-Delile
- Zingaki izinhlobo zamadada ezikhona?
- 1. Idada lasekhaya (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus)
- 2. UMallard (Anas platyrhynchos)
- 3.Toicinho Teal (Anas bahamensis)
- 4.I-teal ye-Carijó (i-Anas cyanoptera)
- 5. Idada lesiMandarin (Aix galericulata)
- 6.I-Ovary Teal (Anas sibilatrix)
- 7. Idada lasendle (Cairina moschata)
- 8.Itshe elinombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (Oxyura australis)
- 9.Duck sesifufula (Merganetta armata)
- 10.U-Irerê (Dendrocygna viduata)
- 11. IHarlequin duck (Histrionicus histrionicus)
- 12. I-Freckled Duck (iStictonetta naevosa)
- ezinye izinhlobo zamadada
Igama elithi "idada" livame ukusetshenziselwa ukuqoka izinhlobo eziningana ze izinyoni zomndeni Anatidae. Phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo zamadada amukelwa njengamanje, kukhona ukuhlukahluka okukhulu kokuziphatha, njengoba ngalunye lwalezi zinhlobo lunezici zalo ngokubukeka, indlela yokuziphatha, imikhuba nendawo ezihlala kuyo. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi kutholakale ezinye izici ezibalulekile zalezi zinyoni, njenge-morphology yazo efanelaniswe kahle nempilo yasemanzini, ebenza babhukudi abahle kakhulu, kanye nobizo lwabo, oluvame ukuhunyushwa yi-onomatopoeia "quack".
Kule ndatshana kaPeritoAnimal, sizokwethula Izinhlobo eziyi-12 zamadada abahlala ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomhlaba futhi sizokwembula ezinye zezici zabo eziyinhloko. Futhi, sikukhombise uhlu olunezinhlobo eziningi zamadada, ake siqale?
Zingaki izinhlobo zamadada ezikhona?
Njengamanje, zingu-30 izinhlobo zamadada ezaziwayo, ezihlelwe zaba imikhakha eyisithupha ehlukene: Dendrocygninae (ukushaya amakhwela), Merginae, Oxyurinae (amadada okuntywila), I-Sticktontinae futhiU-Anatinae (kubhekwe umndeni omncane "par excellence" futhi kuningi kakhulu). Uhlobo ngalunye lungaba nama-subspecies amabili noma ngaphezulu.
Zonke lezi zinhlobo zamadada ngokuvamile zihlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili abanzi: amadada asekhaya kanye namadada asendle. Imvamisa, izinhlobo I-Anas platyrhynchos yasekhaya ibizwa ngokuthi "idada elifuywayo", okungenye yezinhlobo zamadada ezilungele kangcono ukuzalanisa ekuthunjweni nokuhlala nabantu. Kodwa-ke, kunezinye izinhlobo nazo ezedlule inqubo yokufuya, njenge-musk duck, okuyi-subspecies yasekhaya yedada lasendle (UCairina Moschata).
Ezingxenyeni ezilandelayo, sizokwethula izinhlobo ezilandelayo zamadada asendle nawasekhaya anezithombe ukuze ukwazi ukuzibona kalula:
- Idada lendlu (I-Anas platyrhynchos yasekhaya)
- IMallard (Anas platyrhynchos)
- I-Toicinho Teal (U-Anas Bahamensis)
- I-Carijó marreca (I-Anas cyanoptera)
- Isi-Mandarin Duck (I-Aix galericulata)
- I-Ovalet (U-Anas sibilatrix)
- idada lasendle (UCairina Moschata)
- Itiyela elinentengo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (I-Oxyura australis)
- Idada Lesifufula (merganetta armata)
- I-Irerê (I-Dendrocygna viduata)
- Idada le-Harlequin (i-histrionicus histrionicus)
- Idada Elinezimpande (I-Naevosa stictonetta)
1. Idada lasekhaya (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus)
Njengoba sishilo, ama-subspecies I-Anas platyrhynchos yasekhaya yaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi idada lasekhaya noma idada elivamile. Kwavela emallard (Anas platyrhynchos) ngenqubo ende yokuzalanisa okukhethiwe okuvumela ukwenziwa kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene.
Ekuqaleni, ukudalwa kwayo bekuhloselwe ikakhulukazi ukuxhashazwa kwenyama yayo, ebilokhu ihlonishwa kakhulu emakethe yamazwe omhlaba. Ukukhuliswa kwamadada njengezilwane ezifuywayo kusanda kwenzeka, futhi namuhla i-beijing emhlophe ingenye yezinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu ngamadada asekhaya njengesilwane esifuywayo, njengoba kunjalo nensimbi-khaki. Ngokunjalo, izinhlobo zamadada asepulazini nazo ziyingxenye yaleli qembu.
Ezigabeni ezilandelayo, sizobheka ezinye izibonelo zamadada asendle athandwa kakhulu, ngasinye sinezici zaso ezihlukile kanye nelukuluku.
2. UMallard (Anas platyrhynchos)
imallard, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-teal yasendle, yizinhlobo okwakhiwa ngazo idada lasekhaya. Kuyinyoni efudukayo yokusatshalaliswa okuningi, ehlala ezindaweni ezipholile zaseNyakatho Afrika, e-Asia, eYurophu naseNyakatho Melika, ethuthela eCaribbean naseMelika Ephakathi. Kwethulwa futhi e-Australia naseNew Zealand.
3.Toicinho Teal (Anas bahamensis)
I-toicinho teal, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-paturi, ingenye ye- izinhlobo zamadada azalelwa ezwenikazi laseMelika, evelele ekuboneni kokuqala ngokuba namabala emuva nasesiswini ngamabala amaningi amnyama. Ngokungafani nezinhlobo eziningi zamadada, ama-buckthorn teals atholakala kakhulu eduze kwamachibi wamanzi anama-brackish kanye namaxhaphozi, yize engakwazi futhi ukuzivumelanisa nemizimba yamanzi angenasawoti.
Njengamanje, bayazana Ama-subspecies ama-3 wetiye ye-buckthorn:
- Anas bahamensis bahamensis: ihlala eCaribbean, ikakhulukazi e-Antilles naseBahamas.
- U-Anas bahamensis galapagensis: kuvame kakhulu eziQhingini zaseGalapagos.
- Anas bahamensis rubirostris: yi-subspecies enkulu kunazo zonke futhi futhi ukuphela kokufuduka kancane, okuhlala eNingizimu Melika, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwe-Argentina ne-Uruguay.
4.I-teal ye-Carijó (i-Anas cyanoptera)
I-carijó teal wuhlobo lwedada lwendabuko eMelika olwaziwa nangokuthi idada lesinamoni, kepha leli gama livame ukuholela ekudidekeni nolunye uhlobo olubizwa ngokuthi netta rufina, edabuka e-Eurasia naseNyakatho Afrika futhi ine-dimorphism enkulu yezocansi. IMarreca-carijó isatshalaliswa kulo lonke izwekazi laseMelika, kusukela eCanada kuya eningizimu ye-Argentina, esifundazweni saseTierra del Fuego, futhi ikhona naseziQhingini zaseMalvinas.
Okwamanje, ziyaziwa Izinhlobo ezi-5 zemarreca-carijó:
- I-Carijó-borrero marreca (Spatula cyanoptera borreroi): yi-subspecies encane kunazo zonke futhi ihlala kuphela ezintabeni zaseColombia. Abantu bakhona baye bancipha kakhulu kuleli khulu leminyaka elidlule, futhi kuyaphenywa njengamanje ukuthi kungenzeka ngabe asisekho.
- I-Carijó-I-Argentina (I-Spatula cyanoptera cyanoptera): ama-subspecies amakhulu kunawo wonke, ahlala kusuka ePeru naseBolivia kuya eningizimu ye-Argentina naseChile.
- I-Carijó-I-Andean (Spatula cyanoptera orinomus): lena yi-subspecies ejwayelekile yezintaba ze-Andes, ehlala ikakhulukazi eBolivia nasePeru.
- IMarreca-carijó-do-nisihogo (I-Spatula cyanoptera septentrionalium): yiwo kuphela ama-subspecies ahlala eNyakatho Melika kuphela, ikakhulukazi e-United States.
- I-Carijó-ezishisayo (Spatula cyanoptera tropica): ifinyelela cishe kuzo zonke izifunda ezishisayo zaseMelika.
5. Idada lesiMandarin (Aix galericulata)
Idada le-mandarin lingenye yezinhlobo zamadada eziheha kakhulu ngenxa yemibala emihle egqamile ehlobisa izimpaphe zayo, edabuka e-Asia, futhi ikakhulukazi eChina naseJapan. isimilo esimangalisayo sezocansi futhi abesilisa kuphela ababonisa izimpaphe ezinemibala ekhangayo, okukhanya nakakhulu ngezikhathi zokuzalela ukuheha abesifazane.
Ilukuluku elithakazelisayo ukuthi, ngokwesiko lendabuko lase-East Asia, idada le-mandarin lalibhekwa njengophawu lwenhlanhla nokuthandana okuhlangene. E-China, bekungokwesiko ukunikeza umbhangqwana nomkhwenyana ngamadada amabili esi-mandarin ngesikhathi somshado, emele inyunyana yabesifazane.
6.I-Ovary Teal (Anas sibilatrix)
I-teal ovary, evame ukubizwa mallard, uhlala enkabeni naseningizimu yeNingizimu Melika, ikakhulukazi e-Argentina naseChile, futhi ukhona naseziQhingini zaseMalvinas. Njengoba egcina imikhuba yokufuduka, uya minyaka yonke eBrazil, e-Uruguay naseParaguay lapho amazinga okushisa aphansi eqala ukuzwakala eSouth Cone yezwekazi laseMelika. Yize zondla izitshalo zasemanzini futhi zikhetha ukuhlala eduze kwamanzi ajulile, amadada e-octopus awazona izinhlambi ezinhle kakhulu, akhombisa ikhono kakhulu uma kukhulunywa ngokundiza.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kuvame ngokufanayo ukubiza idada lasendle le-duck mallard, yingakho kujwayelekile ukuthi abantu abaningi bacabange ngalolu hlobo lwedada lapho bezwa igama elithi "mall duck". Iqiniso ukuthi bobabili babhekwa njengamadada ama-mallard, yize banezimpawu ezihlukile.
7. Idada lasendle (Cairina moschata)
Amadada asendle, awaziwa nangokuthi amadada ama-creole noma amadada asendle, zingezinye zezinhlobo zamadada azalelwa ezwenikazi laseMelika, ahlala kakhulu ezindaweni ezishisayo nakwezifudumele, kusukela eMexico kuya e-Argentina nase-Uruguay. Ngokuvamile, bakhetha ukuhlala ezindaweni ezinotshani obuningi futhi eduze kwemizimba yamanzi amaningi angenasawoti, ezijwayela ukuphakama okungafika kumamitha ayi-1000 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle.
Okwamanje, ziyaziwa Ama-subspecies ama-2 amadada asendle, enye yasendle kanti enye ingeyasekhaya, ake sibheke:
- UCairina moschata sylvestris: yizinhlayiya zasendle zedada lasendle, elibizwa ngokuthi i-mallard eNingizimu Melika.Liyabonakala ngobukhulu balo obukhulu, izimpaphe ezimnyama (ezicwebezelayo kwabesilisa futhi ezilinganayo kwabesifazane) namabala amhlophe ezimpikweni.
- moschata wasekhaya: yizinhlobo ezifuywayo ezaziwa ngokuthi i-musk duck, idada eliyisimungulu noma nje i-creole duck. Yakhiwa ngokuzalaniswa okukhethiwe kwezinhlobo zasendle yimiphakathi yabomdabu ngesikhathi sangaphambi kweColombia. Izimpaphe zayo zingahluka ngokwengeziwe ngombala, kodwa ayicwebezeli njengaleyo yamadada asendle. Kungenzeka futhi ukubona amabala amhlophe entanyeni, esiswini nasebusweni.
8.Itshe elinombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (Oxyura australis)
Itiyela elikhokhiswe ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lingenye ye- izinhlobo zedada elincane abatshuzi edabuka e-Oceania, njengamanje ehlala e-Australia naseTasmania. Abantu abadala bangama-30 kuye kuma-35 cm ubude futhi imvamisa bahlala emachibini anamanzi angenasawoti futhi bangakha izidleke emaxhaphozini. Ukudla kwabo kuncike kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwezitshalo zasemanzini nezinambuzane ezincane ezingenamgogodla ezinikeza amaprotheni ekudleni kwazo, njengama-molluscs, ama-crustaceans nezinambuzane.
Ngaphezu kobukhulu bayo obuncane uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zamadada, ibuye iveze uqhwaku lwayo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, olubonakala kakhulu kuzimpaphe ezimnyama.
9.Duck sesifufula (Merganetta armata)
Idada lesifufula lingenye yezinhlobo zamadada isici sezindawo ezinezintaba eziphakeme kakhulu eNingizimu Melika, njenge-Andes indawo yazo yemvelo eyinhloko. Inani labantu lisatshalaliswa lisuka eVenezuela laya eningizimu ye-Argentina naseChile, esifundazweni saseTierra del Fuego, lizijwayeza ngokuphelele ukuphakama okungafika kumamitha angama-4 500 futhi lithanda ngokusobala uquqaba lwamanzi amasha namakhaza, njengamachibi nemifula i-Andean , lapho zondla khona kakhulu ngezinhlanzi ezincane nama-crustaceans.
Njengeqiniso lesici, siqokomisa i-dimorphism yezocansi ukuthi lolu hlobo lwedada luza, kuthi abesilisa babe nezimpaphe ezimhlophe ezinamabala ansundu kanye nolayini abamnyama ekhanda, nabesifazane abanezimpaphe ezibomvu namaphiko ampunga nekhanda. Kodwa-ke, kunomehluko omncane phakathi kwamadada ezifufula ezivela emazweni ahlukene eNingizimu Melika, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezinhlobo zamadoda, amanye amnyama kakhulu kunamanye. Emfanekisweni ongezansi ungabona owesifazane.
10.U-Irerê (Dendrocygna viduata)
Irerê ingenye yezinhlobo ezihlaba umxhwele kakhulu ze ukushaya amakhwela, hhayi kuphela ibala elimhlophe ebusweni bakhe, kodwa futhi nokuba nemilenze emide ngokuqhathaniswa. Yinyoni ehlala phansi, edabuka e-Afrika naseMelika, esebenza kakhulu ngezikhathi zantambama, indiza amahora ebusuku.
Ezwenikazi laseMelika sithola abantu abaningi kakhulu, abadlula eCosta Rica, eNicaragua, eColombia, eVenezuela naseGuianas, kusukela ku-akhawunti ye-Amazon ePeru naseBrazil kuya enkabeni yeBolivia, iParaguay, i-Argentina ne-Uruguay. E-Afrika, irerê zigxile esifundeni esisentshonalanga yezwekazi nasendaweni eshisayo eningizimu yehlane laseSahara.Ekugcineni, abanye abantu bangatholakala belahlekile ogwini lwaseSpain, ikakhulukazi eCanary Islands.
11. IHarlequin duck (Histrionicus histrionicus)
Idada i-Harlequin ingenye yezinhlobo zamadada eziteleka kakhulu ngenxa yokubukeka kwalo okuyingqayizivele, ngokuba ukuphela kohlobo oluchazwe ngaphakathi kohlobo lwalo (I-Histrionicus). Umzimba wayo uyindilinga futhi into ehlaba umxhwele kakhulu izimpaphe zayo eziqhakazile namaphethini ahlukanisiwe, angasebenzeli ukuheha abesifazane kuphela, kodwa futhi nokuzifihla emanzini abandayo, angenalutho emifuleni nasemachibini nasemifudlaneni lapho ejwayele ukuhlala khona.
Ukusatshalaliswa kwayo ngokwezwe kufaka ingxenye esenyakatho yeNyakatho Melika, eningizimu yeGreenland, empumalanga yeRussia nase-Iceland. Njengamanje, Izinhlobo ezi-2 ziyabonakala: i-histrionicus histrionicus histrionicus futhi I-Histrionicus histrionicus pacificus.
12. I-Freckled Duck (iStictonetta naevosa)
Idada elinezimpondo yilona kuphela uhlobo oluchazwe emndenini. stintonline futhi yavela eNingizimu Australia, lapho ivikelwe ngumthetho ngoba inani labantu belilokhu lehla ikakhulu ngenxa yezinguquko endaweni elihlala kuyo, njengokungcola kwamanzi kanye nokuthuthuka kwezolimo.
Ngokomzimba, ivelela ukuba wuhlobo lwedada elikhulu, elinekhanda eliqinile elinomqhele okhonjwe nezimpaphe ezimnyama ezinamabala amancane amhlophe, okulenza libukeke njengamabala. Ikhono lakhe lokundiza nalo liyamangalisa, yize eshaya kancane lapho efika.
ezinye izinhlobo zamadada
Sifuna ukusho ezinye izinhlobo zamadada okuthi, yize zingagqanyisiwe kule ndatshana, nazo ziyathakazelisa futhi zifanelwe ukufundwa kabanzi ukuze ziqonde ubuhle bezinhlobonhlobo zamadada. Ngezansi, sisho ezinye izinhlobo zamadada ahlala emhlabeni wethu, ezinye zincane noma zincane kanti ezinye zinkulu:
- Idada elinamaphiko aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (U-Anas akavumelani)
- Teal onsundu (Anas georgia)
- Idada elinamaphiko ethusi (Anas specularis)
- Idada elibunjiwe (Anas specularoides)
- Idada lezinkuni (Aix sponsa)
- Umbala Obomvu (I-Amazonetta brasiliensis)
- I-Brazilian Merganser (UMerguso ctosetaceus)
- I-Collared Cheetah (UCallonettaleu Cophrys)
- Idada elinamaphiko amhlophe (Asarcornis scutulata)
- Idada lase-Australia (Chenonetta jubata)
- Idada elimhlophe ngaphambili (UPteronetta hartlaubii)
- Idada likaSider's Eider (Polysticta stelleri)
- Idada laseLabrador (ICamptorhynchus labradorius)
- Idada elimnyama (nigra melanitta)
- Idada elinomsila (UClangula hyemalis)
- Idada le-Golden-Eyed (UClancula bucephala)
- I-Merganser encane (I-Mergellus albellus)
- ICapuchin Merganser (AmaLophodytes cucullatus)
- Idada laseMelika elinomsila omhlophe (U-Oxyura jamaicensis)
- Idada elinomsila omhlophe (Oxyura leucocephala)
- Idada lase-Afrika elimsila omhlophe (I-Oxyura macacoa)
- I-Teal-in-the-Ass Teal (Oxyura vitata)
- Idada elibunjiwe (Ama-melanote kaSarkidiornis)
Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- Izinhlobo zamadada, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu se-Curiosities somhlaba wezilwane.