-Delile
- yini ukuhlanganyela
- Izinhlobo ze-Commensalism
- Izibonelo Zokubusa Kwesizwe
- 1. Ukubusa phakathi kwabavuni nezintuthwane
- 2. Ubukhomanisi phakathi kwesigcilikisha esikhulu i-El Hierro kanye nenhlwathi enemilenze ephuzi
- 3. Ukubusa phakathi kwezintaka nezinkanyezi ezimnyama
- 4. Ukubusa phakathi kwezimpukane kanye nezibungu
- 5. Ubumbano phakathi kwezinyoni nezihlahla
- 6. Ukubusa phakathi kwezwe noshaka
- 7. Ukubusa phakathi kwamabhubesi nezimpisi
Ngokwemvelo, ubudlelwano obuningi bokufanelana buvela phakathi kwezinto ezahlukahlukene ukufeza inhloso. I-Symbiosis yiyo kanye le nhlangano yesikhathi eside phakathi kwezidalwa ezimbili, ezingaba yinzuzo ezinhlangothini zombili noma cha, njengasesimweni sokudliwa kwesidalwa noma se-parasitism. Kukhona ukuxhumana, ngisho, okungebona bonke abathintekayo abazi ukuthi bayingxenye yobudlelwano. Lokhu kunjalo nge-commensalism.
Kule ndatshana yi-Animal Expert Ubukhomanisi - Incazelo, izinhlobo kanye nezibonelo uzoqonda kangcono ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezikhona nokuthi zenzeka kanjani. Qhubeka ufunde!
yini ukuhlanganyela
I-Commensalism ku-biology ichazwa njengobudlelwano phakathi kwezinto ezimbili zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, lapho enye yazo iyazuza kanti enye ayitholi lutho, hhayi okuhle noma okubi. Umphumela wobudlelwano kwelinye lamaqembu awuthathi hlangothi.
I-Commensalism wuhlobo lwe-symbiosis, ngokungafani nabanye, njenge-parasitism noma i-predation, engabangeli lutho olubi kunoma yimaphi amaqembu abandakanyekayo. Ngokwesinye isandla, umehluko phakathi kokuvumelana nokuhlanganyela ngukuthi, okokuqala, zombili izinhlangothi zithola izinzuzo.
I-Commensalism ku-microbiology nayo ifundwe kabanzi. Isibonelo, kukholamu yamanzi, ama-microorganism ahlala eduze nendawo avame ukuzuza ekukhanyeni kwelanga, okubalulekile ekukhuleni kwawo. Imfucumfucu yayo ihamba phakathi kolayini lwamanzi ize ifike ezansi, lapho ukukhanya kwelanga ne-oxygen kuyindlala. Lapho, i- amagciwane anaerobic (ezingadingi i-oxygen ukuze ziphile) ziguqula izinto ezivela ebusweni zibe umthombo wezakhamzimba namandla.
Ama-microorganism asengxenyeni engezansi ayazuza kuma-microorganism ebusweni, kuyilapho lezi zamuva zingatholi lutho. Isikhathi ubungqayizivele kungagqanyiswa lapha. Ngokungafani nesivumelwano sokuzimisela, kobu budlelwano elinye iqembu likhubazekile ngenkathi elinye lihlala lingathintekile. Lokhu kunjalo ngesikhunta esithile, njenge i-penicillium, ekhipha ama-antibiotics, evimbela ukwanda kwamagciwane.
Izinhlobo ze-Commensalism
Lapho sitadisha ubudlelwano obusungulwe phakathi kwezidalwa eziphilayo, ukuhlukahluka okukhulu okukhona kusiphoqa ukuthi sehlise i-commensalism ezinhlotsheni ezintathu ezihlukene, ngoba ayikho indlela eyodwa lapho izilwane zizuza ngayo njengokuzwana:
- I-Foresis: igama elithi phoresis lisho ubudlelwano obusungulwe phakathi kwezinhlobo ezimbili lapho esinye sazo sithutha esinye. Ezimweni eziningi, umthuthi awazi nokuthi iphethe enye into ephilayo.
- Ukuqashwa: Ukuqashwa komhlaba kwenzeka lapho uhlobo oluthile luhlala emzimbeni wenye ukuze luphile, ngaphandle kokubangela noma yiluphi uhlobo lokungakhululeki.
- Metabiosis: Lolu hlobo lwe-commensalism luvame kakhulu ezilwaneni. Kwenzeka lapho uhlobo olulodwa ludla udoti wenye, njengobulongwe bayo noma umzimba wayo obolayo, noma njengasesimweni sezinto ezincane ze-anaerobic esixoxe ngazo ekuqaleni.
Izibonelo Zokubusa Kwesizwe
Kunobudlelwano obuningi be-commensalism embusweni wezilwane. Eziningi zazo zenzeka phakathi kwamalungu alo mbuso ngezinto eziphilayo ezivela embusweni wezitshalo. Bheka ezinye izibonelo zobumbano:
1. Ukubusa phakathi kwabavuni nezintuthwane
Ezindaweni ezithile e-Argentina, lapho kutholakala khona lobu budlelwano, isimo sezulu somile kakhulu futhi senza ukuba khona kwe abavuni, izilwane zomphakathi ezingaphansi kwe-oda lama-arachnids. Ama-anthill anikezela ngesimo sezulu esincane esinomswakama esivuna abavuni. Bona hlala ngaphakathi kwezintuthwane ngaphandle kokubangela inzuzo noma ukulimaza izintuthwane.
2. Ubukhomanisi phakathi kwesigcilikisha esikhulu i-El Hierro kanye nenhlwathi enemilenze ephuzi
Amatshwele angadluli alolu hlobo lwe-seagull (umbungu michahellis) baphinde bavuselele okunye kokudla kwabo lapho bezizwa begcwele kakhulu noma bephazanyiswa ezinye izilo zasolwandle ezindala. Ngakho-ke, isibankwa esikhulu (UGallotia simonyi) izinzuzo ezivela bondle izinambuzane eziphinde zavuselelwa yi-seagull encane.
3. Ukubusa phakathi kwezintaka nezinkanyezi ezimnyama
Izinkanyezi (i-sturnus enombala owodwa), ekhona eLeón, enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeSpain, yondla amajikijolo ehlobo. Uma zidla, ziwisa imbewu phansi noma emaqabungeni esihlahla sikamalibhele. Izintaka (i-fringilla coelebs), Izilwane ezinomdlandla, cinga phakathi kwamaqabunga nenhlabathi ukuthola imbewu ilahlwe yizinkanyezi, ngisho nokuzisusa ngokuqondile endle yezinkanyezi.
4. Ukubusa phakathi kwezimpukane kanye nezibungu
Lesi yisibonelo sokufuna ukwazi kakhulu se- phoresis. Emakamelweni okomisa okwenziwa nge-ham, izinkinga kwesinye isikhathi zenzeka ngezibungu, eziluma i-ham futhi ziyenze ingakulungeli ukuthengiswa. Njengoba ama-hams elenga ophahleni, ukuhlasela kwezinambuzane kubonakala kunzima. Kuvele ukuthi lezi zilwane gibela izimpukane abavakashela ama-hams. Lapho zifinyelela ku-ham, izibungu ziyashiya impukane. Izimpukane azizuzi lutho, aziqondi nokuthi ziphethe izibungu.
5. Ubumbano phakathi kwezinyoni nezihlahla
izinyoni ukuthi isidleke ezihlahleni, bathola ukuvikeleka kuyo nendawo yokwakha isidleke sabo. Izihlahla azitholi lutho, noma zilungile noma zimbi.
6. Ukubusa phakathi kwezwe noshaka
Lesi ngesinye sezibonelo ezijwayeleke kakhulu zokwehlukaniswa kwabantu. Kuwo, i-remora, uhlobo oluthile lwenhlanzi, izinamathela emzimbeni koshaka ukuze kusizakale izinsalela zokudla kwayo futhi, nakanjani, ukuze kuthuthwe. Ngale ndlela, akukho monakalo owenzekile kushaka.
7. Ukubusa phakathi kwamabhubesi nezimpisi
Ukubona lolu hlobo lokuzimisela kwenziwa lula nge-movie ethi The Lion King.Okwenzekayo ukuthi izimpisi zisebenzisa ukudla okusele emabhubesini azingelayo. Bayalinda futhi, lapho amabhubesi eqeda ukondla, sekuyisikhathi sokuba nalaba abadla inyama, ngaphandle kokulimaza lokhu ubuhlobo.
Manje njengoba wazi izibonelo zobukhulu besikhathi futhi uqonde incazelo yaso, ngabe ufuna ukwazi kabanzi ngomhlaba wezilwane? Buka ividiyo ukuhlangabezana nezilwane zasendle eziyi-10 ezivela ehlathini lase-Afrika:
Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- Ubukhomanisi - Incazelo, izinhlobo kanye nezibonelo, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu se-Curiosities somhlaba wezilwane.