-Delile
- Kuyini ukuzala kwezilwane?
- Izinhlobo zokukhiqiza kabusha izilwane
- Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwezilwane
- Ukukhulelwa kwangaphakathi ezilwaneni
- Ukukhulelwa kwangaphandle ezilwaneni
- Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kobulili ezilwaneni
- Izilwane ezinokukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-asexual
- Ukuzalela okunye ezilwaneni
Zonke izidalwa eziphilayo emhlabeni kufanele zizalane kabusha ukuqhubekisela phambili uhlobo. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, akubona bonke abaphumelelayo noma hhayi bonke abantu bohlobo oluthile lokuzala. Isibonelo, izilwane ezihlala emiphakathini zinikezwa indima eqenjini futhi oyedwa kuphela noma abantu abambalwa abazalayo. Izilwane ezizodwa, zona, zizofuna futhi zilwele ilungelo lazo lokukhiqiza nokuqhubeka kofuzo lwazo.
Elinye iqembu elikhulu lezilwane lenza elinye isu lokuzala, lapho ukuba khona kobulili obuhlukile kungadingeki ukuzala. Sizokhuluma ngabo bonke kulesi sihloko se-PeritoAnimal. Ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe nge- ukuzalanisa izilwane? Qhubeka ufunde!
Kuyini ukuzala kwezilwane?
Ukuzala kabusha kwezilwane inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yezinguquko zehomoni ezibangela izinguquko zomzimba nezokuziphatha kubantu ukufeza inhloso eyodwa: ukukhiqiza inzalo.
Kulokhu, ushintsho lokuqala okufanele lwenzeke yi- ukuvuthwa ngokocansi lezilwane. Leli qiniso livela ngesikhathi esithile empilweni yomuntu ngamunye, kuya ngohlobo lwazo. Konke kuqala ngokusungulwa kwezitho zocansi nokwakheka kwama-gametes, okubizwa nge-spermatogenesis kwabesilisa naku-oogenesis kwabesifazane. Ngemuva kwalesi siqephu, ingxenye yezimpilo zezilwane igxile kakhulu funa umaqondana ukusungula isibopho esibaholela ekukhiqizeni kabusha.
Kodwa-ke, kunezilwane okuthi, yize zinezitho, ngezikhathi ezithile naphansi kwezimo ezithile, zingazisebenzisi. Lokhu kwaziwa njenge ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-asexual ezilwaneni.
Izinhlobo zokukhiqiza kabusha izilwane
Emvelweni kunezinhlobo eziningana zokukhiqiza kabusha ezilwaneni. Ngamunye wabo unezici ezithile ezizenza zihluke kakhulu komunye nomunye. Ngokuvamile, singasho ukuthi i- izinhlobo zokukhiqiza kabusha izilwane yilezi:
- Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwezilwane
- Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kobulili ezilwaneni
- Ukuzala okushintshanayo ezilwaneni
Okulandelayo, sizokhuluma futhi sinikeze izibonelo zalowo nalowo kubo.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwezilwane
Ukuzala ngokocansi ezilwaneni kubonakala ngokuba nabantu ababili abathintekayo, owesifazane oyedwa nowesilisa oyedwa. Owesifazane uzokhiqiza amaqanda akhiwa yi-oogenesis kuma-ovari akhe. Owesilisa yena, uzokwakha isidoda emasendeni akhe, okuvame ukubonakala ngokuba mncane nokuhamba phezulu. Lezi zidoda zine- umsebenzi wokufaka umquba eqandeni futhi wakhe i-zygote ezoshintsha kancane kancane yakhe umuntu ophelele.
Ukuvundisa kungenzeka ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle komzimba wowesifazane, kwaziwa njengokuvundisa kwangaphakathi noma kwangaphandle, kuya ngohlobo.
Ukukhulelwa kwangaphakathi ezilwaneni
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwangaphakathi, isidoda sidlula ohlelweni lokuzala lwabesifazane sifuna iqanda. Owesifazane uzobe esekwazi khulisa inzalo ngaphakathi kwakhe, njengezilwane eziphilayo, noma ngaphandle. Uma ukukhula kombungu kwenzeka ngaphandle komzimba wesifazane, sikhuluma ngezilwane ezi-oviparous, ezizalela amaqanda.
Ukukhulelwa kwangaphandle ezilwaneni
Ngokuphambene nalokho, izilwane ezinokukhulelwa kwangaphandle badedele ama-gametes abo emvelweni (imvamisa yasemanzini), womabili amaqanda nesidoda, nokukhulelwa kwenzeka ngaphandle komzimba.
Isici esibaluleke kakhulu salolu hlobo lokuzala kabusha ukuthi abantu abavelayo baphatha ufuzo lwabo izinto zofuzo ezivela kubo bobabili abazali. Ngakho-ke, ukukhiqiza kabusha ngokocansi kwandisa amathuba okusinda kohlobo oluthile esikhathini eside, ngenxa yokwehluka kofuzo olukhiqizayo.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kobulili ezilwaneni
Ukukhiqizwa ngokobulili ezilwaneni kubonakala ukungabikho komunye umuntu wobulili obuhlukile. Ngakho-ke, inzalo iyefana nomuntu ozalanayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-asexual akubandakanyi amaseli wegciwane, okungukuthi, amaqanda nesidoda; ezimweni eziningi, kunjalo amaseli we-somatic akwazi ukwahlukanisa. Amaseli weSomatic amangqamuzana ajwayelekile emzimbeni.
Izinhlobo Zokukhiqizwa Kwabesifazane Ezinganeni
Okulandelayo, sizobona ukuthi kunezinhlobo eziningana zokukhiqiza kabusha kwe-asexual ezilwaneni:
- gemmulation noma gemmation: ukukhiqizwa okuvamile kwe-asexual kwezipanji zasolwandle. Uhlobo oluthile lweseli luqoqa izinhlayiya zokudla futhi, ekugcineni, luhlukanise futhi lwenze ufuzo olunikeza umuntu omusha ...
- kufufusa: Ku-hydras, uhlobo oluthile lwe-cnidarian, ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-asexual kwenzeka ngokufufusa. Ebusweni besilwane, iqembu elithile lamaseli liqala ukukhula, lakhe umuntu omusha ongahlukanisa noma ahlale eseduze kwasekuqaleni.
- ukwahlukana: ingenye yezinhlobo zokukhiqiza kabusha ezenziwa izilwane ezinjenge-starfish noma ama-planarians. Umzimba wakho ungahlukaniswa ube izingxenye ezithile, ngasinye sazo siveza umuntu omusha.
- I-Parthenogenesis: kulolu hlobo lokuzala kabusha kwe-asexual, i-germ cell iyabandakanyeka, okuyiqanda. Lokhu, noma kungavundiswanga, kungathuthukisa futhi kudale umuntu wesifazane ofanayo nomama.
- I-Gynogenesis: leli icala elingajwayelekile lokukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-asexual, okwenzeka kuphela kuma-amphibian athile nezinhlanzi ezinamathambo. Indoda inikela ngesidoda sayo, kepha lokhu kusetshenziswa kuphela njengesikhuthazo sokukhula kwamaqanda; empeleni akanikeli ngezinto zakhe zofuzo.
Izilwane ezinokukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-asexual
Ezinye zezilwane ezinokukhiqizwa kwe-asexual esingazithola yilezi ezilandelayo:
- I-Hydra
- Iminyovu
- I-Starfish
- ama-anemones asolwandle
- ama-sea urchins
- ukhukhamba wasolwandle
- izipanji zasolwandle
- amobeba
- abathandayo
Ukuzalela okunye ezilwaneni
Phakathi kwezilwane, noma kungejwayelekile kakhulu, singathola enye indlela yokuzala. Ngaleli qhinga lokuzala, i- ukukhiqizwa kabusha kocansi kanye ne-asexual kufakiwe, yize kungenjalo.
Lolu hlobo lokukhiqiza luvame kakhulu emhlabeni wezitshalo. Ezilwaneni kuyivelakancane, kepha kungabonakala ezinhlanganweni ezithile, njengezintuthwane nezinyosi, okungukuthi, ezilwaneni ezingenamgogodla. Isu lokuzalisa ezinye izilwane ezilwaneni lizoya ngohlobo ngalunye.
Uma ufuna ukufunda izindatshana eziningi ezifana ne- Ukukhiqizwa kwezilwane, sincoma ukuthi ufake isigaba sethu se-Curiosities somhlaba wezilwane.