Umlando we-American Pit Bull Terrier

Umlobi: Laura McKinney
Usuku Lokudalwa: 8 Epreli 2021
Ukuvuselela Usuku: 17 Unovemba 2024
Anonim
Umlando
Ividiyo: Umlando

-Delile

I-American Pit Bull Terrier ibilokhu iyisikhungo semidlalo enegazi ehilela izinja futhi, kwabanye abantu, lena yinja ephelele yalomkhuba, ithathwa njengeyi-100% esebenza. Kumele wazi ukuthi umhlaba wezinja ezilwayo uyi-maze eyinkimbinkimbi futhi eyinkimbinkimbi ngokweqile. Yize i- "ukubheja inkunzi"kuye kwagqama ngekhulu le-18, ukuvinjelwa kwemidlalo yegazi ngo-1835 kwaveza ukulwa kwezinja ngoba kulo" mdlalo "omusha isikhala esincane sasidingeka. kwazalwa isiphambano esisha yeBulldog neTerrier eyangenisa inkathi entsha eNgilandi, uma kukhulunywa ngokulwa nezinja.


Namuhla, iPit Bull ingenye yezinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu emhlabeni, noma ngabe idumela layo elingalungile "njengenja eyingozi" noma umlingiswa wayo othembekile. Yize kunedumela elibi elitholakele, iPit Bull iyinja eguquguqukayo ikakhulukazi enezimfanelo eziningana. Ngakho-ke, kule ndatshana kaPeritoAnimal, sizokhuluma ngakho umlando we-American Pit Bull Terrier, enikeza umbono wangempela, wobungcweti osuselwa kwizifundo namaqiniso afakazelwe. Uma ungumthandi wokuzalela le ndatshana izokuthakazelisa. Qhubeka ufunde!

ukubheja inkunzi

Phakathi konyaka ka-1816 kuya ku-1860, kwakulwelwa izinja phezulu e-england, ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa kwayo phakathi kuka-1832 no-1833, lapho i- ukubheja inkunzi (ukulwa kwezinkunzi), i- ukuthwala ukubheja (bhera izimpi), i- ukubheja amagundane (ukulwa kwamagundane) ngisho ne ukulwa nenja (ukulwa kwenja). Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo msebenzi wafika e-United States cishe ngonyaka we-1850 nowe-1855, kwanda ngokushesha ukuthandwa phakathi kwabantu. Emzameni wokuqeda lo mkhuba, ngo-1978 iSociety for the Prevention of Animal Cruelty (ASPCA) uvinjelwe ngokusemthethweni ukulwa nezinja, kodwa noma kunjalo, ngawo-1880 lo msebenzi waqhubeka nokuqhubeka ezindaweni ezahlukene e-United States.


Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, amaphoyisa awususa kancane kancane lo mkhuba, owahlala ungaphansi komhlaba iminyaka eminingi. Kuliqiniso ukuthi nanamuhla ukulwa kwezinja kuyaqhubeka ukwenzeka ngokungemthetho. Kodwa-ke, kwaqala kanjani konke lokhu? Ake siye ekuqaleni kwendaba yePig Bull.

Ukuzalwa kwe-American Pit Bull Terrier

Umlando we-American Pit Bull Terrier nokhokho bayo, iBulldogs neTerriers, uyizembe egazini. Izinkunzi ezindala zomgodi, "izinja zomgodi" noma "izimbungulu zomgodi", kwakuyizinja zase-Ireland naseNgilandi futhi, ngamaphesenti amancane, zazivela eScotland.

Impilo ngekhulu le-18 yayinzima, ikakhulukazi kwabampofu, ababehlupheka kakhulu ngenxa yezinambuzane zezilwane ezifana namagundane, izimpungushe kanye nezimbila. Babenenja ngenxa yesidingo ngoba uma kungenjalo babezochayeka ezifweni nasemanzini ezinkingeni emakhaya abo. lezi zinja zazikhona i-terriers enhle kakhulu, kukhethwe ngokukhetha kusuka ezinhlobonhlobo ezinamandla kakhulu, ezinekhono kakhulu, nezinjawe. Emini, i-terriers yayihamba endaweni eseduze nezindlu, kepha ebusuku ivikela amasimu amazambane kanye nepulazi. Nabo ngokwabo babedinga ukuthola indawo yokuphumula ngaphandle kwamakhaya abo.


Kancane kancane, iBulldog yethulwa empilweni yansuku zonke yabantu futhi, kusukela ekuweleni phakathi kweBulldogs neTerrier, "inkunzi netherrier", uhlobo olusha olunezinhlobo zemibala ehlukene, njengomlilo, omnyama noma ibrindle.

Lezi zinja zazisetshenziswa ngamalungu omphakathi athobeke kakhulu njengendlela yokuzijabulisa, okwenza balwe bodwa. Ngasekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-1800, kwakukhona iziphambano zaseBulldogs naseTerriers ezazilwa e-Ireland naseNgilandi, izinja ezindala ezazalelwa ezifundeni zaseCork naseDerry e-Ireland. Empeleni, inzalo yabo yaziwa ngegama lika "umndeni wakudala"(Umndeni wasendulo). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izizukulwane ze-English Pit Bull nazo zazalwa, njenge" Murphy "," Waterford "," Killkinney "," Galt "," Semmes "," Colby "kanye" Ofrn ". yomndeni wakudala futhi, ngesikhathi nokukhethwa endalweni, yaqala ukuhlukaniswa yaba eminye imindeni (noma imicu) ehluke ngokuphelele.

Ngaleso sikhathi, inzalo ayibhalwanga futhi babhaliswa ngokusemthethweni, njengoba abantu abaningi babengafundile. Ngakho-ke, umkhuba ovamile kwakuwukukhulisa nokubadlulisela kusuka kwesinye isizukulwane kuya kwesinye, ngenkathi kuvikelwe ngokucophelela ekuxubaneni nezinye izingcingo zegazi. Izinja zomndeni wakudala zazikhona ingeniswe e-United States cishe ngawo-1850s naku-1855, njengasendabeni kaCharlie "Cockney" Lloyd.

Ezinye ze izinhlobo ezindala yilezi: "Colby", "Semmes", "Corcoran", "Sutton", "Feeley" noma "Lightner", owokugcina engomunye wabadali abadume kakhulu beRed Nose "Ofrn", eyeke ukudala ngoba nayo enkulu ekunambithekeni kwakhe, ngaphezu kokungazithandi izinja ezibomvu ngokuphelele.

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, uhlobo lwezinja lwaluthole zonke izici ezisalwenza lube yinja efiseleka kakhulu namuhla: ikhono lezemidlalo, isibindi kanye nobungane obuhle nabantu. Lapho ifika e-United States, lo mhlobo wahlukana kancane nezinja zaseNgilandi nase-Ireland.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-American Pit Bull e-USA

E-United States, lezi zinja zazisetshenziswa hhayi njengezinja zokulwa kuphela, kodwa futhi njenge izinja ezizingelayo, ukukhipha izingulube zasendle nezinkomo zasendle, futhi futhi njengabaqaphi bomndeni. Ngenxa yakho konke lokhu, abalimi baqala ukudala izinja ezinde nezinkudlwana.

Lokhu kuzuza kwesisindo, noma kunjalo, kwakungabalulekanga kangako. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi imidlwane evela emndenini wakudala ngekhulu le-19 i-Ireland ayivamile ukudlula amakhilogremu angama-25. Okunye futhi okwakuvamile kwakuyilabo abanesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-6.8. Ezincwadini zokufuya zaseMelika ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, empeleni kwakuyivelakancane ukuthola isifanekiso esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu angama-22.6, yize kwakukhona okwehlukile.

Kusuka ngonyaka we-1900 kuya ku-1975, cishe, okuncane nokuhamba kancane ukwanda kwesisindo esimaphakathi I-APBT iqale ukubonwa, ngaphandle kokulahleka okuhambelana nomthamo wokusebenza. Njengamanje, i-American Pit Bull Terrier ayisenzi noma iyiphi imisebenzi ejwayelekile yendabuko efana nokulwa nenja, njengoba ukuhlolwa kokusebenza nokuncintisana empini kubhekwa njengamacala abucayi emazweni amaningi.

Ngaphandle koshintsho oluthile kuphethini, njengokwamukelwa kwezinja ezinkudlwana futhi ezisindayo, umuntu angabona i- ukuqhubeka okumangazayo ngohlanga isikhathi esingaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka. Izithombe ezifakwe kungobo yomlando ezisuka eminyakeni eyikhulu eyedlule ezibonisa izinja ezikhombisayo azihlukaniseki nalezo ezidalwe namuhla. Yize, njenganoma yiluphi uhlobo olwenziwayo, kungenzeka ukuthi uqaphele ukwehluka okuthile okuhambisanayo (okuvumelanayo) kwe-phenotype emigqeni ehlukene. Sibonile izithombe zezinja ezilwayo kusukela ngawo-1860s ezazikhuluma ngendlela eyi-phenotypically (futhi ukwahlulela ngezincazelo zesimanje zokulwa ekulweni) ezifanayo nama-APBTs anamuhla.

Ukumiswa kwe-American Pit Bull Terrier

Lezi zinja zazaziwa ngamagama ahlukahlukene, njenge "Pit Terrier", "Pit Bull Terriers", "Staffordshire Ighting Dogs", "Old Family Dogs" (igama layo e-Ireland), "Yankee Terrier" (igama elisenyakatho ) kanye ne- "Rebel Terrier" (igama eliseningizimu), ukubala nje abambalwa.

Ngo-1898, indoda egama linguChauncy Bennet yakha i- I-United Kennel Club (UKC), ngenhloso kuphela yokubhalisa "I-Pit Bull Terriers", uma kubhekwa ukuthi i-American Kennel Club (AKC) ibingafuni lutho ngabo ngokukhethwa kwabo nokubamba iqhaza ekulweni nezinja. Ekuqaleni, nguyena owengeza igama "waseMelika" egameni futhi wasusa "umgodi". Lokhu akuzange kubakhange bonke abathandi bohlobo futhi ngakho igama elithi "Pit" lafakwa egameni kuma-parentheses, njengokuvumelana. Ekugcineni, ama-parentheses asuswa eminyakeni eyi-15 edlule. Zonke ezinye izinhlobo ezibhaliswe e-UKC zamukelwa ngemuva kwe-APBT.

Amanye amarekhodi e-APBT atholakala ku- Inhlangano yaseMelika Yezinja Zokuzala (ADBA), yaqala ngoSepthemba 1909 nguGuy McCord, umngani omkhulu kaJohn P. Colby. Namuhla, ngaphansi kokuqondiswa komndeni waseGreenwood, i-ADBA iyaqhubeka nokubhalisa kuphela i-American Pit Bull Terrier futhi ihambisana kakhulu nalolu hlobo kune-UKC.

Kufanele wazi ukuthi i-ADBA ingumxhasi wemibukiso yokuhlanganiswa kodwa, okubaluleke kakhulu, ixhasa imincintiswano yokuhudula, ngaleyo ndlela ihlolisise ukukhuthazela kwezinja. Iphinde ishicilele umagazini wekota onikezelwe i-APBT, obizwa "I-American Pit Bull Terrier Gazette". I-ADBA ithathwa njengerekhodi elizenzakalelayo lePit Bull njengoba kungumfelandawonye ozama kanzima ukugcina i iphethini yangempela womjaho.

I-American Pit Bull Terrier: Inja Yezingane

Ngo-1936, sibonga "uPete inja" ku- "Os Batutinhas", eyajwayeza izethameli ezibanzi nge-American Pit Bull Terrier, i-AKC yabhalisa lolu hlobo njenge "Staffordshire Terrier". Leli gama laguqulwa laba yi-American Staffordshire Terrier (AST) ngo-1972 ukulihlukanisa nesihlobo salo esiseduze nesincane, iStaffordshire Bull Terrier. Ngo-1936, izinhlobo ze-AKC, i-UKC, ne-ADBA ze- "Pit Bull" zazifana, njengoba izinja zakuqala ze-AKC zazithuthukiswa zivela ezinjeni zokulwa ezibhaliswe e-UKC nase-ADBA.

Ngalesi sikhathi sesikhathi, kanye naseminyakeni eyalandela, i-APBT yayiyinja. othandekayo kakhulu futhi othandwayo ku I-U.S, kuthathwa njengenja ekahle emindenini ngenxa yesimo sayo sothando nokubekezelela izingane. Yilapho uPit Bull avele njengenja yomzanyana. Izingane ezincane zesizukulwane sika "Os Batutinhas" zazifuna umlingani ofana noPit Bull Pete.

I-American Pit Bull Terrier eMpini Yezwe I

Ngesikhathi se- Impi Yezwe Yokuqala, kwakukhona iphosta yenkulumo-ze yaseMelika eyayimele amazwe ayizimbangi aseYurophu nezinja zawo zesizwe ezigqoke imifaniswano yamasosha. Maphakathi nendawo, inja emele i-United States kwakuyi-APBT, yamemezela ngezansi: "Angithathi hlangothi kepha angesabi noma yimuphi wabo.’

Ingabe ikhona imijaho yama-pit bull?

Kusukela ngo-1963, ngenxa yezinhloso ezahlukahlukene ekudalweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwayo, i-American Staffordshire Terrier (AST) kanye ne-American Pit Bull Terrier (APBT) kwehlukaniswe, zombili nge-phenotype nangesimo, yize zombili ziqhubeka nokuba nesimo esifanayo sobungane. Ngemuva kweminyaka engama-60 yokuzalisana ngezinhloso ezihluke kakhulu, lezi zinja ezimbili manje seziyizinhlobo ezihluke ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bakhetha ukubabona njengezinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene zomjaho ofanayo, eyodwa yomsebenzi neyodwa yombukiso. Kunoma ikuphi, igebe liyaqhubeka nokukhula njengoba abakhiqizi bazo zombili izinhlobo becabanga engacabangeki ukuwela lezi ezimbili.

Emehlweni angafaneleki, i-AST ingabukeka inkulu futhi isabise, ngenxa yekhanda layo elikhulu, eliqinile, imisipha yomhlathi ekhule kahle, isifuba esibanzi nentamo ejiyile. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile, abahlangene nezezemidlalo njenge-APBT.

Ngenxa yokumiswa kokuhambisana kwayo ngezinjongo zokubonisa, i-AST ijwayele ukuba njalo ekhethwe ukubukeka kwayo hhayi ukusebenza kwayo, ngezinga elikhulu kakhulu kune-APBT. Siqaphele ukuthi iPit Bull inebanga elibanzi kakhulu le-phenotypic, ngoba inhloso enkulu yokuzalaniswa kwayo, kuze kube muva nje, bekungekhona ukuthola inja enokubukeka okuthile, kodwa inja ezolwa ezimpini, ishiye eceleni ukufunwa okuthile izici zomzimba.

Eminye imijaho ye-APBT cishe ayihlukaniseki ne-AST ejwayelekile, kodwa-ke, imvamisa iba ncanyana, inezitho ezinde nesisindo esilula, into ebonakala kakhulu ekumeni konyawo. Ngokufanayo, bathambekele ekuboniseni amandla amaningi, ubugagu, isivinini namandla okuqhuma.

I-American Pit Bull Terrier eMpini Yezwe II

Ngesikhathi nangemva kwe- Impi Yezwe Yesibili, futhi kwaze kwaqala ama-80s, i-APBT yanyamalala. Kodwa-ke, kwakusekhona abazinikele ababazi lolu hlobo kuze kube imininingwane emincane kakhulu futhi babazi okuningi ngokhokho bezinja zabo, bekwazi ukusho izinhlu zozalo kuze kufike ezizukulwaneni eziyisithupha noma eziyisishiyagalombili.

I-American Pit Bull Terrier Namuhla

Ngenkathi i-APBT ithandwa ngumphakathi ngabo-1980, abantu abadumile abanolwazi oluncane noma abangenalo nhlobo ngohlanga baqala ukuba ngabanikazi babo futhi babazala futhi, njengoba bekulindelekile, ukusuka lapho. kwaqala ukuvela izinkinga. Iningi lalaba abafikayo alizange lihambisane nezinhloso zendabuko zokuzalanisa zabazalanisi be-APBT bangaphambilini, kwaqala kanjalo-ke ukukhwabanisa "ngemuva", lapho baqala khona ukuzala izinja ezingahleliwe ukuze misa ukukhulisa imidlwane ukuthi babebhekwa njengezimpahla ezinenzuzo, ngaphandle kolwazi noma ukulawula emakhaya abo.

Kepha okubi kakhulu kwakuseza, baqala ukukhetha izinja ezinenqubo ephikisayo kulezo ezazikhona kuze kube yileso sikhathi. Ukukhiqizwa kwezinja okukhethiwe okukhombise ifayili le- ukuthambekela ekubeni nolaka kubantu. Kungakabiphi, abantu obekungafanele ukuthi bagunyazwe izinja ezikhiqizwayo bakhuliswa noma kunjalo, iPit Bulls inolaka olumelene nabantu ngemakethe enkulu.

Lokhu, kuhlanganiswe nobulula bezindlela zokweqisa ngokweqile nokuzwela, kuholele ku- abezindaba impi ngokumelene pit bull, into eqhubeka nanamuhla. Akudingeki ukuthi kushiwo, ikakhulukazi uma kukhulunywa ngalolu hlobo, abalimi "basemuva" abangenalo ulwazi noma ulwazi lohlobo kufanele kugwenywe, njengoba kuvela izinkinga zezempilo nezokuziphatha.

Naphezu kokwethulwa kwemikhuba emibi yokuzalanisa eminyakeni eyi-15 edlule, iningi le-APBT lisabathanda kakhulu abantu. I-American Canine Temperament Testing Association, exhasa ukuhlolwa kwezinja, iqinisekisile ukuthi ama-95% awo wonke ama-APBT abenze isivivinyo asiphothule ngempumelelo, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinga lokuphasa elingama-77% labo bonke abanye. Izinhlanga, ngokwesilinganiso. Izinga lokuphasa le-APBT belingelesine eliphakeme kunazo zonke izinhlobo ezihlaziyiweyo.

Kulezi zinsuku, i-APBT isasetshenziswa ezimpini ezingekho emthethweni, kuvamise ukuba se-United States naseNingizimu Melika .. Ukulwa izimpi kwenzeka kwamanye amazwe lapho kungekho mithetho noma lapho imithetho ingasetshenziswa khona. Kodwa-ke, iningi le-APBT, noma ngaphakathi kwamakhefu wabalimi abazalisela ukulwa, abakaze babone senzo eringini. Esikhundleni salokho, bayizinja ezihambisana nabo, abathandi abaqotho, nezilwane ezifuywayo zomndeni.

Enye yemisebenzi eye yathola ukuthandwa ngempela phakathi kwabalandeli be-APBT ukuncintisana kokuhudula. O ukudonsa isisindo igcina umoya wokuncintisana wezwe elilwayo, kepha ngaphandle kwegazi noma ubuhlungu. I-APBT wuhlobo oluhamba phambili kule mincintiswano, lapho ukwenqaba ukudela kubalulekile njengamandla amabi. Njengamanje, i-APBT ibamba amarekhodi omhlaba ezigabeni ezahlukahlukene zesisindo.

Eminye imisebenzi i-APBT elungele yona iyimincintiswano ye-Agility, lapho ubugagu nokuzimisela kwakho kungabongwa khona kakhulu. Amanye ama-APBT aqeqeshwa futhi enza kahle emdlalweni weSchutzhund, umdlalo we-canine owakhiwa eJalimane ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1990.

Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- Umlando we-American Pit Bull Terrier, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu se-Curiosities somhlaba wezilwane.