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-Delile
- Izici Zenyoka
- lapho kuhlala khona izinyoka
- inyoka enobuthi
- Izinhlobo zezinyoka eziyingozi
- inyoka engenabuthi
- Inyoka yamanzi
- inyoka yasolwandle
- izinyoka zesihlabathi
![](https://a.mapsofmumbai.com/pets/Tipos-de-cobra-classificaço-e-fotos.webp)
Kukhona cishe Izinhlobo zezinyoka ezingama-3,400, kanti amaphesenti angaphansi kwayishumi awo anobuthi. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, izinyoka ziwuphawu lokwesaba abantu, okuvame ukwengeza ububi.
Izinyoka, noma izinyoka, zingezikaJehova I-oda le-Squamata (edume kakhulu nge-scaly) kanye no-chameleon nama-iguana. Lezi zilwane zibonakala ngokuba nomhlathi ongaphezulu uhlanganiswe ngokuphelele nogebhezi, kanye nomhlathi ophansi kakhulu ohamba phambili, ngaphezu kokuthambekela kokunciphisa izitho, noma ukungabikho ngokuphelele, esimweni sezinyoka. Kule ndatshana kaPeritoAnimal, ake sazi ifayela le- izinhlobo zezinyoka ezikhona, izici nezibonelo ezithile.
Izici Zenyoka
Izinyoka, njengezinye izilwane ezihuquzelayo, zine- umzimba okhuphukile. Lezi zikali ze-epidermal zihlelwe eceleni komunye nomunye, ziphakanyisiwe, njll. Phakathi kwabo, kunendawo ehambayo ebizwa nge-hinge, ekuvumela ukuthi wenze ukunyakaza. Izinyoka, ngokungafani nezibankwa, zinezikali ezinama-horny futhi azinawo ama-osteoderms noma izikali zamathambo ngaphansi kwazo. Izicubu ze-squamous epidermal ziba noshintsho oluphelele njalo lapho isilwane sikhula. Ishintsha njengocezu olulodwa, olubizwa ngegama exuvia.
Ingabe izilwane ectothermic, okungukuthi, abakwazi ukulawula ukushisa komzimba ngokwabo, ngakho-ke bathembele endaweni ezungezile. Ukuze benze lokhu, bayaguqula futhi baguqule indlela abaziphatha ngayo ukuze kugcinwe izinga lokushisa kwabo lizinzile ngangokunokwenzeka.
Njengoba ziyizilwane ezihuquzelayo, i uhlelo lokujikeleza kwenyoka ibonakala ngokuba nenhliziyo ehlukaniswe yaba amakamelo amathathu, ngokuba ama-atria amabili ne-ventricle eyodwa kuphela. Lesi sitho sithola igazi emzimbeni nasemaphashini, silidedele siye kuwo wonke umzimba. Ama-valve amancane kanye nokwahlukanisa okukhona ku-ventricle kuyenza isebenze sengathi ihlukaniswe kabili.
O inyoka uhlelo lokuphefumula iqukethe imbobo encane ekugcineni komlomo, ebizwa ama-glottis. I-glottis inolwelwesi oluvumela umoya ukuba ungene emgqonyeni lapho isilwane sidinga ukuphefumula. Ngemuva kwe-trachea, kukhona iphaphu elisebenza ngokuphelele eline-bronchus elidlula kulo, elibizwa mesobranch. Iphaphu lesobunxele lezinyoka lincane kakhulu, noma alikho nhlobo ezinhlotsheni eziningi. Ukuphefumula kwenzeka ngenxa ye- imisipha ye-intercostal.
izinyoka zine- uhlelo oluguqulwe kakhulu. Izinso zohlobo lwe-metanephric, njengezinyoni nezilwane ezincelisayo. Bahlunga igazi, bakhiphe imfucuza. Zitholakala endaweni engemuva kakhulu yomzimba. Ngo- izinyoka azinaso isinye, kepha ukuphela kwethubhu abaphuma ngalo kubanzi, okuvumela ukugcinwa.
Ukuvundiswa kwalezi zilwane kuhlala kungaphakathi. Izinyoka eziningi izilwane ezi-oviparous, amaqanda. Yize, ngezikhathi ezithile, zingaba yi-ovoviviparous, zikhulise inzalo ngaphakathi kukanina. Amaqanda esifazane ahlukanisiwe futhi antanta ngaphakathi komgodi womzimba. Kwabesilisa, ama-seminiferous ducts asebenza njengama-testes. Kukhona nesakhiwo esibizwa ngokuthi hemipenis, okungekho lutho ngaphandle kokungeniswa kwe-cloaca futhi kusebenza ukwethulwa ku-cloaca yowesifazane.
THE i-cloaca kuyisakhiwo lapho amashubhu angaphandle, ukuphela kwamathumbu nezitho zokuzala zihlangana khona.
Ezinye izitho zemizwa ezinyokeni zithuthuke kakhulu, njengokuhogela nokunambitha. Izinyoka zinesitho sikaJacobson noma isitho somhlanzo, lapho bethola khona ama-pheromones. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngamathe, bangabona ukunambitheka nokuzwa iphunga.
Ebusweni, bayethula imigodi ye-loreal thatha umehluko omncane wokushisa, kuze kufike ku-0.03 ºC. Bazisebenzisela ukuzingela. Inani lemigodi abanayo liyahlukahluka ukusuka kumabhangqa ayi-1 kuye kwayi-13 ohlangothini ngalunye lobuso. Ngensimu eshisayo etholakalayo, kukhona ikamelo eliphindwe kabili elihlukaniswe ulwelwesi. Lapho kunesilwane esinegazi elifudumele eduze, umoya wasekamelweni lokuqala uyanda, futhi uhambise ulwelwesi lokunqamula olushukumisa ukuphela kwezinzwa.
Ekugcineni, kukhona izinyoka ezinobuthi kakhulu. I-Venom ikhiqizwa yizindlala zamathe ezakhiwe ngendlela yazo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, amathe, kukhona umsebenzi wokugaya ukudla esiza ekugayeni ukudla. Ngakho-ke, uma inyoka ikuluma, noma ingenabo ubuthi, amathe ngokwawo angadala ukusabela okungafanele futhi abangele amanxeba abuhlungu kakhulu.
![](https://a.mapsofmumbai.com/pets/Tipos-de-cobra-classificaço-e-fotos-1.webp)
lapho kuhlala khona izinyoka
Izinyoka, ngenxa yokwehlukahlukana kwazo kwezinhlobo, zenziwa amakholoni cishe zonke izindawo zokuhlala emhlabeni, ngaphandle kwezigxobo. Ezinye izinyoka zihlala ezindaweni amahlathi, besebenzisa izihlahla njengendlela yokuhamba. ezinye izinyoka zihlala amadlelo nezindawo eziningi ezivulekile. Kepha futhi bangahlala ezindaweni ezinamadwala kakhulu noma izindawo ezinokuntuleka kwamanzi njengamahlane. Kukhona izinyoka ezaze zafaka nolwandle amakoloni. Ngakho-ke, i- imvelo yasemanzini kungaba futhi indawo ekahle kwezinye izinhlobo zezinyoka.
inyoka enobuthi
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinyoka zinazo izinhlobo ezahlukene zamazinyo:
- amazinyo aglyph, engenawo umzila lapho ubuthi bungagonyelwa khona futhi bugeleze emlonyeni wonke.
- amazinyo opistoglyph, atholakala ngemuva komlomo, nomgudu lapho kufakwa khona ubuthi.
- Amazinyo e-Proteroglyph, bangaphambili futhi banesiteshi.
- Amazinyo e-Solenoglyph, ube nembobo yangaphakathi. Amazinyo okujova angaya emuva, akhona ezinyokeni ezinobuthi kakhulu.
Akuzona zonke izinyoka ezinezinga elifanayo lobungozi. Imvamisa, izinyoka ziguquka ukuze zidle inyamazane ethile futhi, phakathi kwazo, umuntu akekho. Ngakho-ke, izinyoka eziningi, noma zinobuthi, akufanele zibe usongo lwangempela.
Izinhlobo zezinyoka eziyingozi
Ngaphandle kwalokhu, kunezinyoka eziyingozi kakhulu. Phakathi kwe- izinyoka ezinesihlungu kakhulu emhlabeni sithole:
- I-Taipan-do-ingaphakathi (I-Oxyuranus microlepidotus);
- IMnyama Mamba (I-Dendroaspis Polylepis);
- Inyoka Yasolwandle KaBlecher (IHydrophis Belcheri);
- Inyoka yasebukhosini (UHannah Ophiophagus);
- I-Royal Jararca (I-Bothrops Asper);
- I-Western Diamond Rattlesnake (ICrotalus Atrox).
Futhi thola, ePeritoAnimal, okuyizinyoka ezinesihlungu kunazo zonke eBrazil.
![](https://a.mapsofmumbai.com/pets/Tipos-de-cobra-classificaço-e-fotos-2.webp)
inyoka engenabuthi
Ukukhuluma ngezinhlobo zezinyoka, cishe ama-90% ezinyoka ezihlala emhlabeni ayinabo ubuthi, kodwa zisengozini. AmaPython ayizinyoka ezingenabuthi, kepha angasebenzisa umzimba wawo ukwenza akuqede futhi aminyanise izilwane ezinkulu ngemizuzwana embalwa. Abanye izinhlobo zenyoka ye-python yilezi:
- Ikhaphethi python (I-Morelia spilot);
- Python waseBurma (I-Python bivitatus);
- I-Royal python (IPython regius);
- I-Amethyst python (amethystine simalia);
- Inhlwathi yase-Afrika (I-Python sebae).
Ezinye izinyoka ziyabhekwa izinhlobo zezinyoka zasendlini, kodwa ayikho inyoka empeleni eyisilwane esifuywayo, njengoba bengakaze badlule enkambisweni ende yokufuya. Okwenzekayo ukuthi ubumnene bezinyoka ngokuvamile buzolile futhi abavamile ukuhlasela ngaphandle uma bezizwa besongelwa. Leli qiniso, elengezwe kwisici sokungabi nobuthi, lenza abantu abaningi banqume ukuba nabo njengezilwane ezifuywayo. Abanye izinyoka ezingenabuthi yilezi:
- I-Boa constrictor (i-constrictor enhle);
- INyoka yaseCalifornia yaseNyakatho (ILampropeltis getulus californiae);
- Amakhorali Amanga (Lampropeltis unxantathu); ingenye yezinhlobo zezinyoka ezivela eMexico.
- I-python eluhlaza okotshani (I-Morelia viridis).
![](https://a.mapsofmumbai.com/pets/Tipos-de-cobra-classificaço-e-fotos-3.webp)
Inyoka yamanzi
Ngo- izinyoka zamanzi bahlala osebeni lwemifula, amachibi namachibi. Lezi zinyoka zivame ukuba zinkulu futhi, yize ziphefumula umoya, zichitha usuku lonke zicwile emanzini, lapho zithola khona okunye ukudla ezikudingayo, njengezilwane zasemanzini nezinhlanzi.
- Inyoka Yamanzi Ehlanganisiwe (natrix natrix);
- Inyoka Yamanzi E-Viperine (UNatrix Maura);
- Inyoka Yomzimba Wendlovu (I-Acrochordus javanicus);
- Inhlwathi eluhlaza (Ama-Murunus Eunectes).
![](https://a.mapsofmumbai.com/pets/Tipos-de-cobra-classificaço-e-fotos-4.webp)
inyoka yasolwandle
Izinyoka zasolwandle zakha umndeni omncane ngaphakathi kweqembu lezinyoka, umndeni omncane waseHydrophiinae. Lezi zinyoka zichitha iningi lezimpilo zazo emanzini anosawoti futhi, ezimweni eziningi, azikwazi ukuhamba endaweni eqinile njengobuso bomhlaba. Ezinye izinhlobo zezinyoka zasolwandle yilezi:
- Inyoka yasolwandle enomphunga omkhulu (IColubrine Laticauda);
- Inyoka Yasolwandle enekhanda elimnyama (I-Hydrophis melanocephalus);
- Inyoka Yolwandle iPelagic (I-Hydrophis platurus).
![](https://a.mapsofmumbai.com/pets/Tipos-de-cobra-classificaço-e-fotos-5.webp)
izinyoka zesihlabathi
Izinyoka zesihlabathi yilezo zinyoka ezihlala ezingwadule. Phakathi kwabo, sithola ezinye izinhlobo zama-rattlesnakes.
- Inyoka enezimpondo (I-Viper Ammodyte);
- I-Mojave Rattlesnake (ICrotalus scutulatus);
- Inyoka yase-Arizona Coral (I-Euryxanthus microroids);
- Inyoka-peninsular ekhanyayo (ukuthula Arizona);
- Inyoka ekhanyayo (Elegans arizona).
![](https://a.mapsofmumbai.com/pets/Tipos-de-cobra-classificaço-e-fotos-6.webp)
Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- Izinhlobo zezinyoka: ukuhlukaniswa kanye nezithombe, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu se-Curiosities somhlaba wezilwane.