-Delile
- Kuyini ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-asexual
- Izinhlobo Zokukhiqizwa Kwezocansi kanye Nezibonelo
- 1.Ukubuyabuyelela kwemifino:
- 2.I-Parthenogenesis:
- 3. IGynogenesis:
- Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kobulili obufanayo njengecebo lokusinda
- Izilwane ezinokukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-asexual
THE ukukhiqiza kabusha kuwumkhuba obalulekile wazo zonke izinto eziphilayo, futhi ungomunye wemisebenzi emithathu ebalulekile izidalwa eziphilayo ezinayo. Ngaphandle kokuzala, zonke izinhlobo zezilwane zizobhujiswa, yize ukutholakala kwabesifazane nabesilisa kungadingeki ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuze kuzalwe kabusha. Kukhona isu lokuzala elibizwa nge-asexual reproduction elizimele (cishe kuzo zonke izimo) zocansi.
Kule ndatshana yePeritoAnimal, sizokhuluma ngayo izilwane ezi-asexual nezibonelo zazo, kuqala ngencazelo yegama "ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-asexualNgaphezu kwalokho, sizokhombisa izibonelo ezahlukahlukene kakhulu zomzimba ozala kabusha ngokocansi.
Kuyini ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-asexual
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kobulili obufanayo kuyi- isu lokuzala kwenziwa izilwane ezithile nezitshalo, lapho kungadingeki khona ukuba khona kwabantu ababili abadala bobulili obuhlukile. Lolu hlobo lwecebo lwenzeka lapho umuntu ekhiqiza inzalo efana ncamashi yofuzo kubo. Kwesinye isikhathi singalithola igama ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-clonal, njengoba kukhulisa ukufana komzali.
Ngokunjalo, kulolu hlobo lokuzala kabusha awekho amangqamuzana egciwane (amaqanda noma isidoda) abathintekayo, ngaphandle kwemibili, i-parthenogenesis ne-gynogenesis, esizoyibona ngezansi. esikhundleni salokho amaseli we-somatic (lezo ezakha zonke izicubu zomzimba) noma izakhiwo zomzimba.
Izinhlobo Zokukhiqizwa Kwezocansi kanye Nezibonelo
Kunezinhlobo eziningi nezinhlayiya zokukhiqiza kabusha kwe-asexual ezilwaneni, futhi uma sifaka izitshalo namagciwane, lolu hlu lude lude. Okulandelayo, sizokukhombisa amasu wokuzala wezilwane afundwe kakhulu emhlabeni wezesayensi, ngakho-ke, aziwa kakhulu.
1.Ukubuyabuyelela kwemifino:
THE kufufusa ukukhiqizwa okujwayelekile kwe-asexual kwe- izipanji zasolwandle. Kwenzeka lapho izinhlayiya zokudla zinqwabelana ngohlobo oluthile lweseli kuzipanji. Lawa maseli agcina evikelekile, enza i- gemmula okukhishwa kamuva, okwenza kube nesiponji esisha.
Olunye uhlobo lokukhiqiza kabusha imifino yi- kufufusa. Iqembu lamaseli ebusweni besilwane liqala ukukhula lakheke umuntu omusha, angagcina ehlukanisiwe noma anamathele ndawonye bese enza ikoloni. Lolu hlobo lokukhiqiza lwenzeka kuma-hydra.
Ezinye izilwane zingazala nge ukwahlukana. Kulolu hlobo lokukhiqiza kabusha, isilwane singahlukana sibe yisiqeshana esisodwa noma ngaphezulu futhi kwesinye nalezi zingcezu kuvela umuntu omusha ngokuphelele.Isibonelo esivame kakhulu singabonakala kumjikelezo wempilo we-starfish, ngoba lapho belahlekelwa yingalo, ngaphezu kokukwazi ukuyivuselela, lengalo ibuye yakhe umuntu omusha, okuyi Clone yenkanyezi yasekuqaleni.
2.I-Parthenogenesis:
Njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni, i-parthenogenesis idinga iqanda kepha hhayi isidoda. Iqanda elingavundiswanga lingaguqula libe yisidalwa esisha. Lolu hlobo lokuzala kabusha kwe-asexual luqale lwachazwa kuma-aphid, uhlobo lwesinambuzane.
3. IGynogenesis:
I-Gynogenesis olunye uhlobo lokukhiqiza okungabazali. Amaqanda adinga umfutho (isidoda) ukwakha umbungu, kepha akunikeli ngezakhi zofuzo. Ngakho-ke, inzalo iyisibonelo sikamama. Isidoda esisetshenzisiwe akudingeki sibe uhlobo olufanayo nomama, uhlobo nje olufanayo. kwenzeka ku- ama-amphibians kanye nama-teleosts.
Ngezansi, sikukhombisa isibonelo sokuqhekeka kabusha kokukhiqizwa ku-starfish:
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kobulili obufanayo njengecebo lokusinda
Izilwane azilisebenzisi leli qhinga lokuzala njengendlela ejwayelekile yokuzala, kunalokho zikwenza kuphela ezikhathini ezingezinhle, njengalapho kuba nezinguquko emvelweni, amazinga okushisa ashubile, isomiso, ukuntuleka kwabesilisa, ukudla okuphakeme, njll.
Ukukhiqizwa ngokobulili kunciphisa ukwehluka kofuzo, okungaholela ekunyamalaleni kwekholoni, iqembu noma inani lezilwane uma ushintsho olungazelelwe emvelweni luqhubeka.
Izilwane ezinokukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-asexual
Izidalwa eziningi zisebenzisa ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-asexual ukuqhubekisela phambili izinhlobo zezinto ezingaphansi kwezikhathi ezifanele. Ngezansi, sizokukhombisa izibonelo ezithile.
- Spongilla alba: luhlobo lwe isipanji samanzi esisha okuvela ezwenikazi laseMelika, elingaphinde likhiqizwe ngu kufufusa lapho izinga lokushisa lifinyelela ku -10 ° C.
- i-glide enamafu: kungokwe-phylum of flatworms noma izibungu ezisicaba. Zihlala emanzini ahlanzekile futhi zisatshalaliswa kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Lezi zimpethu zizalana nge ukwahlukana. Uma isikwa yaba yizicucu eziningana, ngayinye iba ngumuntu omusha.
- Ambystoma altamirani: a intulo yomfudlana wezintaba, kanye namanye ama-salamanders ohlobo Ambystoma, ingazala kabusha nge gynogenesis. Bavela eMexico.
- I-Ramphotyphlops braminus: inyoka eyimpumputhe ivela e-Asia nase-Afrika, yize yethulwe kwamanye amazwekazi. Ingabe inyoka incane kakhulu, ingaphansi kwamasentimitha angama-20, futhi izala kabusha ngo- parthenogene.
- i-hydra oligactis: ama-hydra ayihlobo lwe i-jellyfish amanzi amasha angakwazi ukuzala nge kufufusa. Ihlala ezindaweni ezifudumele zasenyakatho yezwe.
Kule vidiyo elandelayo, ungabona ukuvuselelwa ngemuva kokunqunywa kwesibungu esicwebezelayo, ikakhulukazi i-a i-glide enamafu:
Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kobulili ezilwaneni, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu se-Curiosities somhlaba wezilwane.