-Delile
- Umsuka we-Kodiak Bear
- Ukubukeka kanye ne-Anatomy ye-Alaskan Giant Bear
- Kodiak Bear Ukuziphatha
- Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Kodiak Bear
- Isimo sokulondolozwa kwebhere le-Kodiak
O kodiak ibhere (I-Ursus arctos middendorffi), owaziwa nangokuthi i-Alaskan giant bear, ungaphansi kwama-grizzly bear odabuka esiQhingini i-Kodiak nakwezinye izindawo ezisogwini eningizimu ye-Alaska. Lezi zilwane ezincelisayo zigqama ngobukhulu bazo nokuqina kwazo okuphawulekayo, ngokuba ngesinye sezilwane ezincelisayo ezinkulu kakhulu emhlabeni, kanye nebhere elisendaweni emhlophe.
Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngalesi silwane esincelisayo esikhulu, sikumema ukuba uqhubeke ufunde leli phepha lezilwane i-Perito, esizokhuluma ngalo umsuka, ukudla kanye nokuzala Ye-Beak ka-Kodiak.
Umthombo- Melika
- I-U.S
Umsuka we-Kodiak Bear
Njengoba sesishilo, i-Kodiak Bear iyi- ama-grizzly bear subspecies (I-Ursus arctos), uhlobo lomndeni Ursidae ohlala e-Eurasia naseNyakatho Melika futhi unezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-16 ezaziwa njengamanje. Ngokuqondile, amabhere we-Kodiak Abomdabu base-Southern Alaska kanye nezindawo ezingaphansi kwesiQhingi se-Kodiak.
Ekuqaleni i-Kodiak Bear yachazwa njengohlobo olusha webhere ngu-American taxonomist wemvelo kanye nesazi sezilwane okuthiwa uCH Merriam. Igama layo lokuqala lesayensi kwaba I-Ursus middendorffi, oqanjwe ngegama lesazi semvelo esikhulu saseBaltic esigama linguDkt A. Th. Von Middendorff. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, ngemuva kocwaningo oluningiliziwe lwentela, wonke amabhere e-grizzly avela eNyakatho Melika aqoqelwe ndawonye ohlotsheni olufanayo: I-Ursus arctos.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo oluningi lwezakhi zofuzo lwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukubona ukuthi ibhere i-Kodiak "lihlobene nezofuzo" namabhere ama-grizzly ase-United States, kufaka phakathi lawo ahlala enhlonhlo yase-Alaskan, kanye namabhere ase-Russia. Noma zingekho izifundo eziwujuqu okwamanje, ngenxa ye- ukwehluka okuphansi kofuzo, Amabhere we-Kodiak alinganiselwa ukuthi ayehlukanisiwe amakhulu amaningi eminyaka (okungenani kusukela esikhathini sokugcina seqhwa, esenzeka cishe eminyakeni eyi-12,000 edlule). Ngokunjalo, akukakabonakali ukuthola ukushoda kwe-immunological noma ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa okuthathwe ekuzalelweni kule subspecies.
Ukubukeka kanye ne-Anatomy ye-Alaskan Giant Bear
I-Kodiak Bear yisilwane esikhulu esincelisayo somhlaba, esingafinyelela ukuphakama lapho sibuna cishe amamitha ayi-1.3. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingafinyelela 3 amamitha emilenzeni emibili, okungukuthi, lapho ithola isikhundla se-bipedal. Kuphinda futhi kube namandla amakhulu, kwande ukuthi abesifazane babe nesisindo esingama-200 kg, kanti abesilisa bafinyelela ngaphezu kwalokho Isisindo somzimba esingu-300 kg. Amabhere kaMale Kodiak anesisindo esingaphezulu kuka-600 kg aqoshwe endle, kanti umuntu obizwa ngegama elithi "Clyde", obehlala eNyakatho Dakota Zoo, usefinyelele ngaphezu kuka-950 kg.
Ngenxa yezimo zezulu ezingezinhle okufanele ibhekane nazo, izitolo ze-Kodiak Bear U-50% wesisindo somzimba wakho emafuthenikodwa-ke, kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, leli nani lidlula ama-60%, ngoba badinga indawo enkulu yamandla ukuze baphile futhi bancelise izingane zabo. Ngaphezu kosayizi wabo omkhulu, esinye isici esivelele samabhere we-Kodiak ngesabo uboya obukhulu, ivumelaniswe ngokuphelele nesimo sezulu sendawo yayo yemvelo. Ngokuphathelene nemibala yokugqoka, amabhere we-Kodiak ngokuvamile avela emakhazeni we-blonde ne-orange kuya ensundu emnyama. Phakathi neminyaka embalwa yokuqala yokuphila, imidlwane ivame ukufaka into ebizwa ngokuthi "indandatho yendalo" emhlophe entanyeni.
La mabhere amakhulu ase-Alaskan nawo afaka uzipho olukhulu, olubukhali futhi oluhlehlekayo, zibalulekile ezinsukwini zazo zokuzingela futhi futhi ziyabasiza ukuthi bavikele ekuhlaselweni okungenzeka noma balwele indawo yokulwa namanye amaduna.
Kodiak Bear Ukuziphatha
Amabhere e-Kodiak athambekele ekuphatheni i- indlela yokuphila enesizungu endaweni yabo yokuhlala, bahlangana kuphela ngenkathi yokuzalanisa nasezingxabanweni ezithile ngezikhathi ezithile zensimu. Futhi, ngoba banendawo yokudla encane uma kuqhathaniswa, njengoba beya kakhulu ezifundeni ezinomsinga odala ama-salmon, kujwayelekile ukubona amaqembu amabhere ase-Kodiak eduze nemifudlana yase-Alaskan nase-Kodiak Island. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi lolu hlobo lwe "ukubekezelelana okufika ngesikhathi"kungaba uhlobo lokuziphatha okuguqukayo, ngoba ngokunciphisa izimpi zensimu kulezi zimo, amabhere akwazi ukugcina ukudla okungcono futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ahlala enempilo futhi enamandla wokukhiqiza futhi aqhubeke nabantu.
Ekhuluma ngokudla, amabhere e-Kodiak yizilwane ezi-omnivorous ukudla kwazo okubandakanya kusukela lapho idlelo, izimpande nezithelo okujwayelekile kwe-Alaska, ngisho Ama-salmon asePacific nezilwane ezincelisayo iphakathi nendawo futhi inkulu ngosayizi, njengezimpawu, izinyamazane nezinyamazane. Bangaphinde badle ulwelwe nezinambuzane ezingenamgogodla ezinqwabelana emabhishi ngemuva kwezinkathi zonyaka ezinamandla kakhulu. Ngokuthuthuka komuntu endaweni yakhe yokuhlala, ikakhulukazi esiQhingini sase-Kodiak, abanye imikhuba yosomathuba ziye zabonwa kule subspecies. Lapho ukudla kuba yindlala, amabhere e-Kodiak ahlala eduze kwamadolobha noma amadolobha angaya ezikhungweni zasemadolobheni ukubuyisa udoti wokudla kwabantu.
Amabhere awabutholi ubusika obuyiqiniso njengezinye izilwane ezilala ubusika njengezimbila, ama-hedgehogs kanye nezingwejeje. Kulezi zilwane ezincelisayo ezinkulu, ezinamandla, ubuthongo basebusika uqobo buzodinga amandla amaningi ukuzinzisa izinga lokushisa lomzimba wabo ngokufika kwentwasahlobo. Njengoba le ndleko yokuguqula umzimba ibingenakusekelwa esilwaneni, okubeka ngisho nokusinda kwayo engcupheni, amabhere e-Kodiak awafihli ubuthongo, kepha ahlangabezana nohlobo ukulala ebusika. Yize kuyizinqubo ezifanayo zokwakheka komzimba, ngesikhathi sokulala ebusika izinga lokushisa komzimba wamabhele lehla ngama-degree ambalwa kuphela, okuvumela isilwane ukuthi silale isikhathi eside emihumeni yaso futhi songe amandla amaningi ebusika.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Kodiak Bear
Ngokuvamile, wonke ama-grizzly bear subspecies, kufaka phakathi nebhere le-Kodiak, angabodadewabo futhi athembekile kubalingani bawo. Kuzo zonke izikhathi zokukhwelana, umuntu ngamunye uthola umlingani wakhe ojwayelekile, aze afe omunye wabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukuthi kudlule izinkathi eziningana ngaphandle kokukhwelana ngemuva kokushona komlingani wabo abajwayelene naye, baze bazizwe bekulungele ukwamukela umlingani omusha.
Isikhathi sokuzalela kwebhere le-Kodiak senzeka phakathi kwe- izinyanga zikameyi nangojuni, ngokufika kwentwasahlobo enyakatho Nenkabazwe. Ngemuva kokukhwelana, imibhangqwana ijwayele ukuhlala ndawonye amasonto ambalwa, ithathe ithuba lokuphumula futhi iqoqe inani elihle lokudla. Kodwa-ke, abesifazane sebephuze ukufakelwa, okusho ukuthi amaqanda avundisiwe anamathela odongeni lwesibeletho futhi akhula izinyanga ezimbalwa ngemuva kokukhwelana, imvamisa ngesikhathi sokuwa.
Njengezilwane eziningi ezincelisayo, amabhere e-Kodiak yizilwane eziphilayo, okusho ukuthi ukukhulelwa nokukhula kwenzalo kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwesizalo. Imidlwane ivame ukuzalwa ngasekupheleni kobusika, phakathi nezinyanga zikaJanuwari noMashi, emgodini owodwa lapho umama wabo ayejabulela khona ukulala kwakhe ebusika. Owesifazane uvame ukuzala amazinyane amabili kuya kwangu-4 ekuzalweni ngakunye. Bazalwa benamagremu acishe abe ngu-500 futhi bazohlala nabazali babo kuze kube yiminyaka emithathuwempilo, noma befinyelela kuphela ekuvuthweni ngokocansi beneminyaka engu-5 ubudala.
Amabhere we-Kodiak anayo izinga lokufa eliphakeme amawundlu phakathi kwama-grizzly bear subspecies, mhlawumbe ngenxa yezimo zemvelo zendawo yawo kanye nokuziphatha okuphangayo kwabesilisa enzalweni yabo. Lesi ngesinye sezici ezinkulu ezivimbela ukwanda kwezinhlobo, kanye nokuzingela "kwezemidlalo".
Isimo sokulondolozwa kwebhere le-Kodiak
Njengoba kunikezwe izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi zendawo ezihlala kuyo kanye nokuma kwayo ochungechungeni lokudla, ibhere le-Kodiak alinazo izidalwa ezihlasela imvelo. Njengoba sishilo, abesilisa bale subspecies uqobo bangaba yizilwane ezidla inzalo ngenxa yezingxabano zendawo. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kwalokhu kuziphatha, okuwukuphela kokusongelwa okusindile ekusindeni kwebhere lika-Kodiak ukuzingela nokugawulwa kwamahlathi. Ukuzingela kwezemidlalo kulawulwa ngumthetho endaweni yase-Alaska. Ngakho-ke, ukwakhiwa kwamaPaki kaZwelonke sekuyinto ebalulekile ekulondolozweni kwezinhlobo eziningi zomdabu, kufaka phakathi i- kodiak ibhere, njengoba ukuzingela kungavunyelwe kulezi zindawo ezivikelekile.