-Delile
- Izidingo zokudla okunomsoco kwamakati
- Amaprotheni
ama-amino acid abalulekile- Amafutha
- Amafutha acid
Ama-carbohydrate
Amavithamini
Amaminerali- adlani amazinyane
- Okudliwa amakati akhulelwe nancelisayo
- ukondla ikati elidala
- Okuphakelayo kwamakati angenayo i-neutered
- Yiliphi ikati elingadla?
- okudliwa amakati alahlekile namakati asendle
Ikati ligcina ukudla okunomsoco lapho imithombo yalo yokudla ilinikeza zonke izakhi ezidingekayo ngezilinganiso ezifanele, ngokusho kwalo isimo somzimba, ukuvivinya umzimba nobudala. Ngenkathi amakati anikezwa ubisi ezinsukwini zawo zokuqala, lapho eqala ukulumula imizimba yawo iba nezinguquko eziwavumela ukuthi agaye ukudla. Kuze kube unyaka owodwa ubudala, indlela odla ngayo kufanele ibe namandla amaningi namaprotheni kunabantu abadala.
Ngokuya ngesimo sakho se-metabolic, umsebenzi nezimo ezingazodwana, uzodla ngandlela thile. uma sinayo eyodwa ikati elikhulelwe, ukudla kwakhe kufanele kube ngaphezulu kunangesikhathi engakhulelwe, njengoba edinga izinqolobane ukuqinisekisa ukukhula kahle kwemidlwane. Lapho i-feline yethu ikhula, ukudla kwayo kufanele kuhambisane nesimo sayo, ngakho-ke sizokhetha okuphakelayo okufanele amakati amadala. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma enezinye izifo, kufanele futhi athole uhlobo oluthile lokuphakelayo ngokwesimo.
Kule ndatshana kaPeritoAnimal, sizophendula lo mbuzo: yini adla amakati? - umhlahlandlela wokudla kuye ngeminyaka yakho nesimo sakho. Ukufunda okuhle.
Izidingo zokudla okunomsoco kwamakati
Izidingo zokudla kwekati kuzoya ngomsebenzi wayo womzimba, isimo sokuzala, izimo zezemvelo lapho zitholakala khona, ubudala, impilo kanye nokwakheka komzimba. Yazi ukuthi ukondla ikati elikhulelwe, ikati, ikati elidala elinesifo sezinso, ikati elingathathi hlangothi elingaphumi endlini, noma ikati lonke elichitha usuku luhlola ngaphandle lihlukile. Amakati awafani nezinja ngakho-ke akufanele ondliwe njengama-omnivores. Amandla aqukethe ukudla aboniswa kuma-kilocalories (Kcal) futhi atholakala kwisamba samaprotheni, amafutha nama-carbohydrate.
O ikati liyi-carnivore eqinile futhi inezidingo eziphakeme zamaprotheni (okungenani ama-25% wokudla okuphelele), kanye ne-taurine, i-arginine, i-arachidonic acid ne-vitamin A, etholakala ngokungeniswa kwezicubu zezilwane. Ngakho-ke, izidingo zokudla okunomsoco kwamakati zihlukaniswe zaba:
Amaprotheni
Isondlo esibaluleke kunazo zonke, ngakho-ke uma sizibuza ukuthi amakati adlani kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi amaprotheni kumele kube yiwo isithako esiyinhloko. Uma sikhuluma ngokudla okomile, kubalulekile ukuthi kuqukethe okungenani ama-protein angama-25%, cishe azungeze ama-40%. Iphesenti lamaprotheni lihlobene kakhulu nekhwalithi yokudla. Kodwa-ke, uma isilwane sithokozela i- ukudla kwemvelo enziwe ekhaya noma ngemikhiqizo enikezela ngokudla okubandayo noma okupakishwe ngomshini, amaphesenti amaprotheni kufanele abe khona 90-95%, ne-10-5% esele yezithelo nemifino. Lokhu kudla kokugcina kungakhethwa, ikakhulukazi uma ikati linethuba lokudla i-offal.
ama-amino acid abalulekile
Ama-amino acid amabili abalulekile ekudleni kwe-feline kukhona i-arginine ne-taurine. I-Arginine iyadingeka ukuhlanganisa i-urea nokuqeda i-ammonia, njengoba ukushoda kwayo kubangela ubuthi be-ammonia (hyperammonemia), engabulala amakati emahoreni ambalwa. I-Taurine, yize ukuntuleka kwayo kuthatha izinyanga ukulimaza umzimba we-feline, kungaba nesibopho sokuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo (i-cardiomyopathy iyancipha ngokuhluleka kwenhliziyo), ukonakala kokuzala noma kwe-retinal okungaholela ekuphuphuthekisweni okungalungiseki. Kokubili ama-amino acid atholakala enyameni.
Amafutha
Okungenani u-9% wamakhalori ekati lomuntu omdala kufanele aqhamuke emafutheni, akhona enyameni, ngakho-ke iphesenti lamafutha ekudleni kwakho lizungeze u-15-20%, ikakhulukazi ekudleni okwenziwe ekhaya.
Amafutha acid
Lezi zilwane zidinga ukunikezwa kwamafutha acid njenge omega 3 no-6, ibalulekile esikhunjeni, ejazini, engqondweni, emasosheni nasemasosheni omzimba. Futhi, ziphikisana nokuvuvukala. Lezi zakhi zomzimba zisetshenziselwa ukuthola amandla, ukufudumeza okushisayo, ukuvikelwa kwezitho zangaphakathi kanye nokuthuthwa kwamavithamini ancibilika ngamafutha (A, D, E). I-Omega 3 ingatholakala ezinhlanzini nasezimbolofini, kepha, ngokungafani nezinye izilwane, azikwazi ukuhlanganisa okunamafutha acid adingekayo nge-linoleic acid (omega 6), ngakho-ke adinga ukunikezwa okwengeziwe kwe-asidi. it futhi itholakala ezicutshini zezilwane, futhi futhi siyakubona ukubaluleka kokuthi inyama idlala ekudleni kwamakati yingakho ikati lingumuntu odla inyama. Ukushoda kwenyama emakati kubanga ukwehluleka kokuvala igazi, i-alopecia, ushintsho esikhunjeni nasekukhiqizeni kabusha.
Ama-carbohydrate
Ngokuphathelene nama-carbohydrate, izifundo zakamuva zifakazele ukuthi amakati angagcinwa ekudleni okuphansi kakhulu kwe-carbohydrate ngoba ngokusebenzisa amaprotheni catabolization angakunikeza izidingo zakho ze-glucose. Okuvame ukuvela ekudleni kwekati elomile yi-cornstarch, njengoba kugaya kakhulu kulolu hlobo. Kodwa-ke, ama-carbohydrate akuyona ingxenye yezakhi ezibalulekile zamakati, njengoba lezi zilwane zinobunzima ekuzicubunguleni. Ezidlweni zasekhaya, okusanhlamvu akufakwa.
Amavithamini
Amakati adinga amavithamini njengoba ebalulekile emisebenzini eminingi ebalulekile. Ama-antioxidants (amavithamini C, E, ne-beta-carotene), ngokwesibonelo, ayadingeka ukuqeda ama-radicals amahhala abangela ukulimala kwamaseli futhi ahileleke ekugugeni. Ngokuqondile, i- uvithamini A Kubaluleke kakhulu embonweni wamakati ethu, ukulawulwa kwezingqamuzana zamangqamuzana abo kanye nokukhula okulungile kwamazinyo namathambo abo, ngaphezu kwalokho, kungatholwa kuphela kwizicubu zezilwane, izinso nesibindi kube yimithombo engcono kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, inani eliphakeme levithamini A lingadala i-hypervitaminosis A nge-lethargy, ukungabi nentuthuko nezinkinga zamathambo. Amanye amavithamini, anjenge-B complex yamakati, amavithamini D no-E anezelwa ekudleni kwamakati ethu. Bona ngokwabo bahlanganisa uvithamini C.
Amaminerali
Ukudla okuhle kwamakati nakho kuvame ukulekelelwa ngamaminerali adingekayo njenge-calcium, i-phosphorus, i-magnesium noma umkhondo wezinto ezifana nethusi, i-manganese, i-iron, i-zinc ne-selenium. Ekudleni okwenziwe ekhaya, ukudla sekuvele kunikeza amavithamini namaminerali adingekayo, inqobo nje uma kuhlelwe kahle futhi kulinganisiwe.
adlani amazinyane
Amantombazane asanda kuzalwa azothola ama-antibody kunina ngokusebenzisa i- ikholomu ngesikhathi sokuphila samahora ayi-16 okuthe, ngemuva kwalokho, izakhamzimba nge ubisi lwebele. Uma ikati liyilahla imfucumfucu noma uma elinye ikati lalo libuthakathaka noma ligula noma lingakhiqizi ubisi, kufanele bondliwe ubisi olungumgogodla lwamakati asanda kuzalwa, njengalapho sithola amazinyane ezintandane emgwaqweni.
Phakathi nesonto lokuqala lokuphila kwamazinyane amazinyane, baphuza ubisi oluphakathi kuka-10 no-20 ml ngesidlo ngasinye futhi ukuze bathole igremu elilodwa lesisindo kufanele badle amagremu angu-2.7 obisi. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ubisi lwebhodlela lamakati ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ubisi lwenkomo olujwayelekile, njengoba lunamaphesenti amancane ephrotheni, amafutha, i-calcium ne-phosphorus. Ubisi lwenkomo lunamaprotheni angama-27%, kanti ubisi olwakhiwe lunama-40%.
Izidingo zamandla amantshontsho enyuka zisuka ku-130 kcal / kg nsuku zonke emavikini ama-3, ziye ku-200-220 kcal / kg nsuku zonke zihlukaniswe zaba okuphakelayo okungu-4-5 ngenyanga, kuze kufike kokufika kuma-250 kcal / kg nsuku zonke ezinyangeni ezinhlanu ubudala, kunciphe kamuva kuze kufike ku-100 kcal / kg nsuku zonke ezinyangeni eziyi-10.
O ukulunyulwa kwemvelo Amakati ngokuvamile aqala cishe amasonto amane. Kusukela lapho, ikati lingadlani? Kuleli qophelo, singakhuthaza ukwethulwa kokudla okuqinile ngokuxuba ukudla kwekati lekati namanzi noma ubisi, sinciphise kancane uketshezi kuze kube ukudla kwekati okomile nje. Lapha, amandla abo okugaya i-lactose ayancipha futhi ama-amylase ayanda ukugaya isitashi esikhona ekudleni kwekati.
Cishe amasonto ayisithupha, lapho bedla ama-gramu angama-20 ento eyomile ngosuku, kufinyelelwa ukulunyulwa okuphelele, kudinga i-kcal engaphezu kwekati elidala, njengoba kudinga amandla aphindwe kathathu. Endabeni yokunikeza ukudla okwenziwe ekhaya, ukudla nakho kufanele kwethulwe kancane kancane kuze kube yilapho umama eyala ngokuphelele imidlwane.
Kubalulekile ukuhlonipha isigqi semvelo sokwehlukana, njengoba kunjalo kunina kanye nezingane zakwabo lapho ikati liqala ukuthola izifundo zalo zokuqala futhi liqala isikhathi sokuhlangana.
Okudliwa amakati akhulelwe nancelisayo
Ukukhulelwa kwekati kuthatha amasonto afinyelela kwangu-9 kuya ku-10 futhi amandla akhe adinga ukukhuphuka njalo ngesonto, futhi ekugcineni kokukhulelwa kukhona ukwanda kwe-Izidingo zamandla ezingama-25% ukugcinwa, cishe i-100 kcal ME / kg ngosuku. Futhi, kubalulekile ukuthi usebenzise amafutha amaningi ukwakha izinqolobane ozozidinga phakathi namasonto okugcina wokukhulelwa, njengoba inzuzo yesisindo izokuya emantwaneni, nangesikhathi sokuncelisa.
Ngokwesilinganiso, ikati elikhulelwe lithola isisindo esingama-40%, kepha lehla ngama-20% ngemuva kokubeletha, kanti isisindo esisele sizohamba ngesikhathi sokuncelisa noma singancipha kakhulu kunakuqala, njengoba ukondla kwayo ngesikhathi sokuncelisa kuzobamba phakathi kuka-80 -85% izidingo zakhe, okunye kuhlinzekwa yikati uqobo lwayo.
Ngokuya ngosayizi kadoti, izidingo zamandla zingakhuphuka ziye ezingeni elikhulu noma elincane. Njengoba zizohlala zikhudlwana kunezidingo zesondlo, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye ne-lactation inketho enhle ukunikeza ikati elikhulelwe a okuphakelayo okwenzelwe imidlwane, ngenani eliphezulu lamandla elinalo. Ngemuva kokuthi inqubo yokwelusa isiqediwe, uma ikati lisesisindo sayo futhi linamandla, lizobuyela ekudleni okufanele ngokudla kwalo kwekati elikhulile. Ake sibheke ngezansi ukuthi yikuphi ukudla kwamakati abantu abadala nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zokudla ezikhona.
ukondla ikati elidala
Adlani amakati? Izidingo zamandla kumakati amadala ziyahlukahluka kakhulu. Ikati elifuywayo elinomsebenzi omncane lanele nge-60 kcal ME / kg / ngosuku, uma lingathathi hlangothi, ikakhulukazi elizolile noma elidala, isibalo singahle siye ku-45 kcal / kg / ngosuku, kanti uma sisebenza sikhuphukela ku-70-90 Kcal / kg / ngosuku. Iminyaka nayo kufanele icatshangelwe, njengoba abasebasha besebenzisa amandla amaningi futhi izidingo zabo zikhulu kunamakati amadala.
Okuphakelayo kwamakati angenayo i-neutered
Wena amakati neutered banezifiso eziningi, kepha izidingo zabo zamandla ziphansi. Ngakho-ke, uma ukuguqulwa kokudla okunempilo kungenziwa, unyaka owodwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa amakati ethu azobe ekhuluphele ngokweqile ngama-30%, njengoba amandla amaningi aphethwe aqoqana ngohlobo lwamafutha emzimbeni wawo, ngakho-ke amakati amaningi angenawo amandla akhuluphele.
Kula makati, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kufanele kwehliswe ngo-14-40% futhi kuhlinzekwe cishe ngama-50 / kcal / kg / ngosuku, ngaphezu kwalokho kunconywa ukuthi ube nesabelo esithile samakati angenayo i-neutered noma ulandele ukudla okwenziwe ekhaya okunikezwe ngudokotela wezilwane okhethekile ekudleni.
Lapho amakati engena ukukhula, ingahlala ihlushwa izifo ezifana nokuhluleka kwezinso, isifo sikashukela noma i-hyperthyroidism, edinga umsoco ngokwesimo sazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokwanda kwama-radicals amahhala abangela ukuguga, ukudla okunothe ngamavithamini C no-E, esishilo ngama-antioxidants, kunganikezwa. Umthamo wamandla ekudleni akumele ukhuphuke ngenxa yomsebenzi wawo ophansi futhi amaprotheni kufanele akhuliswe futhi ne-phosphorus yehle. Kufanele futhi ugweme izithako ezenza umchamo ube yi-asidi ukuvimbela isifo sezinso.
Yiliphi ikati elingadla?
Njengoba sesibonile ukuthi yimaphi amakati adlayo nezidingo zawo zokudla okunempilo, yikuphi ukudla esingabanika kona? Ukudla kwamakati kungasuselwa ezinhlotsheni ezintathu:
- ukudla okumanzi
- okuphakelayo okomile
- Ukudla okuzenzele
Uma ungenalo ulwazi olufanele noma ungangabazi uma kukhulunywa ngokulinganisa izakhamzimba, indlela engcono yokondla ikati ukudla okumanzi nokomile, kushintshaniswa zombili izinketho futhi kucatshangelwa ukuthi kufanele kube ngekhwalithi. Njengoba sesishilo, inyama kufanele ibe isithako esiyinhloko, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukufunda amatafula okunomsoco futhi uhlole umkhiqizo ngaphambi kokuwuthenga. Kulesi esinye isihloko, sizokusiza ukhethe ukuthi ulibeka kanjani inani lakho lokudla kwekati nsuku zonke.
Amakati yizilwane ezikhetha ukwenza ukudla okulula okuningana emini esikhundleni sobuningi. Ngakho-ke, bakhetha ukuba nomthamo wabo wansuku zonke wokudla uhlale utholakala futhi bahlukanise umthamo wabo wokudla okumanzi kube izingxenye eziningana. Baphinde bathande amanzi ahlanzekile, ahambayo, amakati amaningi akhetha amanzi okuphuza empompini noma emthonjeni kunasemthonjeni wabo wokuphuza.
THE ukudla okwenziwe ekhaya, futhi, kunezinzuzo eziningi maqondana nokudla kwasezimbonini, njengokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ukhethe imikhiqizo nokuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola umnikelo owudingayo kwisakhi ngasinye, ikakhulukazi inyama. Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhumbula ukuthi kumele bathole nezinye izakhi zomzimba osekushiwo, ngakho-ke kuzodingeka ukufaka ezinye izithako ngenhloso yokuzinikeza.
Ngokunjalo, kungcono ukugwema ukudla okuluhlaza ngaphandle kokuthi kufriziwe futhi kwancibilika kusengaphambili, ngoba kungahle kube nezimuncagazi noma amagciwane amancane angenza ikati lakho ligule. Kulokhu, kunconywa ukwahlukanisa ukudla cishe izikhathi ezine nsuku zonke. Futhi, sigcizelela ukubaluleka kokuthola ulwazi nokubonana nodokotela wezilwane onguchwepheshe bokudla ukuze bakwazi ukunquma ukudla okwenziwe ekhaya ngokuya ngezidingo ezithile zekati okukhulunywa ngalo.
Lapha sinokukhetha izindatshana eziningana ngokudla amakati angakudla kanye nokudla amakati angakudli okungaba nentshisekelo kuwe:
- Ingabe ikati lingakudla ukudla kwenja?
- Ukudla komuntu okungadliwa yikati
- Ingabe amakati angaphuza ubisi?
- Ingabe ikati lingalidla iqanda?
- Ingabe ikati lingadla ushokoledi?
- Ukudla kwemvelo kwamakati
- Ukudla okungavunyelwe kwamakati
Kule vidiyo engezansi sichaza ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi kungani amakati ethanda ukuphuza amanzi ompompi:
okudliwa amakati alahlekile namakati asendle
Wena amakati asendle udle ngokwemvelo noma yisiphi isisulu lapho zikwazi ukufinyelela khona, noma ngabe ziyizibankwa, amagundane, izinyoni noma esinye isilwane esincane. Lezi zidlo zibahlinzeka ngazo zonke izakhi zomzimba esizishilo, ngaphezu kwalokho, banamaphesenti aphezulu wamanzi.
Wena amakati alahlekile yedolobha, kunokuzingela inyamazane okunzima ukuyithola, sesha ifayela le- iziqukathi noma izibi ukufuna ukudla noma ukondla kulokho abantu abanika khona.
Yize abantu abaningi becabanga ukuthi impilo yamakati alahlekile ingcono kunaleyo esekhaya, njengoba ekhululekile ukuzulazula nomaphi lapho ethanda khona, empeleni, amakati azulazula avame ukuhlala ngokuxakeka kakhulu, achayeke kakhulu ezifweni, ezimweni sezulu esingesihle nakwindlala lokudla. Yingakho lamakati babe nokulindela okuphansi nekhwalithi yempilo, imvamisa ayifinyeleli eminyakeni eyi-9, ngenkathi amakati ethu asekhaya, nezidingo zawo zokudla okunomsoco kuhlangatshezwa, izinga lokushisa elanele legumbi nokunakekelwa okufanele kwezilwane, angafinyelela eminyakeni eyi-18-20. Ngakho-ke, ukwazi ukuthi amakati adlani kanye nayo yonke imininingwane ephathelene nokudla kwekati kubaluleke kakhulu.
Futhi siqeda le ndatshana ngale vidiyo engakuthakazelisa ngezinto eziyi-7 abantu abazenza kabi lapho benakekela amakati:
Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- Adlani amakati? - Umhlahlandlela wokudla, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu sokudla okunokulinganisela.