-Delile
- Izici zentuthwane
- Izinhlobo zezintuthwane ezinobuthi
- Intuthwane YaseCape Verdean
- intuthwane yenja
- intuthwane yomlilo
- intuthwane yase-afrika
- Izinhlobo zezintuthwane zasendlini
- intuthwane yombazi
- Intuthwane-Argentina
- intuthwane esika amaqabunga
- sessile tapinoma
- intuthwane yokhuni
- IBarbarus Messor
Izintuthwane izinambuzane ezivamile eza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene. Bahlukaniswa yinhlangano emangazayo ngoba amakoloni ahlanganiswe azungeze indlovukazi futhi izintuthwane zabasebenzi zinemisebenzi echaziwe.
uyazi ukuthi zingaki izinhlobo zezintuthwane zikhona? Uma unesifiso sokwazi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, phakathi kwazo kunezinhlobo zezintuthwane ezinobuthi, qhubeka ufunde le ndatshana yiPeritoAnimal.
Izici zentuthwane
Izintuthwane ziphakathi kwezinambuzane ezindala futhi ezivame kakhulu emhlabeni. Ziyakwazi ukusinda cishe kuzo zonke izindawo zokuhlala futhi, kwesinye isikhathi, amakoloni makhulu kakhulu aze abe izinambuzane ezinzima kakhulu ukulawula.
Kepha, zingaki izinhlobo zezintuthwane emhlabeni? Kulinganiselwa ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-20 000 zezintuthwane. Yize uhlobo ngalunye lwezinhlobo lunokuziphatha okuhlukile nezici, kunezinto eziningana ezivamile phakathi kwazo. Njengesibonelo:
- Ukudla: izinhlobo eziningi zezintuthwane zidla ujusi wemvelo wezithelo nezimbali, kanti ezinye izinhlobo zezintuthwane zondla izitshalo. Futhi, kunezinhlobo ezithile ezidlayo ezidla izilwane ezifile njengezimpukane namaphela.
- Indawo yokuhlala nokuhlalisana: izinhlobo ezahlukene zezintuthwane zihlala emhlabeni wonke, ngaphandle kwase-Antarctica nakwezinye iziqhingi eziqhelile. Imvamisa bakha iziduli emhlabeni nangokhuni, yize bezihlela futhi ezindongeni zezindlu nezakhiwo. Zonke izinhlobo zihlala emakoloni afinyelela kumalungu angama-10,000. Ezidlekeni eziningi zezintuthwane kunendlovukazi eyodwa kuphela, yize ezinhlotsheni ezithile kuyenzeka kutholakale izindlovukazi ezimbili noma ezintathu.
- Isikhathi sokuphila: Impilo ende yentuthwane incike ezinhlotsheni zayo, kepha iningi lazo liphila cishe izinyanga ezine futhi, ikakhulukazi, lingafinyelela unyaka wokuphila.
- Ukuziphatha kwentuthwane nenhlangano: Izintuthwane ziyizilwane ezinobungane futhi, ngasikhathi sinye, zihleleke kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezintuthwane ekoloni. Bahlukanisa umsebenzi ngobunono kangangokuthi ilungu ngalinye linendima ethile okufanele liyibambe. Inhloso ukuqinisekisa inhlalakahle yekoloni nokuvikelwa kwelungu ngalinye lalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banomona kakhulu ngamakhaya abo, okungukuthi, abavumi ezinye izinhlobo zezintuthwane endaweni ethile.
Izinhlobo zezintuthwane ezinobuthi
Izintuthwane zizivikela ngokuluma. Zingabaluleka kangako kubantu, kepha ziyabulala ezilwaneni ezithile, ikakhulukazi izinambuzane. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezintuthwane ezinobuthi, ezidala izinkinga noma zibangele ukufa.
Bheka okunye ngezansi. izinhlobo zezintuthwane ezinobuthi.
Intuthwane YaseCape Verdean
Intuthwane yaseCape Verdean, eyaziwa nangokuthi intuthwane yezinhlamvu noma clavata paraponera, ingatholakala emazweni afana neBrazil, iNicaragua, iParaguay, iVenezuela neHonduras. Yaziwa ngegama lentuthwane yezinhlamvu ngenxa yobuhlungu bokulunywa kwayo, kufana kakhulu nalokho okubangela umthelela wenhlamvu. Kubhekwa njengokuphindwe kabuhlungu ngaphezu kwamashumi amathathu kunolwamvila. Ngemuva kokulunywa kwe- Intuthwane yaseCape Verdean, isifunda sibomvu, singadala ukugodola, ukujuluka kanye nokuzwela kwe-Persia kwesitho esithintekile.
intuthwane yenja
THE intuthwane yenja, owaziwa nangokuthi intuthwane enkulu yase-Australia noma IMyrmecia, ingatholakala e-Australia naseNew Caledonia. Kubonakala ngokuba nomhlathi omkhulu ophuzi, ngaphezu kwamathoni abomvu nansundu. Inobuthi obunamandla obukwazi ukudala ukushisa okunamandla esikhunjeni okungashiya amamaki angunaphakade.
Ubuwazi ukuthi phakathi kwezinambuzane ezinobuthi kakhulu eBrazil kukhona intuthwane? Thola ukuthi luhlobo luni lwale ntuthwane nokuthi yiziphi ezinye izinambuzane ezikule ndatshana yePeritoAnimal.
intuthwane yomlilo
intuthwane yomlilo noma I-Solenopsis richteri inombala ojulile omnyama onamathoni abomvu, njengoba igama lawo likhombisa. Uhlukaniswa ngokuziphatha okunolaka ikakhulukazi, kepha abajwayele ukuhlasela abantu, ngaphandle kwalapho becasukile. THE intuthwane yomlilo inokuluma okunamandla kakhulu futhi okunoshevu, okwaziyo ukudala ubuhlungu obungakhululeki futhi obuphikelelayo, okufana nokuncinyelwa komnyovu.
intuthwane yase-afrika
THE intuthwane yase-afrika, obeye aziwe njengo i-pachycondyla ihlaziya O Megaponera foetens, ingenye yezinhlobo eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni futhi ihlala eSenegal, eSierra Leone, eNigeria, eGhana, eCameroon naseTogo. Zinesilinganiso esiphakathi kuka-18 no-5 mm futhi zinesihlabi nomhlathi oqinile ongunxantathu, okwazi ukubhoboza isikhumba somuntu. O ubuthi be-neurotoxic inamandla ikakhulukazi futhi, ngenxa yalokho, bayakwazi ukukhubaza izisulu.
Izinhlobo zezintuthwane zasendlini
Kunezigidi zezintuthwane emhlabeni jikelele, ezizinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlobo ezirekhodiwe. Kodwa-ke, akuzona zonke izintuthwane ezinobuthi. Ngokuvamile, i- izinhlobo zezinhlobo zasekhaya imvamisa ayinabungozi futhi ekugcineni ukulunywa kwazo akubi yinkinga kubantu.
Ngezansi, hlola ezinye zezinhlobo zezintuthwane ezivame kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele.
intuthwane yombazi
THE intuthwane yombazi kungokwenhlobo yo ingxenye, uhlobo oluhlala eMelika, eYurophu nase-Afrika. Inaleli gama ngoba yakha izidleke zayo ngokhuni, ezingaba nemiphumela emibi emvelweni, amakoloni anda futhi adale umonakalo omkhulu ezakhiweni zezihlahla. Ngokuvamile, izintuthwane zombazi ziphephela ezinkuni ezibolile ukuze zenze izidleke zazo, ngoba ziqoqa izimo ezanele zomswakama nezinga lokushisa ukuze ziqhubeke ziphila.
Ziyi-polymorphic, okusho ukuthi bonke abantu babe nosayizi abehlukene. Imibala yayo ingaba phakathi komnyama, obomvu nomnyama onsundu. Mayelana nokudla, abadli izinkuni, ukudla kwabo kusekelwe ezinambuzaneni ezifile, izinto ezinoshukela ezivela ezitshalweni, izimbali nezithelo, kanye nenyama namafutha.
Intuthwane-Argentina
THE intuthwane yase-argentine noma Linepithema humile kugcwele e-Argentina, eParaguay nase-Uruguay. Njengamanje isatshalaliswa kwamanye amazwe amaningi ngenxa yesenzo somuntu, sithathwa njengesinambuzane. Izinyathelo eziphakathi kuka-2 no-3 mm, kepha zinolaka ikakhulukazi, zilwela ukulawulwa kwendawo, ezihlanganisa izindawo ezinkulu. Isenzo saso sidala ukufa kwezinhlobo zomdabu esifundeni esihlaselayo, okudala ushintsho olungalungiseki ku-ecosystem.
Thola ukuthi izintuthwane zizala kanjani kulesi sihloko se-PeritoAnimal.
intuthwane esika amaqabunga
Ibizwa "intuthwane yokusika iqabunga" kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-40 zohlobo lohlobo Atta futhi I-Acromyrmex. Kubonakala kakhulu yi inhlangano yezenhlalo eyeqile, njengoba leli koloni lihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezahlukahlukene ezaziwa ngokuthi ama-castes, okungukuthi, kukhona indlovukazi, amasosha, abasebenza emafekthri nabasebenza engadini. Esikhungweni sezintuthwane esika amaqabunga, umuntu ngamunye unenhloso ethile okufanele ayifeze, kuqala ngendlovukazi, ephethe ukuthola izidleke nokuzala kabusha.
Ngenkathi amasosha evikela leli koloni ezinsongweni zangaphandle, izinkomo ziphethe ukumba imigudu nokuthola ukudla kwezinye izintuthwane. Abalimi baphethe ukunakekela ukukhula kwesikhunta, izibungu namaqanda ekukhuleni. Lolu hlobo lwentuthwane lutholakala kusuka ePanama kuya enyakatho ye-Argentina. Kungadala umonakalo omkhulu kwezomnotho, njengoba ihlasela izinhlobo ezahlukene zezitshalo nezitshalo ezifana nomdumbula, ummbila nomoba.
sessile tapinoma
THE intuthwane I-Tapinoma sessile noma intuthwane enuka ekhaya, yaziwa nangokuthi intuthwane kashukela noma intuthwane kakhukhunathi. Ivela e-United States futhi ibizwa ngegama layo ngephunga elinamandla elikhipha lapho ichotshozwa. Lolu hlobo lwentuthwane yasekhaya lwakha ikhaya lalo ngaphansi kwamatshe, izingodo, imfucumfucu noma ezinye izinto, kufaka phakathi imifantu emadwaleni nasemhlabathini.
Izinhlobo azinaso isikhathi sokufuna ukudla, zingakwenza nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku. Ukudla kuqukethe izithelo, izinambuzane kanye nompe. Inani lezintuthwane ezindlini ezinukayo lingaba inkathazo uma izimo lapho amakoloni esakazeka khona zingalawulwa.
Futhi thola ukuthi izinhlanzi ziphefumula kanjani kulesi sihloko se-PeritoAnimal.
intuthwane yokhuni
THE intuthwane yokhuni,IFormica rufa noma Idlozi elibomvu laseYurophu livame kakhulu eYurophu. Kwakha amakoloni amakhulu futhi abonakalayo emahlathini anamaqabunga, lapho kuhlala khona abantu abangaba ngu-200,000. Ziyizilwane ezidla omnivorous, zidla izilwane ezingenamqolo, isikhunta nezitshalo. Ziyakwazi ukulunywa okuqinile.
IBarbarus Messor
THE intuthwane Messor barbarus ikhona eSpain, e-Italy, eFrance naseMorocco. Kwakha izidleke phansi futhi kuyizilwane ezinomdlandla kuphela. Le nhlobo ivelela inhlanzeko yayo, ngoba ihlala ihlanza yona kanye nesidleke. Okunye okugqame kakhulu kulolu hlobo lwentuthwane ubukhulu bekhanda.
Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- Izinhlobo zezintuthwane: izici nezithombe, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu se-Curiosities somhlaba wezilwane.