-Delile
- Ingabe akhona amaxoxo anobuthi eBrazil?
- Izinhlobo zamaxoxo anobuthi
- Ixoxo elinobuthi kakhulu emhlabeni
- amasele anobuthi eBrazil
- Gcwalisa uhlu lwamaxoxo anobuthi avela ezilwaneni zaseBrazil
Amaselesele, njengamaxoxo namaxoxo ezihlahla, ayingxenye yomndeni wamaxoxo, iqembu lama-amphibian elihlukaniswa ukungabikho komsila. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-3000 zalezi zilwane emhlabeni jikelele futhi, eBrazil kuphela, kungenzeka ukuthi kutholakale ezingama-600 zazo.
Ingabe akhona amaxoxo anobuthi eBrazil?
Ezilwaneni zaseBrazil singathola izilwane eziningana ezinobuthi nezingozi, kungaba izicabucabu, izinyoka ngisho namaxoxo! Kungenzeka awukaze ucabange ukuthi isilwane esinjalo kungenzeka singabi nabungozi, kepha iqiniso ukuthi singaba yingozi futhi kukhona amaxoxo anobuthi eBrazil!
Izinhlobo zamaxoxo anobuthi
Amaselesele, kanye namaxoxo namaxoxo ezihlahla, ayingxenye ye- umndeni weselesele, iqembu lezilwane eziphila ezweni nasemanzini elihlukaniswa ukungabikho komsila. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-3000 zalezi zilwane emhlabeni jikelele futhi, eBrazil kuphela, kungenzeka ukuthi kutholakale ezingama-600 zazo.
Abantu abaningi banengekile ngalezi zilwane ngenxa yesikhumba sabo esinwebekayo nendlela isilevu sabo esihamba ngayo lapho bekhahlela, kepha kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi zibalulekile ekulinganisweni kwemvelo: ngokudla okususelwa ezinambuzaneni, amaxoxo asiza ukulawula ukweqa kwezimpukane nomiyane.
Okuyinhloko umehluko phakathi kwamasele namaxoxo, njengamaxoxo ezihlahla, ukuthi anesikhumba esomile nesingacwebezeli kakhulu, ngaphezu kokuba isitokisi. Ukufana phakathi kwalezi ezimbili zokugcina kukhulu, noma kunjalo, amaxoxo ezihlahla anamandla okugxuma agibele izihlahla nezitshalo ezinde.
Lawa masele anezilimi ezinamathelayo, ngakho-ke uma ubona isinambuzane sisondela, uvele uveze umzimba wakho bese udedela ulimi lwakho, unamathisele ukudla kwakho uphinde ukubuyisele emuva. Ukukhiqizwa kwawo kwenzeka ngamaqanda afakwa ezindaweni zangaphandle. Amaxoxo ngokuvamile awanabungozi futhi awanabungozi kubantu. Kepha amanye amaqembu, abonakala ngemibala yawo egqamile, sengathi adwetshwe ngesandla, aqukethe ama-alkaloid esikhumba.
Lezi zinto zitholakala ekudleni kwamaxoxo, adla izibungu, izintuthwane nezitshalo esivele zine-alkaloids. Yize inezinto ezinobuthi, ama-alkaloid akhona esikhunjeni samasoba afundelwe i- ukukhiqizwa kwezidakamizwa ekwazi ukwelapha izifo ezahlukahlukene.
Ngaphakathi kwalo mndeni, kunezinhlobo eziningana zamaxoxo anobuthi okufanele uwaqaphele.
Ixoxo elinobuthi kakhulu emhlabeni
Ngamasentimitha angu-2,5 nje, amancane igolide elinobuthi begolide (I-Phyllobates terribilis) akuyona nje i- Ixoxo elinobuthi kakhulu emhlabeni, kanye nokuvela ohlwini lwezilwane zomhlaba eziyingozi kakhulu. Umzimba wayo unethoni ephuzi ecace bha futhi ecwebezelayo, okuthi ngokwemvelo, ibe uphawu olucacile “lwengozi, ungasondeli kakhulu”.
Lolu hlobo lolohlobo lohlobo Ama-Phyllobates, iqondwe umndeni Dendrobatidae, imbeleko yamaxoxo ayingozi esiwabona nxazonke. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi akekho kubo ongafana nexoxo lethu elincane legolide. Ngaphansi kwegremu likashevu wayo kwanele ukubulala indlovu noma umuntu omdala. I-toxin esakazeka esikhunjeni sakho iyakwazi, kusukela ekuthinteni okulula, kwe khubaza isimiso sezinzwa sesisulu, okwenza kube nzima ukudlulisa imizwa yezinzwa nokuhambisa imisipha. Lezi zinto ziholela ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo nasekufakeni imisipha ngezikhathi ezithile.
Imvelaphi yayo ivela eColombia, indawo yayo yemvelo ihlathi elipholile futhi elinomswakama kakhulu, elinamazinga okushisa angaba ngu-25 ° C. Lelixoxo laqanjwa ngokuthi "imicibisholo enobuthi" ngoba amaNdiya asebenzisa ubuthi bawo ukuvala izeluleko zemicibisholo yawo lapho ayophuma ayokuzingela.
Indaba iyethusa kancane, kepha akumele sikhohlwe ukuthi iselesele legolide ngeke lisebenzise ubuthi balo kithi uma sihlangana nalo ehlathini. Ubuthi bukhishwa kuphela ezimweni eziyingozi kakhulu, njengendlela yokuzivikela. Ngamanye amagama: vele ungangcolisi naye, akaphambuki nawe.
amasele anobuthi eBrazil
Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-180 ze- umabhebhana emhlabeni wonke futhi, njengamanje, kuyaziwa ukuthi okungenani Abangu-26 babo eBrazil, igxile kakhulu esifundeni esakhiwa i- Ihlathi lemvula lase-Amazon.
Ochwepheshe abaningana bathi azikho izehlakalo zamasele enhlobo Ama-Phyllobates ezweni. Kodwa-ke, sinama-amphibians avela eqenjini Ama-dendrobates ukuthi, njengoba bengabomndeni owodwa, banezici ezifanayo, njengokuthanda amahlathi apholile, isimo sezulu esinomswakama kanye nezinkundla zomhlaba, kodwa, ngaphezu kwakho konke, kuyadingeka ukuchaza ukuthi Ama-dendrobates zinobuthi njengabanye babazala babo esibathola kwezinye izifunda.
Lolu hlobo luqukethe iqembu elikhethekile lamaxoxo, elaziwa ngokuthi ithiphu yomcibisholo, kwazise zaziphinde zisetshenziswe ngamaNdiya ukumboza izikhali zawo.Izici eziyinhloko zezilwane ezakha leli qembu ukubala okunamandla kwesikhumba sazo, uphawu oluthule lobuthi eziluphethe. Yize ingafani ne- igolide elinobuthi begolide, lawa masele angabulala, uma ubuthi bawo buhlangana nesilonda esikhunjeni somuntu owaphethe, sifinyelele egazini lomuntu. Kodwa-ke, ubuthi babo abungeke bubulale, ngaphandle kokuthi bagwinywe yisilwane esithile esidlayo, phew!
Amaxoxo amaningi esiwathola phakathi kwemicibisholo asanda kutholwa ngakho-ke, kusenzima kakhulu ukuwahlukanisa lapha eBrazil. Yize benamagama abo akhethekile esayensi, bagcina befika olwazini oludumile ngokungathi luhlobo olulodwa, ngenxa yezici zabo ezifanayo.
Gcwalisa uhlu lwamaxoxo anobuthi avela ezilwaneni zaseBrazil
Ngenxa yelukuluku nje, nalu uhlu oluphelele lwamaxoxo anobuthi esingawathola ezweni. Ezinye zatholwa eminyakeni engaphansi kweshumi edlule kanti kukholakala ukuthi kunabanye abaningi ezweni lonke abangakabhaliswa.
- Adelphobates castaneoticus
- I-Adelphobates galactonotus
- Adelphobates quinquevittatus
- Ameeraga berohoka
- Ameerega braccata
- UFlavopicte Ameerega
- Ameerega hahneli
- Macero Ameerega
- Ameerega petersi
- Pictish Ameerega
- Ameerega pulchripecta
- Ameerega trivittata
- I-Steindachner leucomela dendrobates
- Dendrobates tinctorius
- IHyloxalus peruvianus
- IHyloxalus chlorocraspedus
- Ama-amazon ranitomeya
- URanitomeya cyanovittata
- Ranitomeya defleri
- Ranitomeya flavovitata
- I-Ranitomeya sirensis
- Ranitomeya toraro
- Ranitomeya uakarii
- URanitomeya vanzolinii
- Ranitomeya variabilis
- Ranitomeya yavaricola
