Izinhlobo zama-urchins asolwandle

Umlobi: Laura McKinney
Usuku Lokudalwa: 7 Epreli 2021
Ukuvuselela Usuku: 20 Unovemba 2024
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ukuphupha amanzi
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-Delile

Ama-Echinoid, aziwa kakhulu ngokuthi ama-sea urchins namabhisikidi olwandle, ayingxenye yesigaba se-Echinoidea. Izici eziyinhloko ze-urchin yasolwandle zifaka ukuma kwayo okuyindilinga ne-globose kwezinye izinhlobo futhi, nakanjani, nezinsika zayo ezidumile. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinhlobo zama-urchins asolwandle angaba nemizimba eyindilinga futhi eyisicaba.

I-urchin yasolwandle ine- Amathambo e-limestone, enikeza ukwakheka komzimba wakho, futhi lokhu nakho kwenziwa ngamacwecwe avikela ingaphakathi lawo njengegobolondo nalapho evela khona ameva noma izipikisi abanokuhamba. Zihlala kuzo zonke izilwandle zomhlaba, zifinyelela phansi kolwandle kuze kube cishe ngamamitha ayi-3 000 ukujula, futhi zondla izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlanzi, ulwelwe nezinye izinambuzane ezingenamgogodla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, babonisa imibala ehlukahlukene, okwenza kubathakazelise nakakhulu.


cishe Izinhlobo ezingama-950 ezikhona, izinhlobo ezimbili zama-urchins asolwandle zingatholakala: ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-urchins avamile olwandle, ayindilinga ngokuma futhi nomzimba umbozwe iminyango eminingi yobude obuhlukile; ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-urchins angajwayelekile, ayizicaba futhi anezinsipho ezimbalwa kakhulu abizwa ngama-wafers olwandle. Wake wazibuza ukuthi yini i- izinhlobo zama-urchins olwandle? Uma ufuna ukwazi izinhlobo nezici zalowo nalowo, kanye nezibonelo, ungaphuthelwa le ndatshana yePeritoAnimal!

Izinhlobo ezivamile ze-Sea Urchin

Phakathi kwama-urchins asolwandle ajwayelekile, okungukuthi, lawo anomzimba oyindilinga futhi ogcwele imiqolo, izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu yilezi ezilandelayo:

1. I-sea urchin ejwayelekile (Paracentrotus lividus)

Le nhlobo, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-chestnut yasolwandle, ingenye yezinto ezivame kakhulu oLwandle iMedithera, ngaphezu kokuba khona olwandle i-Atlantic Ocean, lapho kuhlala khona phansi kwamadwala nezimfunda zasolwandle. Kuvamile ukubathola ekujuleni okungafika kumamitha angama-30, futhi bona ziyakwazi ukuphula amadwala athambile ngameva abo bese bengena emigodini abayikhiqizayo. Umzimba wayo oyindilinga ulinganiselwa ku-7 cm ububanzi nezipho anhlobonhlobo imibala, ingahle ibe nemibala ensundu, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nansomi.


Ungahle ube nentshisekelo kule enye indatshana ephathelene nezilwane zasolwandle ezisengozini.

2. Umchamo omkhulu wolwandle (I-Echinus esculentus)

Obeye aziwe njengo i-hedgehog yaseYurophu edliwayo, lolu hlobo lutholakala kulo lonke ugu lwaseYurophu. Imvamisa ingahlala ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1 000 ukujula nezindawo ezihlala njalo ezinama-substrates aqinile namatshe. Ububanzi bayo buhluka phakathi kuka-10 kuye ku-17 cm futhi unezinsipho ezimfishane kakhulu ngamathiphu ansomi. Umzimba osele une- Umbala obomvu ukugqama, yize kungahluka kusuka kupinki kuye kokunsomi ngokuphaphathekile noma ngamathoni aluhlaza okotshani.

Kuyinto yezinhlobo ezihlukaniswa ngokuthi "wacishe wasongelwa"yi-IUCN (International Union for the Conservation of Nature) ngenxa yokusetshenziswa ngokweqile komsebenzi wokudoba, ngoba iyinhlobo edliwa ngumuntu.


3. I-Urchin Yolwandle Oluhlaza (I-Psammechinus miliaris)

Obeye aziwe njengo i-sea sea urchin, lolu hlobo lusatshalaliswa olwandle i-Atlantic Ocean, lujwayeleke kakhulu eNorth Sea. Imvamisa lolu hlobo luphila ngamamitha ayi-100 ukujula, ezindaweni ezinamadwala ezinobuningi bolwelwe. Eqinisweni, kuvame kakhulu ukuyithola ihlotshaniswa ne-algae ensundu. Kuyinsakavukela umchilo wesidwaba nolwandle. Ilinganisa cishe u-6 cm ububanzi kanti umbala we-carapace yayo uyi nsundu ngokumpunga, kanti ameva abo aluhlaza nge amathiphu ansomi.

Uma, ngaphezu kwama-urchins asolwandle, futhi unentshisekelo kuma-octopus, ungaphuthelwa le ndatshana enamaqiniso ayi-20 amnandi ngama-octopus asuselwa kwizifundo zesayensi.

4. Umchamo womlilo (I-Astropyga radiata)

Lezi zinhlobo zisatshalaliswa olwandle lwaseNdiya nolwePacific, imvamisa ekujuleni okungadluli kumamitha angama-30 futhi okungcono ngamabhodlela esihlabathi. Ibuye ihlale ezindaweni ezinamakhorali. Luhlobo olukhulu nokubala kwalo amabanga ukusuka kobomvu obumnyama kuya kumbala okhanyayo njenge-beige, kepha kukhona futhi abantu abamnyama, onsomi noma owolintshi.

ameva alo amade obomvu noma omnyama, nakho lokho zinobuthi futhi zisebenza ukuzivikela, ziqoqwe ngendlela yokuthi ezinye izingxenye zomzimba zembulwe, bese kubonakala umumo ongu-V. Ameva nawo ane-iridescence, ngendlela yokuthi abonakale evutha. Ububanzi bomzimba wayo bungadlula u-20 cm futhi, uma bungezwa emeveni ayo angaba ngu-5 cm, benza i-fire urchin ibe uhlobo oluthinta kakhulu nolunamandla.

5.Ulwandle Olumnyama (Umqhele we-Antillarum)

Obeye aziwe njengo i-hedgehog enameva amade, lolu hlobo luhlala oLwandle lweCaribbean nasentshonalanga ye-Atlantic Ocean, lapho luhlala emanzini angajulile ezixhobo zamakhorali. idlala i- indima ebalulekile yemvelo, ngoba banesibopho sokugcina abantu abazinzile bezinhlobo eziningi ze-algae, ezingamboza amakhorali ngenye indlela. Ingabe izinhlobo ezidla kakhulu, kodwa lokho kwesinye isikhathi, lapho ukudla kwakho kuyindlala, ungadla inyama. Lolu hlobo lwe-urchin yasolwandle lunombala omnyama, futhi isici salo esihlaba umxhwele kakhulu ubukhona bezinhlayiya ezinde, ezingaba ngamasentimitha ayi-12 futhi kubantu abakhulu zingalinganisa ngaphezu kuka-30 cm.

Izinhlobo Zama-Urchins Ongajwayelekile Olwandle

Manje sizodlulela ezinhlotsheni zemijovo yolwandle engajwayelekile, leyo imizimba yayo ibushelelezi futhi inezinsipho ezimbalwa kunaleyo ejwayelekile. Lezi yizinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zama-urchins olwandle angajwayelekile:

6. I-Echinocardium cordatum

Lezi zinhlobo, ezingenalo igama elidumile ngesiPutukezi, zisatshalaliswa kuzo zonke izilwandle zomhlaba, ngaphandle kwezindawo eziphakeme kakhulu. Ihlala ebangeni elingaphezu kwamamitha angama-200 ukujula naphansi kwesihlabathi, lapho ubukhona bayo bungaqashelwa ngoba, lapho ingcwaba yona, kunokudangala esihlabathini. Umzimba wayo ungalinganisa cishe u-9 cm, umise okwenhliziyo futhi umbozwe ngokuphelele ameva amafushane, alula, acishe aphuzi, ezinikeza ukubonakala kwezinwele. Uhlala angcwatshwe emakamelweni awamba esihlabathini futhi angafika kumamitha ayi-15 ukujula.

7. I-Echinocyamus pusillus

Le urchin yasolwandle isatshalaliswa isuka eNorway yaya eSierra Leone, kubandakanya noLwandle iMedithera. imvamisa ihlala ku- amanzi azolile futhi kungabonwa kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-1 000 ukujula, ezinhlabathini ezinesihlabathi noma ezinhle. kunomusa incane kakhulu okujwayele ukuthi kungeqi isentimitha elilodwa ububanzi futhi okunomumo ovundlile okweqanda. Izinsika zayo zifushane futhi ziqoqwe ngobuningi. Le urchin yasolwandle inelukuluku lokwazi ngombala wayo oluhlaza okotshani, yize amathambo ayo emhlophe qwa.

8. I-dendraster eccentricus

Le nhlobo, engenalo igama elidumile ngesiPutukezi, ingeyaseMelika futhi isatshalaliswa ngaphesheya koLwandlekazi iPacific, ukusuka e-Alaska kuya eBaja California. Ihlala emanzini apholile futhi angajulile, imvamisa ekujuleni okungajulile, yize ingafinyelela ekujuleni okungaba ngamamitha angama-90, lapho igobhoza khona ezinyaweni ezinesihlabathi futhi abantu abaningi bangahlangana ndawonye. ukwakheka kwayo kuyisicaba, ikuvumela ukuthi uzingcwabe esihlabathini. Ngokuvamile, lawa ma-urchin olwandle alinganiselwa ku-8 cm, yize engafinyelela ngaphezu kuka-10 Umbala uyehluka kusuka kunsundvu kuya kuphephuli, nomzimba wakho umbozwe imiqolo emihle efana nezinwele.

9. UMellita quinquiesperforata

Lezi zinhlobo zamabhisikidi asolwandle zitholakala ngasogwini lwe-Atlantic Ocean, eNyakatho Melika naseNyakatho Carolina kuya eningizimu yeBrazil. Kujwayelekile ukukubona kokubili ogwini olunesihlabathi kanye nasezindaweni ezinamadwala, kanye nasezindaweni zamakhorali, ekujuleni okungaphezu kwamamitha ayi-150. Ingabe izinhlobo eziphakathi nendawo, njengoba ngokuvamile ingeqi ku-10 cm. Njengawo wonke amabhisikidi asolwandle, iyisicaba ngaphakathi futhi inakho ukuvuleka okuyisihlanu phezulu yegobolondo, ezisebenza njengama-gill. Imbozwe imisipha emihle, emifushane eyinika umbala ogqamile ogqamile.

Ungaba nentshisekelo yokwazi ukuthi iziphi izinhlobo zeminenke: ezasolwandle nezasemhlabeni, esizethula kulesi esinye isihloko.

10. Leodia sexyesperforata

Le nhlobo ye-hedgehog idabuka olwandle i-Atlantic, e izindawo ezishisayo nezishisayo, kusukela eNyakatho Melika kuya eNingizimu Melika, lapho ifinyelela khona e-Uruguay. Ihlala emanzini angajulile nolwandle oluthambile lwangaphansi, eyisebenzisa ukuzingcwaba ezindaweni ezinezimila ezincane zasolwandle, futhi ingatholwa ifinyelele kumamitha angama-60 ukujula.

Njengezinye izinhlobo, leli bhisikidi lasolwandle licwecwe dorsoventrally futhi ukwakheka kwayo kucishe kube pentagonal. Usayizi wayo uyahlukahluka, nabantu abalinganiswa kusuka ku-5 cm kuye ngaphezu kwe-13. Futhi njengoba igama lisho, inemigodi eyisithupha ebizwa ngama-lunula ngaphezulu kwegobolondo layo, ngaphezu kwezinsipho eziningi ezimfushane ezimboze umzimba wayo.

Ezinye izinhlobo zama-urchins olwandle

Ngaphezu kwezinhlobo zama-urchins asolwandle ashiwo ngenhla, kunezinye eziningi, njenge:

  • echinus melo
  • Ipensela elibomvu iHedgehog (heterocentrotus mammillatus)
  • I-Urchin Yolwandle Olumhlophe (i-gracilechinus acutus)
  • UCidaris Cidaris
  • spatangus onsomi
  • I-Stylocidaris affinis
  • Amazambane Olwandle (I-Brissus unicolor)
  • I-Purple Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
  • Umqoqi we-Hedgehog (ukuzithokozisa kathathu)
  • I-Urchin Yolwandle Oluhlaza (I-Lytechinus variegatus)
  • Mathaei Echinometer
  • I-Kina (I-Evechinus chloroticus)
  • Ibhishi Cracker (I-Encope emarginate)
  • Ama-Arachnoids angokwemvelo
  • I-Urchin Yolwandle Olubomvu (I-Asthenosoma marisrubri)

Manje njengoba wazi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-urchins asolwandle, awukwazi ukuphuthelwa yile vidiyo lapho sethula khona izilwane zasolwandle eziyivelakancane eziyi-7 emhlabeni:

Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- Izinhlobo zama-urchins asolwandle, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu se-Curiosities somhlaba wezilwane.