi. Kule ndatshana kaPeritoAnimal, sikhuluma ngayo umoya we-amphibian. Ngabe ufuna ukwazi kuphi futhi kanjani ama-amphibians aphefumula? Sizokutshela!
yini ama-amphibians
Ama-Amphibians ayi-phylum enkulu ye- tetrapod izilwane ezinomgogodla okuthi, ngokungafani nezinye izilwane ezinomgogodla, babhekane nesimo sokuguqula impilo yabo yonke, okubenza babe nezindlela eziningana zokuphefumula.
Izinhlobo zama-amphibians
Ama-Amphibians ahlukaniswa ngama-oda amathathu:
- I-Gymnophiona Order, okungama-cecilias. Zime njengesibungu, zinemikhawulo emine emifushane kakhulu.
- I-Tail Order. Bangama-urodelos, noma ama-amphibian anomsila.Ngale ndlela ama-salamanders nama-newts ahlukaniswa.
- I-Anura Order. Lezi yizilwane ezidumile ezaziwa ngamasele namaxoxo. Bangama-amphibians angenamsila.
Izici ze-Amphibian
Ama-Amphibian yizilwane ezinomgogodla umabhebhana, okungukuthi, ukushisa komzimba wakho kulawulwa ngokuya ngemvelo. Ngakho-ke, lezi zilwane zivame ukuhlala isimo sezulu esishisayo noma esipholile.
Isici esibaluleke kunazo zonke kuleli qembu lezilwane ukuthi zidlula inqubo yokuguqula isimo esisheshayo ebizwa ukuguqulwa komzimba. Ukuzaliswa kwe-Amphibian kungokobulili. Ngemuva kokubeka amaqanda nangemva kwesikhathi esithile, izibungu ziyachamisela ezibukeka zincane noma zingafani ncamashi nomuntu omdala futhi zisemanzini empilweni. Ngalesi sikhathi, bayabizwa onoshobishobi futhi uphefumule ngezifo kanye nesikhumba. Ngesikhathi se-metamorphosis, baba namaphaphu, imiphetho futhi kwesinye isikhathi balahlekelwe yimisila (lokhu kunjalo amaxoxo futhi amaxoxo).
yiba ne- isikhumba esincane kakhulu futhi esimanzi. Yize bengabokuqala ukufaka amakoloni ebusweni bomhlaba, kuseyizilwane ezixhumene kakhulu namanzi. Isikhumba esincane kangaka sivumela ukushintshaniswa kwegesi kukho konke ukuphila kwesilwane.
Yazi zonke izici zezilwane eziphila ezweni nasemanzini kulesi sihloko.
Kuphefumula kuphi izilwane eziphila ezweni nasemanzini?
Ama-Amphibians, ezimpilweni zabo zonke, sebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene okuphefumula. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izindawo abahlala kuzo ngaphambi nangemva kokuguqulwa kwemvelo zihluke kakhulu, yize zihlala zixhumene kakhulu namanzi noma umswakama.
Ngesikhathi sesigaba sezibungu, izilwane eziphila ezweni nasemanzini zikhona izilwane zasemanzini futhi bahlala ezindaweni ezinamanzi angenasawoti, njengamachibi ashubile, amachibi, amachibi, imifula enamanzi ahlanzekile, acwebile ngisho namachibi okubhukuda. Ngemuva kokuguquguquka komzimba, iningi lama-amphibian liba ngumhlaba futhi, ngenkathi amanye eqhubeka engena futhi ephuma emanzini ukuze azinakekele olumanzi nolunamanzi, abanye bayakwazi ukugcina umswakama emizimbeni yabo ngokumane bazivikele elangeni.
Ngakho-ke siyakwazi ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezine zokuphefumula emanzini:
- Ukuphefumula kweBranchial.
- Indlela yomgodi we-buccopharyngeal.
- Ukuphefumula ngesikhumba noma ngamagciwane.
- Ukuphefumula kwamaphaphu.
Ingabe ama-amphibians aphefumula kanjani?
Ukuphefumula kwe-Amphibian kuyashintsha kusuka esigabeni esisodwa kuya kwesinye, futhi kukhona nomehluko phakathi kwezinhlobo.
1. I-Amphibian iphefumula ngemithambo
Ngemuva kokushiya iqanda futhi kuze kufinyelele ekuguqulweni komzimba, onoshobishobi baphefumula ngemithambo esezinhlangothini zombili zekhanda. Ezinhlotsheni zamaxoxo, amasele namaxoxo, lezi zigilane zifihliwe ezikhwameni ze-gill, naku-urodelos, okungukuthi, ama-salamanders nama-newt, zivezwa ngokuphelele ngaphandle. Lezi gill ziphezulu kakhulu ukuchelelwa uhlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi, futhi futhi unesikhumba esincane kakhulu esivumela ukushintshaniswa kwegesi phakathi kwegazi nemvelo.
2. Ukuphefumula buccopharyngeal kwabasemanzini
Ku- ama-salamanders nakwamanye amaxoxo abantu abadala, kunezinhlayiya ze-buccopharyngeal emlonyeni ezisebenza njengezindawo zokuphefumula. Kulomoya, isilwane sithatha umoya bese sikubamba ngomlomo. Okwamanje, lezi zingqimba, ezingena kakhulu emoyeni ne-carbon dioxide, zenza ukushintshaniswa kwegesi.
3. I-Amphibian iphefumula ngesikhumba nangama-integuments
Isikhumba sase-Amphibian sincane kakhulu futhi akuvikelekile, ngakho-ke badinga ukuyigcina inomswakama ngaso sonke isikhathi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi bangakwazi ukwenza ukushintshaniswa kwegesi ngalesi sitho. Uma kungo-tadpoles, ukuphefumula ngesikhumba kubaluleke kakhulu, futhi kunjalo uyihlanganise nokuphefumula kwe-gill. Lapho sifinyelela esigabeni sabantu abadala, kukhonjisiwe ukuthi ukuthathwa komoya-mpilo ngesikhumba kuncane, kepha ukuxoshwa kwe-carbon dioxide kuphezulu.
4. Ukuphefumula kwe-Amphibian lung
Ngesikhathi sokuguqulwa komzimba kuma-amphibians, ama-gill ayanyamalala kancane kancane futhi amaphaphu ayakhula ukunikeza abantu abadala izilwane eziphila ezweni nasemanzini ithuba lokuthuthela emhlabathini owomile. Kulolu hlobo lokuphefumula, isilwane sivula umlomo waso, sehlisa phansi umgodi womlomo, bese kungena umoya. Khonamanjalo, i-glottis, ey ulwelwesi oluxhuma i-pharynx ne-trachea, ihlala ivaliwe ngakho-ke akukho ukufinyelela emaphashini. Lokhu kuphindwa kaninginingi.
Esinyathelweni esilandelayo, i-glottis iyavula futhi, ngenxa yokuncipha kwesikhala sesifuba, umoya ovela emoyeni wangaphambilini, osemaphashini, ukhishwa ngomlomo nangamakhala. Iphansi lomgodi womlomo liyakhuphuka futhi lidudule umoya emaphashini, ama-glottis ayavalwa bese ukushintshaniswa kwegesi. Phakathi kwenqubo eyodwa yokuphefumula nenye, kuvame ukuba nesikhathi esithile.
Izibonelo zama-amphibians
Ngezansi, sethula uhlu olufushane ngezibonelo ezithile ze- izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-7,000 zama-amphibians ezikhona emhlabeni:
- UCecilia-de-Thompson (UCaecilia Thompson)
- Caecilia-pachynema (Izinhlobo ze-typhlonectes compressicauda)
- I-Tapalcua (I-Dermophis mexicanus)
- UCecilia ohlanganisiwe (ISiphonops annulatus)
- I-Cecilia-do-Ceylon (Ichthyophis glutinosus)
- I-Chinese Giant Salamander (andrias davidianus)
- Intulo yomlilo (intulo yokuhleba)
- Intulo yengwe (I-Tigrinum Ambystoma)
- Intulo yaseNyakatho-ntshonalanga (ambystoma gracile)
- Isalamander enezinzwane ezinde (I-Ambystoma macrodactylum)
- Intulo yomgede (U-Eurycea Lucifuga)
- Intulo-zig-zag (i-dorsal plethodon)
- Intulo enemilenze ebomvu (plethodon shermani)
- I-Iberia newt (boscai)
- I-Crested Newt (UTriturus cristatus)
- UMarbled Newt (I-Triturus marmoratus)
- I-Firecracker Newman (I-Cynops orientalis)
- I-Axolotl (I-Ambystoma mexicanum)
- I-East American Newt (I-Notophthalmus viridescens)
- Ixoxo elivamile (I-Pelophylax perezi)
- Ixoxo ledada elinobuthi (I-Phyllobates terribilis)
- Ixoxo lesihlahla saseYurophu (I-Hyla arborea)
- Ixoxo elimhlophe le-arboreal (ugu lwe-caerulean)
- Ixoxo likaHarlequin (I-Atelopus Varius)
- Ovamile Umbelethisi (ama-alythometri)
- Ixoxo Eliluhlaza laseYurophu (ama-viridis buffets)
- I-Toad Thorny (spinulosa rhinella)
- I-American bullfrog (I-Lithobates catesbeianus)
- Toad Common (thimula uthimule)
- Isigijimi somgijimi (epidalea calamita)
- Ixoxo leCururu (URhinella marina)
Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- Ukuphefumula kwe-Amphibian, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu se-Curiosities somhlaba wezilwane.