Izibankwa Eziyingozi - Izinhlobo Nezithombe

Umlobi: John Stephens
Usuku Lokudalwa: 23 Ujanuwari 2021
Ukuvuselela Usuku: 20 Unovemba 2024
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Izibankwa yiqembu lezilwane ezinayo izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-5 000 ezihlonziwe emhlabeni wonke. Zithathwa njengeziphumelelayo ngokwahluka kwazo, kepha futhi zikwazile ukungena cishe kuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo emhlabeni jikelele. Iqembu elinokuhlukahluka kwangaphakathi maqondana ne-morphology, ukukhiqiza kabusha, ukondla nokuziphatha.

Izinhlobo eziningi zitholakala ezindaweni zasendle, kanti ezinye zihlala ezindaweni ezisemadolobheni noma eduze kwazo futhi, ngenxa yokuthi zisondele kubantu, kuvame ukukhathazeka ngokuthi yiziphi. izibankwa eziyingozi zingaba uhlobo oluthile losongo kubantu.

Isikhathi esithile bekucatshangwa ukuthi izinhlobo zezibankwa ezazinobuthi zazilinganiselwe kakhulu, kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lwakamuva lukhombise izinhlobo eziningi kakhulu kunalokho okukholelwa ukuthi ekuqaleni zazikwazi ukukhiqiza amakhemikhali anobuthi. Yize iningi lingahlonyisiwe ngezakhiwo zamazinyo ukufaka umuthi ngqo ubuthi, ingangena egazini lesisulu kanye namathe lapho amazinyo eselunyiwe.


Ngakho-ke, kule ndatshana kaPeritoIzilwane esizoxoxa ngazo izibankwa ezinobuthi - izinhlobo nezithombe, ngakho-ke uyazi ukuthi ungazikhomba kanjani. Njengoba uzobona, izibankwa eziningi ezinobuthi zingaphansi kohlobo lweHeloderma neVaranus.

isibankwa sobuhlalu

Isibankwa sobuhlalu (I-Heloderma horridum) uhlobo lwesibankwa lokho isongelwa ngezingcindezi ezitholwa ngabantu bazo ngokuzingela ngokungakhethi, ngenxa yobunjalo bayo, kodwa futhi ukuhweba ngokungemthetho, njengoba zombili izakhiwo zokwelapha ne-aphrodisiac kuthiwa zenziwa kuyo futhi, ezimweni eziningi, kunabantu abagcina lesi sibankwa njengesilwane esifuywayo.

Ibonakala ngokulinganisa cishe u-40 cm, ukuba namandla, nenhloko enkulu nomzimba, kepha ngomsila omfushane. Umbala uyehluka emzimbeni, ube nsundu ngokukhanyayo ube mnyama ngokuhlanganiswa phakathi komnyama nokuphuzi. Itholakele ikakhulukazi eMexico, ngasogwini lwasePacific.


IGila Monster

i-Gila Monster noma Umsolwa weHeloderma ihlala ezindaweni ezomile zasenyakatho yeMexico naseningizimu ye-United States. Silingana cishe ngama-60 cm, sinomzimba osindayo kakhulu, okhawula ukuhamba kwawo, ngakho-ke sithambekele ekuhambeni kancane. Imilenze yayo imifushane, yize inakho uzipho oluqinile. Umbala wayo ungafaka amabala abomvana, aphuzi, noma amhlophe esikalini esimnyama noma esinsundu.

Kuyisilwane esidla inyama, esidla amagundane, izinyoni ezincane, izinambuzane, amaxoxo namaqanda, phakathi kokunye. Kuyinto yezinhlobo ezivikelwe, njengoba kutholakala naku isimo sokuba sengozini.

Isigcilikisha sobuhlalu saseGuatemala

I-Lizard yobuhlalu be-Guatemalan (UHeloderma charlesbogerti) é owokuzalwa e-guatemala, abahlala emahlathini omile. Abantu bakhona bathinteka kakhulu ekucekelweni phansi kwemvelo kanye nokuhweba ngokungemthetho kwalezi zinhlobo, okwenza kube khona ingozi ebucayi yokuqothulwa.


Idla kakhulu amaqanda nezinambuzane, inemikhuba ye-arboreal. Umbala womzimba walokhu isibankwa esinobuthi kumnyama futhi kunamabala aphuzi angajwayelekile.

I-Komodo dragon

Isabekayo iKomodo Dragon (Varanus komodoensis) é I-Indonesia ivame kakhulu futhi ingalinganisa amamitha ama-3 ubude futhi ibe nesisindo esingaba ngama-70 kg. Isikhathi eside bekucatshangwa ukuthi lesi, esinye sezibankwa ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, besingenabo ubuthi, kepha ngenxa yenhlanganisela yamagciwane egciwane ahlala ematheni ayo, lapho iluma isisulu sayo, yamithisa isilonda ngamathe agcina ephelile kubangela i-sepsis ekudleni. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi ziyakwazi ukukhiqiza ushevu, kubangela imiphumela ebalulekile kuzisulu.

Lezi zibankwa ezinobuthi abazingeli bezilwane eziphilayo abaphilayo, noma bengadla futhi ngezidumbu. Lapho sezilume inyamazane, zilinda imiphumela yobuthi ukuthi isebenze futhi isisulu siwa, bese ziqala ukudwengula nokudla.

IKomodo Dragon ifakiwe kuhlu olubomvu lwe uhlobo lwemvelo olusengozini yokushabalala, ngakho-ke, kwasungulwa amasu okuvikela.

USavannah Varano

Esinye sezibankwa ezinobuthi yiVarano-das-savanna (I-Varanus exanthematicus) noma iVarano-Terrestrial-Afrika. Inomzimba ojiyile, kanjalo nesikhumba sayo, lapho kuthiwa ukungatheleleki kokulunywa ezinye izilwane ezinobuthi. uyakwazi ukukala kuze kufike ku-1.5 metres futhi ikhanda layo libanzi, linentamo nomsila omncane.

uvela e-Afrika, nokho, yethulwa eMexico nase-United States. Idla kakhulu izicabucabu, izinambuzane, ofezela, kodwa futhi nezilwanyana ezinomgogodla ezincane.

IGoanna

IGoanna (varanus varius) luhlobo lwe-arboreal I-Australia ivame kakhulu. Ihlala emahlathini aminyene, lapho ingahamba khona izandiso ezinkulu. Inkulu, ilinganiselwa ngaphezu kwamamitha amabili nje kuphela futhi isisindo sayo cishe siyi-20 kg.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lezi zibankwa ezinobuthi zinjalo izidlo ezidla inyama nezidlakela. Ngokuqondene nombala wayo, iphakathi kokumpunga okumnyama nokumnyama, futhi ingahle ibe namabala amnyama nokhilimu emzimbeni wayo.

IMitchell-Water Monitor

Ukuqapha kweMitchell-Water (varanus mitchelli) hlala e-australia, ikakhulukazi emaxhaphozini, emifuleni, emachibini nase- imizimba yamanzi ngokuvamile. Futhi inekhono lokuba yi-arboreal, kepha njalo ezihlahleni ezihlotshaniswa nemizimba yamanzi.

Lesi esinye isibankwa esinesihlungu esivela e-Australia sine- ukudla okuhlukahlukene, okubandakanya izilwane zasemanzini noma zasemhlabeni, izinyoni, izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane, amaqanda, izinambuzane ezingenamgogodla nezinhlanzi.

Ukuqapha-Argus

Phakathi kwezibankwa ezinobuthi kakhulu ezikhona, i-monitor-Argus nayo ivelele (I-Varanus panoptes). Kutholakala kufayela le- I-Australia neNew Guinea kanti abesifazane bafinyelela ku-90 cm, kanti abesilisa bangafinyelela ku-140 cm.

Zisatshalaliswa ngezinhlobo eziningana zezindawo zokuhlala zasemhlabeni futhi zisondele nasemizimbeni yamanzi, futhi zikhona abembi abahle kakhulu. Ukudla kwabo kuhluka kakhulu futhi kufaka ama-vertebrate amancane amancane nezingenamgogodla.

Isibankwa esinomsila onameva

I-Lizard ye-Thorny-tailed (I-Varanus acanthurusukweleta igama layo ekubeni khona kwe- izakhiwo ezinomsila ngomsila wazo, alisebenzisa ekuvikeleni kwakhe. Incane ngosayizi futhi ihlala ezindaweni ezinesomiso futhi iyi-digger enhle.

Umbala wayo ngu ngokubomvu ngokubomvu, lapho kukhona izindawo eziphuzi. Ukudla kwalesi sibankwa esinesihlungu kusekelwe ezinambuzaneni nasezilwaneni ezincelisayo ezincane.

Isibankwa esingaqapheli (Lanthanotus borneensis)

Isigcilikisha esingenandlebe (Lanthanotus borneensis) é kugcwele kwezinye izindawo zase-Asia, ehlala emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo, eduze nemifula noma imizimba yamanzi. Yize bengenazo izakhiwo ezithile zangaphandle zokuzwa, bayakwazi ukuzwa ngaphezu kokukwazi ukukhipha imisindo ethile. Zifinyelela ku-40 cm, zinemikhuba yasebusuku futhi zidla inyama, zidla ama-crustaceans, izinhlanzi kanye nemisundu.

Kwakungaziwa njalo ukuthi lolu hlobo lwesibankwa lwalunobuthi, kodwa-ke, muva nje kusenokwenzeka ukukhomba izindlala ezikhiqiza izinto ezinobuthi, ezine umphumela we-anticoagulant, yize ingenamandla njengaleyo yezinye izibankwa. Ukulunywa kwalolu hlobo azibulali kubantu.

Ubuthi bezibankwa zohlobo lweHeloderma

Ukulunywa kwalezi zibankwa ezinobuthi kubuhlungu impela futhi lapho kubangelwa kubantu abaphilile, bangalulama. Kodwa-ke, kwesinye isikhathi kungaba yingozi, njengoba zibangela izimpawu ezibalulekile kulowo ohlukunyeziwe, njenge i-asphyxia, ukukhubazeka kanye ne-hypothermia, ngakho-ke, amacala kufanele abhekane ngokushesha. Lezi zibankwa zohlobo lweHeloderma azibutholi ngqo ubuthi, kepha lapho zidwengula isikhumba sesisulu, zikhipha umuthi onobuthi ezingxenyeni ezikhethekile bese ugelezela enxebeni, ungene emzimbeni wesilwane.

Lo shevu uyi-cocktail yamakhemikhali amaningana, njenge-enzyme (i-hyaluronidase ne-phospholipase A2), ama-hormone namaprotheni (i-serotonin, i-helothermin, i-gilatoxin, i-helodermatin, i-exenatide ne-gilatide, phakathi kwabanye).

Ezinye zalezi zinhlanganisela eziqukethwe ubuthi balezi zilwane zafundwa, njengoba kunjalo nge-gilatide (eqhelelene nesilo saseGila) kanye ne-exenatide, okubonakala Izinzuzo ezimangazayo ezifweni ezinjenge-Alzheimer's kanye nohlobo 2 sikashukela, ngokulandelana.

Ubuthi bezilonda ze-Varanus

Isikhathi esithile bekucatshangwa ukuthi yizibankwa kuphela eziwuhlobo lweHeloderma ezinobuthi, kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lwakamuva lukhombisa ukuthi ubuthi bukhona futhi kuhlobo lwe-Varanus. Lezi zinezindlala ezinobuthi emhlathini ngamunye, ogeleza ngemigudu ekhethekile phakathi kwamazinyo ngamabili.

Ubuthi obukhiqizwa yilezi zilwane a i-enzyme cocktail, efanayo naleyo yezinyoka ezithile futhi, njengeqembu le-Heloderma, azikwazi ukugoma isisulu ngqo, kepha lapho ziluma, into enobuthi ingena egazini kanye namathe, kubangela izinkinga ze-coagulation, ukudala ama-effusions, ngaphezu kwe-hypotension nokwethuka okugcina ngokuwa komuntu ohlaselwe ukulunywa. Izigaba zobuthi obukhonjiswe ebuthi balezi zilwane zine-protein cysteine, i-kallikrein, i-natriuretic peptide ne-phospholipase A2.

Umehluko ocacile phakathi kohlobo lweHeloderma neVaranus ngukuthi ngaphambili ubuthi buthuthwa nge-canaliculi yamazinyo, kanti ekugcineni into leyo ikhishwa emthonjeni izindawo zokungenelela.

Ezinye izingozi zabantu abanalezi zibankwa ezinobuthi ziphela ngendlela ebulalayo, njengoba izisulu zigcina sezivuza igazi zize zife. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, noma ngubani owelashwa ngokushesha uyasindiswa.

Izibankwa zibhekwa njengobuthi ngokungafanele

Ngokuvamile, ezifundeni eziningana, ezinye izinganekwane zenziwa ngalezi zilwane, ikakhulukazi maqondana nobungozi bazo, njengoba zithathwa njengezinobuthi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kufakazela ukuthi kuyinkolelo yamanga evame ukugcina ilimaze iqembu labantu ngenxa yokuzingela ngokungakhethi, ikakhulukazi ngama-wall geckos. Ake sibheke ezinye izibonelo ze- izibankwa okungukuthi kubhekwe ngokungafanele njengobuthi:

  • Isibankwa seCaiman, isibankwa senyoka noma isibankwa sofezela (UGerrhonotus liocephalus).
  • Isibankwa sentaba (IBarisia imbricata).
  • amadragoni amancane (I-Taronian abronia y i-abronia enotshani).
  • Unembeza Wamanga (I-Phrynosoma orbicularis).
  • Isihlahla se-oki esikhumba isikhumba esisheleleI-Plestiodon lynxe).

Isici esivamile sezinhlobo zezibankwa ezinobuthi ukuthi iningi likwezinye isimo sokuba sengozini, okungukuthi, basengozini yokuqothulwa. Iqiniso lokuthi isilwane siyingozi akusiniki ilungelo lokusiqothula, noma ngabe kunayiphi imiphumela ezinhlotsheni zaso. Ngalo mqondo, zonke izinhlobo zokuphila emhlabeni kufanele zihlonishwe futhi zihlonishwe ngobukhulu bazo.

Manje njengoba usazi ngezilonda ezinobuthi, hlola le vidiyo elandelayo lapho sikutshela khona kabanzi ngeKomodo Dragon ekhangayo:

Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- Izibankwa Eziyingozi - Izinhlobo Nezithombe, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu se-Curiosities somhlaba wezilwane.