-Delile
- Kuyini ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo?
- Izinhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo
- ukuhlukahluka kofuzo
- Izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo
- Ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo noma kwemvelo
- Ukubaluleka kokuhlukahluka kwemvelo
- Izimbangela zokulahleka kwemvelo
Enye yezingqinamba ezisemqoka zesikhathi samanje, ngaphandle kokungabaza, ukongiwa kwezinto eziphilayo. Ingqikithi ezuze ukusebenzelana ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zomsebenzi wabantu, njengoba isuselwa ekuqondeni nasekufundeni kwayo, singathuthukisa izinhlelo zokongiwa kwayo. Kodwa ingabe siyazi ngempela ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo? Kusondelwa ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, njengoba sikwazi ukubhekana nokuhlukahluka kwemvelo ngokombono wokuziphendukela kwemvelo, okwezemvelo kanye nowomnotho. Kodwa-ke, noma-ke noma abantu behlangana nokuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo nsuku zonke nangezindlela ezahlukahlukene, kaningi kunzima ukuchaza incazelo yaso.
Kule ndatshana kaPeritoAnimal, sizokutshela yini ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo, izici zayo nezinhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezikhona.
Kuyini ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo?
Sekuphakanyisiwe imiqondo eminingana yokwehlukahlukana kwezinto eziphilayo noma yezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, futhi leli gama selisetshenziswe kabanzi ngokubanzi. Singachaza ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo njenge ukwehluka kwempilo, ukwakheka kwayo, ukwakheka kwayo, nomsebenzi wayo, futhi ingamelwa njengobukhosi bezinto ezixhunyiwe emazingeni ehlukene enhlangano yezinto eziphilayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubhekisa kukwehlukahluka kuwo wonke amazinga enhlangano, kusukela kuzakhi zofuzo ezakha inani labantu noma izinhlobo zezilwane, ezinhlotsheni ezakha umphakathi, futhi ekugcineni, emiphakathini efanayo eyenza imvelo eminingi yomhlaba. Ngakho-ke uma sikhuluma ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, sibhekisa kuzo wonke amazinga okuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo.
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ziyimpahla yamasistimu aphilayo ukwehluka, okungukuthi, kukhona ukwehluka phakathi kwazo zonke izinto eziphilayo emhlabeni, futhi lokhu kuyimpahla engokwemvelo nengokwemvelo yazo zonke izinhlelo zebhayoloji. Futhi kuyisici sezindlela eziningi lapho zonke izinto eziphilayo zijwayela futhi zihlanganise.
Izinhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo
Manje njengoba usuyazi ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo, sesingakhuluma ngezinhlobo ezingabekwa kuzona. Siyazi ukuthi ukwehluka kwebhayoloji kufaka phakathi ukwahlukahluka kwazo zonke izinto eziphilayo kusuka kunoma yimuphi umthombo noma imvelaphi, futhi lokho kufaka phakathi indawo yasemhlabeni neyasemanzini kanye namanethiwekhi emvelo ayingxenye yawo. Lokho kusho, ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo kuhlukaniswa ngokwesilinganiso esigxile kuso, okungaba:
ukuhlukahluka kofuzo
Izinhlobonhlobo zezakhi zofuzo zibhekisa kukwehlukahluka ngaphakathi kohlobo ngalunye, okusho ukuthi, kubhekiswa kukho ngokuhluka okukhona ngaphakathi kwezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Kuyisethi yazo zonke izakhi zakho zofuzo, futhi lapho ukwehluka kwezakhi zofuzo kukhona, kukhula amathuba okuphumelela kohlobo oluthile. Ngomqondo obanzi, kuyisici esiyisisekelo kunazo zonke zezinto eziphilayo futhi sichazwa njengokuhlukahluka okuzuzekayo nokwenzeka emzimbeni ngamunye phakathi kwabantu besizwe, naphakathi kwabantu abaphakathi kwezinhlobo ezifanayo, kusuka kuzinqubo zokuziphendukela kwemvelo. Ngakho-ke, ukwazi nokuqonda ukuthi lezi zinqubo zisebenza kanjani kubalulekile ukuthi sizigcine, ngoba izindawo eziningi zincike kulolu hlobo lwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, njengokuthuthuka kofuzo lokuziphendukela kwemvelo, impilo yabantu, ukusimama nokukhiqiza kwemikhakha namahlathi kanye nezinye izinto zemvelo.
Izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo
Lolu hlobo lwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo luyisisekelo inani lezinhlobo ezihlala endaweni, kungaba yihlathi, ichibi noma izwekazi. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kufaka zonke izici ezivamile ukuthi uhlobo ngalunye luhlanganyele futhi ezivumela abantu bohlobo olufanayo ukuthi bazalane bodwa.
Ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo noma kwemvelo
Ifaka phakathi yonke imvelo esiyithola emhlabeni noma endaweni enikeziwe, nazo zonke izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo eziyingxenye yalezi zinhlelo zemvelo, kanye nebhalansi ekhona phakathi kwazo. Njengoba sikhuluma ngokusebenzisana kwezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezakha i-ecosystem, lolu hlobo lwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo lungahlukaniswa lube izingxenye ezintathu:
- ukwehluka kwe-alpha: kuchazwa njengenani lezinhlobo ezingeni lasendaweni.
- ukwehluka kwe-beta: kubhekisa ezingeni elijwayelekile futhi ngumehluko ekwakhiweni kwezinhlobo eziphakathi kwemiphakathi.
- ukwehluka kwe-gamma: inombolo yezinhlobo ezingeni lesifunda, okungukuthi, kucatshangelwa izinga eliphakeme.
Lawa ngamazinga achaza izici ezahlukahlukene zokwehluka futhi okuguquguqukayo okuhambisana nawo kuyehluka. Kuyindlela yokuhlelela ukuhlukahluka kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, kufaka phakathi indawo yesikali.
Ukubaluleka kokuhlukahluka kwemvelo
Imiphumela yokulahleka kwezinhlobonhlobo zemvelo iyethusa impela, yingakho kubalulekile ukuyilondoloza. Sekuyiminyaka eminingi, ukongiwa kwezinhlobo zezindawo eziphilayo kanye nemvelo kuye kwaba nokukhathazeka ngokwandayo. Ukubaluleka kwayo kulele ekutheni ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezahlukahlukene zemvelo noma zemvelo, okungukuthi, ukuhlinzeka ngezimo zemvelo nezinqubo ezijwayelekile zemvelo futhi lapho umuntu ethola khona izinzuzo ezahlukahlukene futhi, ekugcineni, asinde. Ezinye zalezi zinsizakalo ukwehla kwezinsalela zezinto eziphilayo, ukwakheka nokwakheka kwenhlabathi nokulawulwa kokuguguleka nokuqedwa komhlaba, ukwanda kwemithombo yokudla yezitshalo nokukhiqizwa kwazo, ukulawulwa kwezinto eziphilayo zezinambuzane eziningi, impova yezinhlobo zezitshalo, ukulawulwa kwesimo sezulu, phakathi kokunye okuningi.
Kuzo zonke lezi zizathu, ukubaluleka kokuhlukahluka kwemvelo akuyona into edlula leyo gcina ibhalansi. Ngaphandle kwayo, impilo njengoba sazi ukuthi izonyamalala kancane kancane.
Izimbangela zokulahleka kwemvelo
Esigabeni esedlule, sabona imiphumela yokulahleka kwemvelo ehlukahlukene, okungukungalingani phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zemvelo ngakho-ke ukuwohloka kwempilo jikelele. Kepha yini ebangela lokhu? Ukulahleka kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kumelela enye yezinkinga zomhlaba ezibaluleke kakhulu, ngoba njengamanje, i-panorama ikhombisa ukonakala okhulayo nokonakala kwezinhlelo zemvelo kanye nokuhlukahluka kwazo. Ngenxa yabaningi imikhuba yabantu, imvelo nemvelo eminingi eyindida ibe yindawo ehambisanayo futhi elula, okubeka engcupheni ukuzinza kokuhlangana kwezinto eziphilayo ezakha imvelo futhi okuholele ekuqothulweni kwezinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo nezilwane. Ngokufanayo, abanye abaningi basengozini enkulu yokuqothulwa. Thola kulesi sihloko ezinye izilwane ezisengozini kakhulu emhlabeni.
Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yokwanda kwengcindezi yabantu eqhubeka njalo ukukhula, kube khona ukubhujiswa okusheshayo kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zasendaweni nezesifunda, okuvame ukushiya uhlaza lwemvelo nezilwane zasendle kungavikelekile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kanye nezindinganiso zesimanje zokukhiqizwa kokudla esizisebenzisayo, kunezinye izinto ezisongela ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo, njengalezi ezilandelayo:
- Ukuguqulwa nokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwezinhlobo zezindawo eziphilayo nezindawo zokuhlala
- Isingeniso sezinhlobo eziyinqaba
- Ukuguqulwa kwezimo zemvelo
Ngalo mqondo, i-Convention on Biological Diversity ka-1992 yaba negalelo ekusunguleni isimo sezepolitiki lapho okunhlobonhlobo kokuphilayo kuziveza njengodaba olubalulekile nolusemqoka, kokubili ezingeni lezemvelo nentuthuko, futhi kusiholela ekuqondeni ukuthi ubukhona nekusasa lezinhlobonhlobo zemvelo kuzinqubo zebhayoloji nezenhlalo.
Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- Ukuhlukahluka Kwemvelo - Incazelo, izinhlobo kanye nezici, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu se-Curiosities somhlaba wezilwane.