Izinhlobo Zenkalankala - Amagama nezithombe

Umlobi: Peter Berry
Usuku Lokudalwa: 13 Ujulayi 2021
Ukuvuselela Usuku: 23 Ujuni 2024
Anonim
Izinhlobo zemisho yesiZulu nezibonelo
Ividiyo: Izinhlobo zemisho yesiZulu nezibonelo

-Delile

izinkalankala zikhona izilwane ze-arthropod savela kakhulu. Bayakwazi ukuhlala ngaphandle kwamanzi, okumele bakuphefumule, isikhathi eside. Lokhu kungenzeka ngoba bayakwazi buthelela amanzi ngaphakathi, kube sengathi yisifunda esivaliwe, sikuguqula ngezikhathi ezithile.

Kule ndatshana kaPeritoAnimal sizokhuluma ngaye izinhlobo zenkalankala nezici zayo eziyinhloko. Sizokubonisa nohlu oluphelele lwamagama nezithombe ukuze ufunde ukwazi lesi silwane esithakazelisa kakhulu. Ukufunda okuhle!

Izici Zenkalankala

Wena izinkalankala yi-crustacean arthropods engeye-Brachyura infraorder. Isakhiwo somzimba wabo sikhethekile kakhulu, kanti ngenkathi izidumbu ze-arthropods zihlukaniswa ikhanda, isifuba nesisu, izinkalankala zinazo. izingxenye ezintathu zomzimba ezihlanganisiwe. Ngokuyinhloko isisu, esincane kakhulu futhi sitholakala ngaphansi kwe-carapace.


I-carapace yenkalankala ibanzi kakhulu, imvamisa ukuba yinde kubanzi kunokude, ebanikeza ukubukeka okuyisicaba. Unamabhangqa amahlanu emilenze noma ama-appendages. Ama-appendages amabili okuqala, aziwa nge-chelicera, akhombisa ukwanda kakhulu kwabesilisa bezinhlobo eziningi.

Bangakhasa baye phambili kancane, kepha bavamise ukuhamba eceleni, ikakhulukazi uma bekhasa ngokushesha. izinkalankala eziningi angikwazi ukubhukuda, yize kwezinye izinhlobo zombili imilenze yokugcina igcina ngohlobo lwephedi noma isigwedlo, esibanzi futhi esicabalele, esivumela ukuqhuma ngokubhukuda.

izinkalankala phefumula ngezinhlungu. Amanzi angena ezansi kwemilenze emibili yokuqala, ajikele egumbini lamagill, bese ephuma endaweni eseduze kweso. Uhlelo lokujikeleza kwenkalankala luvulekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kwesinye isikhathi igazi lihamba ngemithambo nemithambo, kuthi kwesinye isikhathi lithelwe emzimbeni. Banenhliziyo engaba nezimo eziguquguqukayo, ezinama-ostioles, okuyizimbobo lapho igazi lingena khona enhliziyweni lisuka emzimbeni, bese lihamba ngemithambo yegazi.


Izinkalankala izilwane omnivorous. bangadla ulwelwe, inhlanzi, ama-molluscs, ama-carrion, ama-bacteria nezinye izinto eziningi eziphilayo. Futhi yizilwane ezi-oviparous, okuyi zala ngamaqanda. Izibungu zichanyuselwa kula maqanda bese zidlula ezigabeni ezehlukene ze-metamorphosis zize zifinyelele esigabeni sabantu abadala.

Zingaki izinhlobo zenkalankala ezikhona emhlabeni?

Kukhona abaseduze Izinhlobo ezingama-4 500 noma izinhlobo izinkalankala. Lezi zilwane zivame ukuhlala ezindaweni ezinamanzi amaningi, njengasogwini lwamabhishi, iziziba kanye nemihlume. Ezinye zihlala emanzini ajulile ngandlela thile, kanti ezinye izinhlobo zize zihlale nasezindaweni ezingafinyeleleki kahle njengama-oceanic hydrothermal vent, afinyelela emazingeni okushisa afinyelela ku-400 ° C.


Ezinye zezinhlobo zezinkalankala ezaziwa kakhulu noma lezo ezifanele ukugqanyiswa emvelweni yilezi:

1. Crab-violinist

O inkalankala yomgibeli (uca pugnax) ihlala emaxhaphozini amaningi anosawoti ogwini lwe-Atlantic Ocean. Kunjalo abakhi bemisele, basebenzisa ukuzivikela ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye, ukuzala nokuzala ebusika. Ziyizinkalankala ezincane, ezinabantu abakhulu kakhulu abalinganisa cishe amasentimitha ama-3 ububanzi.

Zibonisa ukufiphala kocansi, abesilisa bengumbala oluhlaza okotshani onendawo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka maphakathi negobolondo. Abesifazane abanayo le ndawo. Abesilisa, ngaphezu kwalokho, bangaba ne- ukukhula ngokweqile kwenye ye-chelicerae futhi, kwezinye izimo, zombili. Ngesikhathi sokuqomisana, abesilisa bahambisa i-chelicerae yabo ngendlela yokuthi babonakale bedlala i-violin.

2. I-Crab Ebomvu YeChristmas Island

O inkalankala ebomvu (natal gecarcoidea) kuvamile ku- I-Christmas Island, e-Australia. Ihlala yodwa ngaphakathi ehlathini, ichitha izinyanga zesomiso ingcwatshwe emhlabathini, ifukamela ubusika. Lapho inkathi yemvula iqala, ngesikhathi sokuwa, lezi zilwane zenza umxhwele ukufudukaphakathii-pasta olwandle, lapho balingisa khona.

izinkalankala ezibomvu ezincane zizalwa olwandle, lapho bachitha khona inyanga benza ama-metamorphoses ahlukahlukene ukuze baphile endaweni yasemhlabeni.

3. Inkalankala enkulu yaseJapan

O inkalankala enkulu yaseJapan (Kaempferi macrochick) bahlala ekujuleni koLwandlekazi iPacific, eduze nogu lwaseJapan. Bayizilwane zamakholoni, ngakho bahlala kuzo amaqembu amakhulu kakhulu. Kuyi-arthropod enkulu kunazo zonke ekhona. imilenze yakho ingalinganisa ngaphezu kwamamitha amabili eside, futhi bangafinyelela Amakhilogremu angama-20 yesisindo.

Okuthile okufuna ukwazi kakhulu ngalezi zilwane ukuthi zinamathela emzimbeni wazo imfucumfucu eziyithola ezizungezile ukuze zizifihle. Uma beguqula imvelo yabo, kanjalo nezinsalela. Ngalesi sizathu, baziwa nangokuthi "izinkalankala zokuhlobisa". Ngenye yezinhlobo zenkalankala ezivusa ilukuluku labantu ngobukhulu bayo.

4. Inkalankala eluhlaza

O inkalankala eluhlaza (Maenas Carcinus) ungowasogwini olusentshonalanga yeYurophu ne-Iceland, yize ihlala kwezinye izingxenye zeplanethi njengezilwane ezihlaselayo, ngokwesibonelo, iNingizimu Afrika noma iCentral America. Bangaba namathoni amaningi, kepha ikakhulukazi luhlaza okotshani. Abafiki ekuvuthweni ngokobulili kuze kube yiminyaka emi-2 ubudala, lapho bethola usayizi we- Amasentimitha ama-5. Kodwa-ke, ubude bayo bude buyiminyaka engu-5 kwabesilisa kanye no-3 kwabesifazane.

5. Inkalankala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka

O inkalankala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (sapidus callinectes) ibizwa ngegama lombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka wemilenze yayo, kepha i-carapace yayo iluhlaza okotshani. Uzipho lwe-chelicerae yalo lubomvu. Kunjalo izilwane ezihlaselayo ezindaweni eziningi zomhlaba, yize zivela e-Atlantic Ocean. Bangaphila emanzini anezimo ezihluke kakhulu, amanzi limnandi noma limnandi, futhi yaze yangcoliswa.

6. Ufulawa wenkalankala-marie

I-mare crab ufulawa noma i-crab yesihlabathi (I-Ocypod quadrata). Kuyaziwa nangokuthi yi-ghost crab kanye ne-tidal wave. Kujwayelekile kakhulu emabhishi, iyakha thinta isihlabathi ukubaleka emanzini olwandle. Yisilwane esibucayi kakhulu emakhazeni, kepha simelana nokushisa futhi sishesha ngokweqile, sikwazi ukusebenzisa udlawana lwaso langaphambili ukumba, ukuzivikela noma ukuthola ukudla.

7. Inkalankala Ephuzi (Gecarcinus lagostoma)

Inkalankala ephuzi (i-gecarcinus lobster) uhlala ezifundeni ezinamanzi futhi ubonakala kakhulu ezindaweni ezifana ne-Atol das Rocas neFernando de Noronha. Kuyisilwane engozini, ngokweRed Book of Brazilian Fauna Threatened with Extinction yiChico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation.

Eyaziwa nangokuthi inkalankala yesela, ine-carapace ephuzi futhi imvamisa izidladla eziwolintshi. Iphakathi kwamamilimitha angama-70 kuya kwayi-110. Inemikhuba yasebusuku, inentuthuko yesibungu yasolwandle futhi umbala wayo uyehluka kusuka ophuzi kuye kobubende.

8. I-Giant Blue Crab

Inkalankala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-birgus latro) yaziwa nangokuthi isela likakhukhunathi noma inkalankala kakhukhunathi. Futhi lokho kunengqondo ngokuphelele: ukudla akuthandayo kakhukhunathi. Ingalinganiselwa ku- Imitha eli-1 ubude, le crustacean inekhono elinekhono lokukhuphuka ezihlahleni. Kulungile. Ungamangali uma use-Australia noma eMadagascar, lapho ehlala khona, bese uthola inkalankala ifuna ukhukhunathi ezindaweni eziphakeme.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu nezinye izithelo, kudla izinkalankala ezincane ngisho nakuzo izinsalela zezilwane ezifile. Esinye isici saso isisu esinzima kunezinye izinhlobo. Yize ibizwa ngokuthi iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, umbala wayo ungahluka phakathi kwewolintshi, mnyama, nsomi nokubomvu ngaphezu kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka uqobo.

Ezinye izibonelo zenkalankala

Ngezansi, sikunikeza uhlu nezinye izinhlobo zonkalankala:

  • I-Giant Crab (Santolla Lithodes)
  • IFlorida Stone Crab (i-menippe mercenary)
  • Inkalankala emnyamaruricula gecarcinus)
  • I-Bermuda Crab (I-Gecarcinus lateralis)
  • Inkalankala (I-Trichodactylus borellianus)
  • Inkalankala Yexhaphozi (I-Pachygrapsus transversus)
  • Inkalankala Yezinwele (I-Peltarion spinosulum)
  • I-Rock Crab (pachygrapsus marmoratus)
  • I-Catanhão (neohelix emincane)
  • Inkalankala engenamlomo (ICrassum Cardisoma)

Manje njengoba usuwazi uchungechunge lwe- Izinhlobo zenkalankala, kufaka phakathi ezimbili zazo ezaziwa ukuthi zinkulu kakhulu kunokujwayelekile, ungahle ube nentshisekelo kule vidiyo emayelana nezilwane ezinkulu emhlabeni ezake zatholakala:

Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- Izinhlobo Zenkalankala - Amagama nezithombe, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu se-Curiosities somhlaba wezilwane.