Izinhlobo zama-molluscs: izici nezibonelo

Umlobi: Laura McKinney
Usuku Lokudalwa: 4 Epreli 2021
Ukuvuselela Usuku: 17 Unovemba 2024
Anonim
Izinhlobo zama-molluscs: izici nezibonelo - Izifufuzo Ezifuywayo
Izinhlobo zama-molluscs: izici nezibonelo - Izifufuzo Ezifuywayo

-Delile

Wena molluscs bayiqembu elikhulu lezilwane ezingenamgogodla, abacishe babe baningi njengama-arthropods. Yize beyizilwane ezahlukahlukene kakhulu, kungenzeka ukuthola izici ezithile ezihlukanisa ngokwehlukile. Ngabe ufuna ukwazi kabanzi ngabo?

Kule ndatshana kaPeritoAnimal, ake sazi ifayela le- izinhlobo zama-molluscs akhona, izici zazo nokuhlukaniswa kwazo, futhi sizophinda sibe nohlu lwama-molluscs ukuze wazi okuncane kokwehlukahlukana. Qhubeka ufunde!

yini ama-molluscs

ama-molluscs yiwo ezingenamgogodla onombolo yayo ethambile ithambile njengaleyo yama-annelids, kepha umzimba wayo omdala awuhlukanisiwe, yize amanye angavikelwa yigobolondo. Iqembu elikhulu kakhulu lezilwane ezingenamqolo ngemuva kwama-arthropods. Kukhona cishe Izinhlobo eziyi-100,000, kuwo angama-60,000 angama-gastropods. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo ezingama-30,000 zezinsalela zamandulo nazo ziyaziwa.


Eziningi zalezi zilwane zingama-molluscs. zasolwandlei-benthic, okungukuthi, bahlala ngaphansi kolwandle. Amanye amaningi asemhlabeni, njengeminenke ethile. Ukwehlukahluka okukhulu okukhona kusho ukuthi lezi zilwane ziye zakhombisa inani elikhulu lezindawo zokuhlala ezahlukahlukene ngakho-ke konke ukudla kukhona ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zama-molluscs.

Futhi thola ePeritoAnimal ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zamakhorali, zasolwandle nezasemhlabeni.

AmaMolluscs: izici

AmaMolluscs ayiqembu elihluke kakhulu, futhi ukuthola izici ezijwayelekile kubo bonke kuwumsebenzi owesabekayo. Ngakho-ke, sizokwethula izici ezivame kakhulu, yize kunokuhlukahluka okuningi:


Umzimba we-shellfish uhlukaniswe waba izifunda ezine eziyinhloko:

  • ingubo: ingaphezulu lomzimba lomzimba elingavikela ukuvikelwa. Lokhu kuvikela kunomsuka we-chitinous kanye namaprotheni okwakha kamuva ukufaka amadiphozithi e-limestone, ama-spikes noma igobolondo. Ezinye izilwane ezingenawo amagobolondo zinokuvikelwa kwamakhemikhali.
  • unyawo locomotive: i-ciliated, yemisipha enezindlala ezinamafinyila. Ukusuka lapho, kuvela izicubu ezimbalwa zemisipha ye-dorsoventral ezisebenzela ukuhoxisa unyawo futhi ululungise engubeni.
  • isifunda se-cephalic: kulesi sifunda sithola ubuchopho, umlomo nezinye izitho zezinzwa.
  • umgodi okhanyayo: lapha kukhona i-osphradia (izitho zomzimba), ama-body orifices (indunu) nama-gill, abizwa ngama-ctenids.

O Izinsiza zokugaya ze-shellfish inezici ezithile zobuntu:


  • Isisu: lezi zilwane zinokugayeka kwangaphandle kwamaseli. Izinhlayiya ezigayekayo zikhethwa yindlala yokugaya (hepatopancreas), kuthi konke kudlulele emathunjini ukukhiqiza indle.
  • i-radula: lesi sitho, esisemlonyeni womlomo, ulwelwesi oluyisimo seteyipu enamazinyo, esekelwa yi-odontophore (ubukhulu bokuqina kobuhlungu benhliziyo) futhi sihanjiswe yimisipha eyinkimbinkimbi. Ukubukeka nokunyakaza kwayo kufana nolimi. Amazinyo amahle anama-radula adabula ukudla. Amazinyo asekhulile futhi aphelelwe amandla ayawa, kuthi amasha akhe esikhwameni sempande. Ama-solenogastros amaningi awanayo i-radula, futhi ayikho i-bivalve enayo.

Kodwa-ke, ngokungeziwe, eyakho uhlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi ivulekile, kuphela inhliziyo nezitho eziseduze ezinezitsha. Inhliziyo ihlukaniswe ngama-atria amabili kanye ne-ventricle. Lezi zilwane awunayo idivaysi ekhishwayo ezimisele. Banama-metanephrids asebenzisana nenhliziyo, okuyi-ultrafilter, ekhiqiza umchamo oyinhloko obuyiselwe kabusha kuma-nephrids, nawo anesibopho sokulawula inani lamanzi. O uhlelo lokuzala inama-gonads amabili phambi kwe-pericardium. Ama-gametes ayiswa emgodini we-paleal, ovame ukuxhunyaniswa ne-nephrids. AmaMolluscs angaba yi-dioecious noma i-hermaphrodite.

ngezigaba molluscs

I-mollusc phylum ihlukana ibe yi- amakilasi ayisishiyagalombili, futhi konke kunezinhlobo eziphilayo. Ukuhlukaniswa kwama-molluscs yilezi:

  • Isigaba seCaudofoveata: ama-molluscs ku ukuma kwesibungu. Azinawo amagobolondo, kepha imizimba yazo imbozwe ngama-spikes ane-calcareous ne-aragonitic. Bahlala bangcwatshwe emhlabathini babheke phansi.
  • Isigaba Solenogasters: yizilwane ezicishe zifane nesigaba esedlule, kangangoba ngokomlando zifakiwe eqenjini elilodwa. Zibuye zenziwe ngesibungu, kepha esikhundleni sokuphila zingcwatshwe, zihlala mahhala olwandle, zondla ama-cnidarians. Lezi zilwane nazo zinama-spikes anekhalali kanye ne-aragonitic.
  • Isigaba seMonoplacophore: ama-molluscs akudala kakhulu. umzimba wakho embozwe ngegobolondo elilodwa, njengohhafu wembaza, kepha banonyawo lwemisipha olufana neminenke.
  • Isigaba sePolyplacophora: Ekuboneni kokuqala, ziyefana nohlobo oluthile lwe-crustacean, njenge-armadillos-de-garden. Umzimba wala ma-molluscs umbozwe iqoqo lamapuleti aqiniswe nge-magnetite. Zibonisa nonyawo lokukhasa kwemisipha kanye ne-radula.
  • Isigaba seScaphopoda: lama-molluscs anomzimba omude kakhulu, kanye negobolondo lawo, elimise okophondo, yingakho aziwa ngokuthi amagobolondo ama-fang. Ingenye yezinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu zama-molluscs asolwandle.
  • Isigaba seBivalvia: ama-bivalves, njengoba igama lisho, angama-molluscs awo umzimba uphakathi kwama-valve amabili noma amagobolondo. Lawa ma-valve amabili asondele kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwemisipha ethile nemisipha. Izinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu zama-bivalve molluscs ngama-clams, izimbaza nama-oysters.
  • Isigaba seGastropoda: ama-gastropods ayaziwa iminenkenama-slugs, kokubili okusemhlabeni nokwasolwandle. Banendawo ehlukaniswe kahle ye-cephalic, unyawo lwemisipha lokukhasa noma ukubhukuda, negobolondo le-dorsal. Leli gobolondo kungenzeka lingabi khona kwezinye izinhlobo.
  • Isigaba seCephalopoda: iqembu le-cephalopod lakhiwa octopuses, sepia, squid kanye nautilus. Ngaphandle kokungahle kubonakale, onke afaka amagobolondo. Okusobala kakhulu yi-nautilus, ngoba ingaphandle. I-Sepia ne-squid zinegobolondo elikhulu noma elingaphansi ngaphakathi. Igobolondo le-octopus licishe libe yi-vestigial, kusele imicu emincane emibili kuphela yamatshe e-limestone emzimbeni wayo. Esinye isici esibalulekile sama-cephalopods ukuthi, kulesi sigaba, unyawo lwemisipha olukhona kuma-molluscs seluguqulwe lwaba yizintambo. Kungaba nezintambo eziphakathi kuka-8 nangaphezulu kwama-90, kuya ngohlobo lwe-mollusc.

Isibonelo seShellfish

Manje uyazi izici nokuhlukaniswa kwama-molluscs. Okulandelayo, sizochaza ngamanye izinhlobo ze-shellfish nezibonelo:

1. I-Chaetoderma elegans

ubunjwe isibungu futhi esingenalugobolondo, lokhu kungenye yezinhlobo zama-molluscs ezekilasi iCaudofoveata. Inokusatshalaliswa kwezindawo ezishisayo oLwandlekazi iPacific. ingatholakala ku- ukujula kwamamitha angama-50 ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1800.

2. Neomenian carinata

Futhi enye i-vermiform mollusc, kepha kulokhu kungokomndeni wakwaSolenogastrea. Lezi zinhlobo zama-molluscs zitholakala ebangeni lokujula phakathi kwamamitha ayi-10 kuye kwangama-565, ukuhlala ngokukhululeka oLwandle i-Atlantic, ogwini lwasePortugal.

3. Iphela lolwandle (Chiton articulatus)

Iphela lolwandle luhlobo oluthile molluscpolyplacophora kugcwele eMexico. Ihlala engxenyeni enamatshe esendaweni enamanzi amaningi. Luhlobo olukhulu, olufinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-7.5 ubude phakathi kwezinhlobo zama-molluscs.

4. I-Antalis vulgaris

Kuyinto yezinhlobo ze scaphopod mollusk ngegobolondo elifana ne-tubular noma eliyimpango. Umbala wayo umhlophe. Hlala ku izihlabathi ezingaphansi ezinesihlabathi nodaka engajulile, ezindaweni eziphakathi nendawo. Lezi zinhlobo zama-molluscs zitholakala ngasogwini lwe-Atlantic neMedithera.

I-Coquina (iDonax trunculus)

I-Coquinas olunye uhlobo lwe-shellfish. Kunjalo bivalve ngobukhulu obuncane, bavame ukuhlala ogwini lwe-Atlantic neMedithera. Zithandwa kakhulu ekudleni kwaseMedithera. Bangahlala endaweni engaphansi kwe-subtidal cishe Amamitha angama-20 ukujula.

6. I-Oyster yase-Flat yaseYurophu (i-Ostrea edulis)

Ama-oysters angenye ye- izinhlobo zama-molluscsbivalve we-oda le-Ostreoid. Lezi zinhlobo zingalingana ngamasentimitha ayi-11 futhi zikhiqize umama wamaparele. Zisatshalaliswa zisuka eNorway ziye eMorocco kanye naseMedithera. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ziyalinywa ngenhlanzi yasemanzini.

Bona ezinye izibonelo zezilwane ezinomgogodla nezingenamgogodla kule ndatshana yePeritoAnimal.

7. ICaracoleta (Helix aspersa)

umnenke ngu- cishe ukuthii-gastropod mollusk ngokuphefumula kwamaphaphu, okungukuthi, ayinazifo futhi iphila ebusweni bomhlaba. Badinga umswakama omningi, futhi uma bengafuni, bacasha ngaphakathi kwegobolondo labo isikhathi eside ukuvimbela ukoma.

8. I-Octopus ejwayelekile (i-Octopus vulgaris)

I-octopus ejwayelekile iyi- umabhebhana ohlala e-Atlantic Ocean nasolwandle iMedithera. Ilinganisa cishe imitha ubude futhi ingashintsha umbala ngenxa yayo kwamabengo. Inenani eliphakeme le-gastronomy.

Ezinye izinhlobo zama-molluscs

Ngabe ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe? Okulandelayo, sizokhuluma ngokunye izinhlobo yamamolluscs:

  • Scutopus robustus;
  • I-Scutopus ventrolineatus;
  • ULaevipilina cachuchensis;
  • ULaevipilina rolani;
  • I-Tonicella lineata;
  • Ukusabalalisa i-Chiton noma i-Phantom Chiton (I-acanthopleura eyimbumbulu);
  • Ditrupa arietin;
  • UMfula Mussel (margaritifera margaritifera);
  • Imbaza yePearl (i-crystal yangasese);
  • Iberus gualtieranus alonensis;
  • Iberus gualtieranus gualtieranus;
  • Umnenke Omkhulu wase-Afrika (Achatina sooty);
  • I-Sepia-ejwayelekile (I-Sepia officinalis);
  • Ingulube enkulu (I-Architeuthis dux);
  • I-Giant Pacific Octopus (I-Enteroctopus dofleini);
  • Nautilus belauensis.

Funda kabanzi ngomhlaba wezilwane, hlola indatshana yethu ezinhlotsheni zofezela.

Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- Izinhlobo zama-molluscs: izici nezibonelo, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu se-Curiosities somhlaba wezilwane.