-Delile
- Ukubaluleka kwesibalo segazi esiphelele ezinjeni
- Esibalweni segazi esenziwa ezinjeni, yimaphi amanani ajwayelekile?
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ezinjeni: inani legazi
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ezinjeni: ama-leukocyte
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ezinjeni: i-biochemistry
- Ukuhlaziywa kwemitholampilo nokuchazwa kwayo
Kwezinye izikhathi, njengalapho inja igula noma inosuku lokuzalwa, kuyadingeka futhi kunconywe ukwenza izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene, phakathi kwazo okukhonjiswa ukubalwa kwegazi. Lena ukuhlolwa kwegazi kusivumela ukuthi sikwazi ukufinyelela emininingwaneni eminingi ngesikhathi esifushane nangendlela yokonga.
Kule ndatshana kaPeritoAnimal sizochaza ukutolika kanjani ukuhlolwa kwegazi lenja. Ngalokhu, sizoba nemingcele ebaluleke kakhulu enenani kulokhu kuhlolwa, kanye nezifo ezingakhombisa ushintsho oluthile.
Ukubaluleka kwesibalo segazi esiphelele ezinjeni
Ukuqoqwa kwegazi lokuhlaziywa yi inqubo ejwayelekile kakhulu futhi ebalulekile kuyo yonke imitholampilo yezilwane. Imvamisa isampuli ithathwa emlenzeni wangaphambili, kepha kokunye igazi lingathathwa emilenzeni yangemuva noma ngisho nasentanyeni.
Imitholampilo eminingi isivele inayo imishini edingekayo yokuhlaziya igazi emtholampilo, ngaleyo ndlela ikwazi ukuthola imiphumela yamapharamitha ayisisekelo emizuzwini embalwa. Eyodwa ukuhlolwa kwegazi lenja kuzovumela ukwelashwa ukuqala ngokushesha. Ezigabeni ezilandelayo, sizobheka izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ezihlaziyiweyo.
Lapho ulwazi oluthe xaxa noma imingcele ethile icacisiwe, njengamavithamini noma ama-hormone e-thyroid, udokotela wezilwane uzothumela isampula ku- ilabhorethri yangaphandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunamakhithi emakethe avumela, kusuka econsini legazi, ukuthola ukuthi kukhona yini izifo ezifana ne-canine parvovirus. Ukubalwa kwegazi lenja kwenziwa futhi ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, uma kungenzeka kube khona enye ingozi ebhekwayo, ikakhulukazi maqondana ne-anesthesia, ezoqedwa yisibindi nezinso.
Esibalweni segazi esenziwa ezinjeni, yimaphi amanani ajwayelekile?
Ekugcineni, ukuze kuhlolwe imiphumela, amanani wereferensi ahlinzekwa ilebhu kufanele acatshangelwe, ngoba kungahle kube nokuhlukahluka okuthile phakathi kwawo. Ezigabeni ezilandelayo, sizochaza ukuthi sikuhumusha kanjani ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwenja.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ezinjeni: inani legazi
Uma sikwazi ukufinyelela ekuhlolweni kwegazi lenja, sizobona ukuthi ukuhlaziywa kuzohlukaniswa ngezigaba ezahlukahlukene. Owokuqala kuzoba yi- ukubalwa kwegazi, lapho singathola khona amaseli abomvu egazi, ama-leukocyte nama-platelets. Ngezansi sizochaza ukubalwa kwegazi le-canine nencazelo yalo:
Ngo- amaseli abomvu egazi anesibopho sokuhambisa umoya-mpilo egazini. Ukuntuleka kwayo kuyinkomba yokuntuleka kwegazi ezinjeni, okungaba okuzivuselelayo noma okungazenzi kabusha. Esimweni sokuqala, umnkantsha uzokhiqiza ama-reticulocyte, angamaseli abomvu angavuthiwe, azama ukukhokhela ukusweleka, njengoba kulahleka amangqamuzana egazi abomvu amaningi kunalawo avuselelekayo. Lolu hlobo lwe-anemia luzoba nesibikezelo esingcono kune-anemia engavuseleli, lapho kushoda khona ngoba akukho mkhiqizo. Inani lala maseli egazi lilinganiswa ngokushesha kwi-hematocrit, futhi uma kwehla i-hematocrit, kuba nkulu ingozi empilweni yesilwane.
Wena amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi noma ama-leukocyte zihlobene nokuzivikela komzimba ezifweni. Ukwanda kwamanani abo kuvame ukukhombisa ukuthi inja ihlushwa ukutheleleka. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma amanani abo ehla, isilwane singacindezelwa ngokuzivikela.
Ukubalwa kwegazi kufaka phakathi i- ukubalwa kweplatelet okungathi, ngamanani aphansi, kungasho izinkinga zokujiya kwegazi nokopha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inombolo ephezulu ithanda ukuvela kwe-thrombi. Esigabeni esilandelayo, sizokunikeza imininingwane ethe xaxa yokuthi ungakuhumusha kanjani ukuhlolwa kwegazi ezinjeni ngokwamaseli amhlophe egazi.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ezinjeni: ama-leukocyte
Egazini sithola izinhlobo ezahlukene ze ama-leukocyte ezophinde inikeze imininingwane yokuthi ukuhumusha kanjani ukuhlolwa kwegazi ezinjeni. Okulandelayo kugqame:
- Ama-neutrophils: ngamaseli egazi azosebenza njengomugqa wokuqala wokuzivikela womzimba. Imvamisa zenziwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane, kepha lapho i-pathogen iyigciwane, inani lalo liyancipha.
- ama-eosinophils: inani labo liyakhuphuka ezimeni zokungezwani komzimba noma ukugcwala kwezifo.
- Ama-lymphocyte: Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-lymphocyte, njenge-B noma i-T lymphocyte. Kwesinye isikhathi zingavela ngobuningi, njengasesimweni se-leukemia, kepha kuvame kakhulu ukuthi amanani azo anciphe, njengoba kwenzeka ezigabeni zokuqala zegciwane izifo.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ezinjeni: i-biochemistry
Lesi sigaba sokuhlolwa kwegazi lenja sifaka phakathi ukubalwa kwezinto ezahlukahlukene njenge-glucose, urea noma, okubaluleke kakhulu, amaprotheni. Ukuchaza ukuthi ukuhumusha kanjani ukuhlolwa kwegazi ezinjeni, manje ake sibheke imingcele ebaluleke kakhulu yamakhemikhali ezosinika imininingwane mayelana ukusebenza kwezitho ezahlukahlukene:
- Amaprotheni: inani lamaprotheni egazini lisinikeza imininingwane ebaluleke kakhulu. Ama-immunoglobulin ne-albumin ayalinganiswa. Amaprotheni aphezulu angasho ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Ukwehla kwayo kukhombisa izimo eziningana ezizotholakala kubhekwa isithombe somtholampilo nakho konke okunye ukuhlaziywa.
- Ishukela: lona ushukela ojikeleza egazini. Izindinganiso eziphakeme zingakhombisa ukuthi inja inesifo sikashukela. I-glucose nayo ingakhuphuka uma isilwane sicindezeleke kakhulu, yize lolu shintsho luvame kakhulu emakati. Ukwehla kwalesi sici kuhlobene nobuthakathaka, ukuquleka noma, kaningi, i-insulinoma.
- I-Creatinine: Amanani aphezulu ahlobene nokwehluleka kwezinso, kokubili okubukhali nokungapheli.
- I-Urea: lokhu kungumkhiqizo odoti wokucekelwa phansi kwamaprotheni futhi kususwa ngezinso. Kungenye yamagugu anyukayo lapho umzimba uhlushwa ukuphazamiseka kwezinso, okungaba nezimbangela ezihlukile.
- I-ALT ne-AST: lawa ama-transaminase, amapharamitha azosinika imininingwane yokuthi isibindi sisebenza kanjani. Ukuphakama kwalo kukhombisa ukuthi kunenkinga yesibindi.
- I-Bilirubin: enye ipharamitha ehlobene nesibindi. Kungumkhiqizo odoti odalwa ukuwohloka kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi. Uma ungakhishwanga kahle, umsebenzi ohambelana nesibindi, uyanqwabelana emzimbeni, ngakho-ke ukuphakama kwawo kusho izinkinga zesibindi, kepha futhi kungabangelwa yi-hemolytic anemia lapho amangqamuzana abomvu egazi abhujiswa khona ngokushesha okukhulu kunokujwayelekile.
Ukuhlaziywa kwemitholampilo nokuchazwa kwayo
Ngaphandle kwayo yonke imininingwane enikezwe ukuhlolwa kwegazi enjeni, ukwazi ukuthi ungayihumusha kanjani imiphumela yayo kuyadingeka nokugcina i- isimo somtholampilo, okungukuthi, kwizimpawu ezethulwe yisilwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuguqulwa kwepharamitha eyodwa akusho ukuthi kukhombisa ukugula kuzo zonke izimo.
Ukuhlolwa, ngakho-ke, kufanele ihunyushwe yonke futhi ucabangele izimo zenja ethile, njengobudala bayo noma umlando wayo wezokwelapha. Kufanele wazi futhi ukuthi sichazile imingcele eyisisekelo, kepha udokotela wezilwane, ukuze afinyelele ekuhlonzweni okunembe kakhulu, angacela ukuhlaziywa kwelabhoratri kwezinto ezifana ne-calcium, engabonakala iphakeme ngenxa yokuba khona kwezimila; i-phosphorus, eguqulelwa ekuhlulekeni kwezinso, i-fructosamine, esebenzela ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwe-hyperglycemia (isifo sikashukela) noma ama-hormone e-thyroid, okuzosazisa ukuthi ikhona yini i-hypo noma i-hyperthyroidism.
Ukubheka igazi ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu nakho kunganikeza imininingwane ethokozisayo, ukwazi ukuhumusha usayizi, ukuma noma inani lamaseli. Okokugcina, yize inani amanani avamile abonakala ephakanyisiwe noma anciphile lisitshela ubukhulu bomonakalo, wona akusho ukubikezela okungcono noma okubi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kuzohlala kungudokotela wezilwane, enaka yonke imininingwane etholakalayo, ozofika ekuxilongweni nasekwelashweni. Uma lokhu sekutholakele, izivivinyo zokuhlaziya zizophindaphindwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukugcina ukulawula.
Manje njengoba usukwazi ukuhumusha ukuhlolwa kwegazi lenja futhi usuzibonile ngokuningiliziwe izingxenye ezifana nokubalwa kwegazi le-canine, ungahle ube nentshisekelo kundatshana yethu ekhuluma ngenja ehlanza igazi: izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa.
Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- Ukuhumusha kanjani ukuhlolwa kwegazi lenja, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu Sokunakekelwa Okuyisisekelo.